Search Engine Optimization is a Step by step process to Rank a piece of Content on Search engine, We have given a detailed PPT to Make you understand about SEO Easily here basically we have covered about ON Page SEO, mainly like heading tags optimization, Alt tags , image naming, file naming or URL Structuring. For More info: www.gigsdigitalsolutions.com/what-is-on-page-seo/

1. Search Engine
OPTIMIZATION
BY: QADIR KHAN

2. What is SEO ?
SEO stands for search engine optimization. SEO is the process of taking steps to help a website or piece of content
rank higher on Google.
The key difference between SEO and paid advertising is that SEO involves “organic” ranking, which means you don’t
pay to be in that space. To make it a bit simpler, search engine optimization means taking a piece of online content
and optimizing it so search engines like Google show it towards the top of the page when someone searches for
something.
Look at it this way. When someone types “Digital Marketing” into Google, they’re likely looking for a Digital marketing
course, Services, and instructions on what is digital marketing. If you wrote an article about ‘Digital Marketing, you’d
want people to find your Content. For anyone to find it, you need to rank above all the other websites with about
Digital Marketing. It’s not easy, but that’s what SEO marketing is all about.
Let’s break it down even further: The majority of online searches begin with a search engine like Google. In fact, 75
percent of those searches start on Google.
To better understand how you can rank your content higher in the search engines, you need to first understand how
search works.
The ultimate goal of this article is to help you understand the ins and outs of search so you can optimize your
content to rank higher on Google and get more eyeballs on your posts.

3. How Search Engine works ?
Search engines perform several activities in order to deliver search results.
● Crawling - Process of fetching all the web pages linked to a website. This task is performed by a software, called a
crawler or a spider (or Googlebot, in case of Google).
● Indexing - Process of creating indexes for all the fetched web pages and keeping them into a giant database from
where it can later be retrieved. Essentially, the process of indexing is identifying the words and expressions that best
describe the page and assigning the page to particular keywords.
● Processing - When a search request comes, the search engine processes it, i.e. it compares the search string in the
search request with the indexed pages in the database.
● Calculating Relevancy - It is likely that more than one page contains the search string, so the search engine starts
calculating the relevancy of each of the pages in its index to the search string.

4. ● Retrieving Results - The last step in search engine activities is retrieving the best matched results. Basically, it is nothing more than
simply displaying them in the browser.
Search engines such as Google and Yahoo! often update their relevancy algorithm dozens of times per month. When you see
changes in your rankings it is due to an algorithmic shift or something else outside of your control. Although the basic principle of
operation of all search engines is the same, the minor differences between their relevance algorithms lead to major changes in results
relevancy.

6. What is SERP ?
Search Engine Results Page (SERP) The page that
a search engine returns after a user submits a search
query. In addition to organic search results, search
engine results pages (SERPs) usually include paid
search and pay-per-click (PPC) ads.

7. What is ON Page & Off Page SEO
Conceptually, there are two ways of optimization:

8. How to Select a Domain Name
The domain name will be your business address. Hence, it is imperative that you choose the domain name
with utmost care.Many people think it is important to have keywords in a domain. Keywords in the domain
name are usually important, but it usually can be done while keeping the domain name short, memorable,
and free of hyphens. Using keywords in your domain name gives you a strong competitive advantage over
your competitors. Having your keywords in your domain name can increase click through rates on search
engine listings and paid ads as well as make it easier to using your keywords to get keyword rich descriptive
inbound links. Avoid buying long and confusing domain names. Many people separate the words in their
domain names using dashes or hyphens. In the past the domain name itself was a significant ranking factor
but now with advanced search engines, it is not a significant factor anymore.
Keep two to three words in your domain name − it will be more memorable. Some of
the most memorable websites do a great job of branding by creating their own words.
Examples include eBay, Yahoo!, Expedia, Slashdot, Fark, Wikipedia, Google...
You should be able to say it over the telephone once and the other person should know
how to spell it and they should know what you sell. If you can do that AND work
keywords there, good for you. If you can't, skip the keywords.

9. Page Naming ( URL Structuring )
The filename should preferably be short and descriptive.
● It is always good to use the same keywords in a filename as well as in page title.
● Do not use filenames such as service.htm or job.htm as they are generic. Use the actual service
name in your file name such as
computer-repairing.htm.
● Do not use more than 3-4 words in file names.
● Separate the keywords with hyphens rather than underscores.
● Try to use 2 keywords if possible.

