To support AS Geography - studies of international and internal migration in the UK - causes and consequences.

1. WEST INDIES TO THE UK (1950s / 60s) Case Study: International Migration Jamaica UK Images: Google Earth

2. Decolonisation 1922-1975 led to many of England’s colonies becoming independent states. This decolonisation and emergence of the New Commonwealth (former colonies), led to migration – many of the officials who had worked in the colonies returned home and many natives from the ex-colonies (e.g. West Indies) went to the former “motherland” (e.g. UK) to look for better education / jobs “ At the end of the Second World War, Britain was busy rebuilding. The government was thinking about recruiting workers from the Caribbean to cope with the shortage of labour in some British industries. In 1948, an advertisement appeared in a Jamaican newspaper. It stated that there were 300 places on board Windrush for anyone wishing to travel to Britain. Many hoped for better career prospects in Britain, since there was high unemployment at home. The ship landed at Tilbury docks on 21st June 1948. The arrival of the Windrush was the start of a period of migration from the Caribbean to Britain that did not slow down until 1962. By 1955, 18,000 Jamaicans had moved to Britain.” Text Quote from: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/museum/item.asp?item_id=50 ARRIVAL OF THE WINDRUSH – the start of West Indies to UK migration

8. ‘ perceived’ lower quality of life in North (older housing, derelict land from industry etc.) Rural regions of Scottish Highlands / Central Wales etc. – unemployment & decline in farming workforce – rural depopulation Decline in Heavy Industries – closure of ship building / coal mines etc. little alternative employment – moved to south South (pull) – experienced growth in service industries, close to EU and job opportunities, higher salaries, more social / sporting amenities and better communities (flatter) and channel tunnel E Anglia (growth) London / SE – growth core North-South Drift in the UK