ppt 6 module 5 PNU-DOLE

1. Learning Theories
for Career
Guidance

2. Krumboltz’s Social
Learning Theory

3. Influential Factors
• Genetic endowment and special abilities - sex, race, physical
appearance, intelligence, abilities, and talents
• Environmental conditions and events - cultural, social,
political, and economic forces beyond our control
• Instrumental and associative learning experiences-
individuals use observations and generalizations in career
decisions

4. Outcomes of the Factors Influencing Career
Decision Making
• Self-observation generalizations
• Worldview generalizations
• Task approach skills
• Actions

5. Reasons Why People Prefer a Particular
Occupation
• They succeed at tasks that are similar to those performed in
that occupation.
• They have observed someone being rewarded for activities
similar to those performed by members of that occupation.
• A model/person stressed its advantages to them

6. The Learning Theory of Career Counseling
(Mitchell & Krumboltz)
• Teacher-Counselor must be prepared to help clients cope with
career concerns in four ways:
• Expand their capabilities and interests
• Prepare them for changing work tasks
• Empower them to take action
• Play a major role in dealing with all career problems

7. Teacher-Career Counselors can help by:
• Correcting faulty assumptions.
• Learning new skills and interests.
• Identifying effective strategies for addressing issues
emanating from interactions between work and other life
roles.
• Learning skills for coping with changing work tasks.

8. Tiedeman’s Decision-
Making Model

9. •Tiedeman described a process of career
development in which people continually redefine
their career interests and commitments through
different decision-making phases.

10. •career development occurs not only with
one decision but as a result of many
decisions, and that how persons make
decisions influences their actions in
past, present, and future decisions

11. •The model has different phases in which an
individual goes through. Each phase is
considered a new junction for decision making.
These phases are grouped into anticipatory and
implementation activities.

12. Anticipatory activity includes:
•Exploration
•Crystallization
•Choice
•Specification

13. Implementation activity includes:
•Induction
•Reformation
•Integration

14. Theory into Practice:
• Teachers should give activities that promote:
• Self-awareness (strengths, weaknesses, coping skills, etc)
• Decision-making skills
• Analysis of past actions

15. Kolb’s Experiential
Learning

16. • Kolb’s theory states that learning is created
through the transformation of experiences.
• It is cyclical in model and one may start at any
stage but there is a need to follow each other in
sequence.
•The cycle has four stages.
•

17. Four Stages
• 1. Concrete Experience (CE)
• - active involvement, relating with other people, and
learning by experience. Learners in the CE phase of learning
are open-minded and adaptable, and are sensitive to the
feelings of themselves and others.
• 2. Reflective Observation (RO)
• - stage in which the learner watches and listens, views
issues from different points of view, and discovers meaning in
the learning material.

18. • 3. Abstract Conceptualization (AC)
• - the application of thought and logic, as opposed to feelings,
to the learning situation. Planning, developing theories, and
analysis are part of this stage.
• 4. Active Experimentation (AE)
• - involves testing theories, carrying out plans, and
influencing people and events through activity. Kolb believed
that a complete cycle of learning involved each of these stages