10. Listed below are some filenames which would be ideal from the user's point of view as well as SEO.
slazenger-brand-balls.html
wimbledon-brand-balls.html
wilson-brand-balls.html
Notice that the keywords are separated by hyphens rather than underscores.
Google sees good filenames as follows:
seo-relevant-filename as seo relevant filename(good)
Filenames with underscores are not a good option.
seo_relevant_filename as seorelevantfilename (not good)
File Name Examples

11. File Extension
You should notice that .html, .htm, .php and any other extension do NOTHING for your visitors, and they are simply a means
of offloading some of the work of configuring your web server properly onto your visitor's. In effect, you are asking your site
visitors to tell your web server HOW to produce the page, not which one?
Many Webmasters think that it is a good idea to use filename without using extension. It may help you, but not a whole lot.
URL Subdirectory Name
From a Search Engine Optimization point of view, URL subdirectory name hardly matters. You can try giving any keyword
in any search, and you will not find any subdirectory name matching with your keywords. But from the user's point of view,
you should keep an abbreviated sub-directory name.
File Extension Examples

12. Note: Keep the following points in mind before naming your files:
● Keep the web page filename short, simple, descriptive, and relevant to the page content.
● Try to use a maximum of 3-4 keywords in your filename, and these keywords should appear on your web page title as well.
● Separate all keywords with hyphen rather than with underscore.
● Keep your sub-directories name as short as possible.
● Restrict the file size to less than 101K because Google chops almost everything above that.
Note

13. What is SEO Copywriting
SEO Copywriting is the technique of writing viewable text on a web page in such a way
that it reads well for the surfer, and also targets specific search terms. Its purpose is to
rank highly in the search engines for the targeted search terms.Along with viewable text,
SEO copywriting usually optimizes other on-page elements for the targeted search terms.
These include the Title, Description, Keywords tags, headings, and alternative text. The
idea behind SEO copywriting is that search engines want genuine content pages and not
additional pages often called "doorway pages" that are created for the sole purpose of
achieving high rankings.

14. What is Search Engine Rank ?
When you search any keyword using a search engine, it displays thousands of results
found in its database. A page ranking is measured by the position of web pages
displayed in the search engine results. If a search engine is putting your web page on
the first position, then your web page rank will be number 1 and it will be assumed as
the page with the highest rank.

15. What is Heading Tags in SEO
Header tags, also known as heading tags, are used to separate headings and
subheadings on a webpage. They rank in order of importance, from H1 to H6, with H1s
usually being the title. Header tags improve the readability and SEO of a webpage.

16. Here's a quick guide on header tags and what they're used for:
H1 — The title of a post. They're usually keyword-centric, focused around the "big idea" of a
page or post, and crafted to grab a reader's attention.
H2 — These are subheaders that classify the main points of your paragraphs and separate
sections. Consider using semantic keywords related to the "big idea" in your H1 while also
helping the reader easily find the sections they want to read.
H3 — These are subsections that clarify the points made in the H2 further. Alternatively, they
can be used in formatting lists or bullet points.
H4 —These are subsections that clarify the points made in the H3 further. Alternatively, they
can be used in formatting lists or bullet points.
The "H" in H1, H2, etc. officially stands for "heading element," though the SEO community also
commonly calls these tags "header tags."
As you can guess from the guide above, the numeral indicates the hierarchical relationship
between each one (with H1 being the most important, H2 being less important, and so on).

17. Anchor Text:
Anchor text is the visible, clickable text in a hyperlink. In modern browsers, it's often blue
and underlined,
<a href="http://www.example.com">Example Anchor Text</a>
Canonical Tag:
A canonical tag (or rel=canonical) is a small piece of HTML code that helps search engines
to determine the “main” version of the page from the rest of the pages that are identical or
very similar to it.

18. Why are canonical tags important in SEO?
The primary purpose of the canonical tag is to tell search engines which page is the main, original version and
which are just duplicates that look the same.
Generally speaking, websites usually contain at least some pages that are considered duplicates – they display the
same content but with different URLs.
In these instances, Google has to decide which page to choose for indexing and ranking purposes – it won’t use all
the pages as search results since they all look identical or just very similar.
For example, product pages are usually displayed not only by 1 main URL. They can be also displayed with various URL
parameters that are often used (e.g. for sorting, currency, sizes, etc.):
https://www.randomshop.com/clothes/shirts.html
https://www.randomshop.com/clothes/shirts.html?Size=XL
https://www.randomshop.com/clothes/shirts.html?Size=XL&color=red