2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Diversity in wireless communication
• The importance of MIMO for users
• LTE applications of MIMO
• MIMO's primary advantages
3. INTRODUCTION
MIMO (multiple input, multiple output) is an antenna technology for
wireless communications in which multiple antennas are used at both
the source (transmitter) and the destination (receiver). The antennas
at each end of the communications circuit are combined to minimize
errors, optimize data speed and improve the capacity of radio
transmissions by enabling data to travel over many signal paths at the
same time.
4. DIVERSITY IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Wireless communications, which allow movement while communicating, is a
very attractive feature for the mobile users. But it is a challenge to the
wireless engineers because of channel fading due to random signal
attenuation and phase distortions from the Multipath Components (MPCs).
There are three diversity techniques:
• Frequency diversity
• Time diversity
• Space diversity
5. THE IMPORTANCE OF MIMO FOR USERS
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) added MIMO with Release 8 of the
Mobile Broadband Standard. MIMO technology is used for Wi-Fi networks and
cellular fourth-generation (4G) Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and fifth-generation (5G)
technology in a wide range of markets, including law enforcement, broadcast TV
production and government. It also can be used in wireless local area networks
(WLANs) and is supported by all wireless products with 802.11n.
MIMO is often used for high-bandwidth communications where it's important to
not have interference from microwave or RF systems. For example, it's frequently
used by first responders who can't always rely on cell networks during a disaster or
power outage or when a cell network is overloaded.
6. LTE APPLICATIONS OF MIMO
MIMO in LTE enables more reliable transmission of data, while also
increasing data rates. It separates the data into individual streams
before transmission. During transmission, the data and reference
signals travel through the air to a receiver that will already be familiar
with these signals, which helps the receiver with channel estimation.
7. MIMO'S PRIMARY ADVANTAGES
In its various configurations, MIMO has a number of advantages over MISO
and SIMO advanced antenna technologies:
• MIMO enables stronger signals. It bounces and reflects signals so a user
device doesn't need to be in a clear line of sight.
• Video and other large-scale content can travel over a network in large
quantities. This content travels more quickly because MIMO supports
greater throughput.
• Many data streams improve visual and auditory quality. They also
decrease the chance of lost data packets.
8. HOW MASSIVE MIMO SYSTEMS ARE INFLUENCING
THE FUTURE
MIMO is a primary tool for advancing all aspects of wireless
communications. It plays a substantial role in 5G technology and is
influencing how users interact with these technologies daily. These
influences include the following:
• High network capacities.
• More coverage.
• Better user experience (UX).
9. CONCLUSION
Creating multiple versions of the same signal provides more
opportunities for the data to reach the receiving antenna without
being affected by fading, which increases the signal-to-noise ratio
and error rate. By boosting the capacity of radio frequency (RF)
systems, MIMO creates a more stable connection and less congestion.
