3d modeling

1. Presentation
Presented By :- krishna kumar mahato
Enrollment No :- 0207210808
Branch :- B-tech ME
Semester :-6th
Submitted To:- Mr. Avinashnath Tiwari

2.  Introduction
 History of 3D printer
 Additive manufacturing
 Procedure of 3Dprinting
 Applications Of 3D Printer
 Advantage & Disadvantage
 Future with 3D printer
 CONCLUSION
 Reference

3. The 3D printing process builds a three-dimensional object from a computer-aided design (CAD)
model usually by successively adding material layer by layer which is why it is also called additive
manufacturing .The term “3d printing”covers a variety of processes in which material is joined or
solidified
under computer control to create a three- dimensional object ,with material being added together
(such as liquid molecules or powder grains being fused together),typically layer by layer.
The most-commonly used 3D-printing process (46%as of 2018) is a material extrusion technique
called fused deposition modeling (FDM).while FDM technology was invented after the other two
most popular technologies,stereo lithography (SLA)and selective laser sintering (SLS),FDM is
typically the most inexpensive of the three by a large margin,which lends to the popularity of the
process

4.  Late 1970s to End of 1980s
 When discussing the history of 3D printing, we must begin in the late 1970s, even
before the first technology, stereolithography, was invented. Technology is much
older than you think. It may appear to be a relatively new technology, but it is not.
The first inkjet printer was manufactured in the late 1970s, which marked the
beginning of 3D printing. The technology created quite a stir, but nothing
significant could be accomplished in the next half-decade.
 Dr. Hideo Kodama of the Nagoya Municipal Industrial Research Institute in Japan
published a paper on the Rapid Prototyping (RP) system in 1981. He envisioned a
system in which layers of a model were printed on a platform and the final product
was built layer upon layer. He was supposed to file for a patent later, but Dr.
Kodama was unable to do so, and the application expired after its one-year
deadline. The RP system was a great ideological breakthrough, but it had no
practical application. Many researchers were still looking for the final piece of the
jigsaw puzzle.

5. Additive manufacturing uses data computer-aided –design (CAD)software or 3D Object
scanner to direct hardware to deposit material ,layer upon layer ,in precise geometric shapes
.As its name implies ,additive manufacturing adds material to create an object .By contrast,
when you create an object by traditional means ,it is often necessary to remove material
through milling ,machine ,carving ,shaping or other means.
Additive manufacturing (also called 3-dimensional printing) is a set of technologies that
assemble objects from smaller pieces of material. Some examples of these technologies
include fused filament fabrication (may involve extruding thermoplastic filament), vat
polymerization (using an ultraviolet light to cure a polymer), or powder bed fusion (melting
together metal, ceramic, or plastic powder with high-power lasers or other heat sources).
Once just used for prototyping, these techniques are becoming less expensive and are seeing
use in production as well, affecting the automotive, aerospace, electronics, medical, and
consumer markets.

6. Step 1: CAD-Produce a 3-D model using computer –aided design (CAD) software
Step 2:Conversion to STL –Convert the CAD drawing to the STL format
Step 3: Transfer to Am Machine and STL file manipulation- A user copies the STL file to the
computer that control the 3 D printer .
Step 4: Machine setup-Each machine has its own requirement for how to prepare for a new
print job. This includes refilling the polymers , binders and other consumables the printer will
use .
Step5: Build –let the machine do its thing ;The build process is mostly automatic. Each layer is
usually about
0.1 mm thick, though it can be much thinner or thicker
Step 6: Removal –Remove the printed object (or multiple object in some cases) from the
machine.
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7. Prototyping necessitated improvements in existing processes and material
usage, which resulted in technological advancements. As a result, the
possibilities for 3D printing have expanded. These advancements cut across
all industry sectors. The following is a comprehensive list of 3D printing
applications

8.  Flexible Design
 Rapid Prototyping
 Print on Demand
 Strong and Lightweight Part
 Fast Design and Production
 Minimising Waste
 Cost Effective
 Ease of Access

9.  Restricted Build Size
 Limited Materialsmaterials is not exhaustive
 Post Processing
 Large Volumes
 Part Structure
 Reduction in Manufacturing Jobs
 Design Inaccuracies
 Copyright Issues

10. 3-D printing is moving in several directions at this time and all indications are that it will continue to
expand in many areas in the future .some of the most promising areas include
medical applications, custom parts replacement,and customized consumer products. As materials
improve and costs go down,other applications we can barely imagine today will become possible.
Perhaps the greatest areas of potential growth for 3-dprinting is in the medical field. AS mentioned
above, researches are just starting to experiment with the ideas of creating artificial bones with 3-D
printers, but the process could potentially be used for so much more.

11. 3D printing can offer benefits across the entire creation process from initial
concept design to final manufacturing and all steps in between. Different
application have unique needs and understanding those application requirements is
critical when choosing a 3D printer .multiple system may offer broader use
opportunities than a single system, so identifying your unique requirements to
apply 3D printing across your entire design-to-
manufacture process can shorten time-to-market, improve product performance,
streamline and cost-reduce manufacturing, and improve
product quality and customer satisfaction will help you define the ideal
3D printing capability for your organization.

12.  [1]Gargiulo, E.P.1992, Stereolithography process accuracy: user experience, Proc. 1st
European Conf. Rapid Prototyping, 187-201.
 [2]Lee, K.W., Wang, S., Fox, B.C., Ritman, E.L., Yaszemski, M.J., Lu, L., 2007. Poly
bone tissue engineering scaffold fabrication using stereo lithography: effects of resin
formulations and laser parameters. Bio macromolecules 8, 1077-1084.
 [3] C.L., Leong, K.F.Chua, C.K.Du, Z, 2001Dual material rapid prototyping techniques
forthe development of biomedical devices. Part ISpace creation. IntJ
 . 4] Lisa Harouni 3D printing entrepreneur available at:-
https://www.ted.com/talks/lisa_harouni_a_primer_on_3d_printing
 [5] Avi Reichental what next in 3d printing available at:
https://www.ted.com/talks/avi_reichental_what_s_next_in_3d_printing
 [6] Bastian Schaefer a 3d printed jumbo jet available at:-
http://www.ted.com/talks/bastian_schaefer_a_3d_printed_jumbo_jet?language=en
 [7]Anthony atala printing a human kidney
https://www.ted.com/talks/anthony_atala_printing_a_human_kidneyAdv. Manuf.
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