Engineering

1. A Mini Project Presentation
On
“Composite Materials”
Submitted To:
Mr. BRIJBHOOSHAN YADAV
Asst. Prof. M.E. Dept.
(BSACET, MATHURA)
Presented By:
AMIT KUMAR
1900650400002
(M.E. 4th Year)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2. Contents
• What are Composites.
• Importance of Composites.
• History.
• Examples of Composites.
• Types of Composites.
• Advantages.
• Disadvantages.
• Applications.
• Conclusion.
• References.

3. WHAT ARE COMPOSITES
• In its most basic form a composite material is one,
which is composed of at least two elements working
together to produce material properties that are
different to the properties of those elements on their
own.
• The most common composite is the fibrous composite
consisting of reinforcing fibres embedded in a binder
or matrix materials.

4. IMPORTANCE OF
COMPOSITES
• Composites have properties, which could not be
achieved by either of the constituent materials
alone.
• We can see that composites are becoming
more and more important as it can help to
improve our quality of life.
• Composites are put into service in flight vehicles,
automobiles, boats, pipelines, buildings, roads,
bridges, and dozens of other products.

5. HISTORY
• The most primitive composite materials were straw
and mud combined to form bricks for building
construction; the Biblical book of Exodus speaks of the
Israelites being oppressed by Pharaoh, by being
forced to make bricks without straw being provided.
• The ancient brick-making process can still be seen on
Egyptian tomb paintings in the Metropolitan Museum
of Art.
• The most advanced examples perform routinely on
spacecraft in demanding environments.
• The most visible applications pave our roadways in
the form of either steel and aggregate reinforced
portland cement or asphalt concrete.
• Those composites closest to our personal hygiene
form our shower stalls and bath tubs made of
fiberglass.

6. EXAMPLES OF COMPOSITES
• Fibre reinforced plastics:
– Classified by type of fiber:
• Wood (cellulose fibers in a lignin and hemicellulose matrix)
• Carbon-fibre reinforced plastic or CRP
• Glass-fibre reinforced plastic or GRP (informally, "fiberglass")
– Classified by matrix:
• Thermoplastic Composites
– long fiber thermoplastics or long fiber reinforced thermoplastics
– glass mat thermoplastics
• Thermoset Composites
•
• Metal matrix composites or MMCs:
• White cast iron
– Hardmetal (carbide in metal matrix)
– Metal-intermetallic laminate
• Ceramic matrix composites:
– Cermet (ceramic and metal)
– concrete
– Reinforced carbon-carbon (carbon fibre in a graphite matrix)
– Bone (hydroxyapatite reinforced with collagen fibers)
• Organic matrix/ceramic aggregate composites
– Mother of Pearl
– Syntactic foam
– Asphalt concrete

7. TYPES OF COMPOSITES

8. ADVANTAGES OF
COMPOSITE
• High strength and stiffness
• Light weight
• Corrosion resistance (long life)
• Design and formulation flexibility
• Fatigue resistance
• Good damping characteristics
• Low thermal expansion
• Unitized structure

9. DISADVANTAGES
• Composite hazards
• High cost (compared to metals)
• Manufacturing time

10. APPLICATIONS
• Building Construction
• Aircraft Wings
• Marine Applications
• Automobile Industries
• Kitchen Utensils
• Cars & Bicycles

11. CONCLUSION
• Controlling both stiffness and strength, is the
way in which an applied load is shared between
fibres and matrix.
• Understand how the slab model is used to
obtain axial and transverse stiffnesses for long
fibre composites.
• The treatments employed neglect thermal
residual stresses, which can in practice be
significant in some cases

12. REFERENCES
• Waterman, Pamela J., "The Life of Composite
Materials", Desktop Engineering Magazine April
2007, http://66.195.41.10/Articles/Feature/The-
Life-of-Composite-Materials-200704101800.html
• ^ Matzkanin, George A.; Yolken, H. Thomas,
"Techniques for the Nondestructive Evaluation
of Polymer Matrix Composites", AMMTIAC
Quarterly Vol. 2, No 4,
http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/pdf/AQV2N4.pd
f
• ^ Products, High Pressure Vessel Technology,
Scorpius.com

13. THANK U
ANY QUESTIONS?