ppt

1. 3G and 4G Wireless – Advances and Challenges Suresh R. Borkar Adjunct Faculty, Dept of ECE, Ill Instt. of Tech. [email_address] Apr 14, 2006

5. TDMA/FDMA Give the same air to all

6. CDMA X I I I All persons are created equal Channelization code: Separate xmissions from a single source from each other Scrambling code: separate different sources from each other Spreading Code = Channelization code x Scrambling code

7. Multipath Arrival of Signals

8. CDMA Rake Receiver

10. 3G Services Who is first? – the customer; who is second? - No one

13. GSM Network C, D Gw-MSC C E, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08 Call MSC VLR A UE SMS-GW SCP IN gsm SCF SSP Circuit domain BSS HLR AuC Billing Center STP

14. GSM & GPRS C, D Gw-MSC C E, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08+ Call MSC VLR A UE SMS-GW GGSN PDN Gi Gb SGSN Data, voice, video call GSM 04.08+ Gr Gc Gn CGw Ga Ga SCP IN gsm SCF SSP IP Services Circuit domain Packet domain BSS HLR AuC Billing Center STP

15. WCDMA/UMTS C+, D+ Gw-MSC C E+, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08++ Call 3G-MSC VLR Iu-cs UE SMS-GW GGSN PDN Gi+ Iu-ps 3G-SGSN Data, voice, video call GSM 04.08++ Gr+ Gc+ Gn+ CGw Ga+ Ga+ SCP IN, CAMEL gsm SCF SSP IP Services Circuit domain Packet domain UTRAN HLR+ AuC Billing Center STP

16. GSM/UMTS Bit rate, Mobility and Services High Bit Rate, Kbps Low Text Messaging Mobility Voice 76.0 GPRS 384.0 EDGE UMTS 2 Mb/s 9.6 14.4 HSCSD CS Data Fax GSM HSCSD GPRS (stationary) (Car / Train) EDGE UMTS

17. 3G Evolution GSM HSCSD 15.2 kbps GPRS 170 kbps EDGE 473 kbps EDGE Ph2 GRAN 473 kbps TDMA CDPD 43.2 kbps TD-SCDMA 284 kbps TD-SCDMA Ph 2 2 Mbps PDA/PDC-P 14.4 kbps WCDMA FDD 2 Mbps WCDMA TDD 2 Mbps WCDMA HSDPA 10 Mbps cdmaOne 76.8 kbps CDMA2000 1x 307 kps 1XEV-DO (HDR) 2.4 Mbps 1XEV-DV (HDR) 5.4 Mbps WLAN IEEE 802.11b 11 Mbps HyperLAN2 54 Mbps IEEE 802.11 a/h 54 Mbps Harmonized HyperLAN2 And IEEE 802.11a Ref: Honkasalo et al, WCDMA and WLAN for 3G and Beyond, IEEE Wireless Communication, Apr 2002 3.5G 2.5G WiMAX/HyperMAN also in the mix

24. WCDMA Domains Standardization of architecture (domains) and standardization of protocols (strata)

25. WCDMA Protocol Layers

26. WCDMA L1, L2, and RRC Sublayer

27. WCDMA Channels Transport Channels: how information transferred over the radio interface Logical Channels: Type of information transferred over the radio interface Channels made by soft hats

28. Mapping Between Channels N to M

29. WCDMA Channel Usage Examples Flexibility comes with responsibility

31. WCDMA Power Control (near = far) Uplink and downlink (1500 Hz) Open Loop Power Control Closed Loop Power Control Outer Loop Power Control Equal Opportunity Administration (EOA)

32. WCDMA Handovers Hard and Inter-frequency handovers Intersystem cell-reselection “ Equivalent PLMN mode” (autonomous cell re-selection (packet) idle mode) Softer Soft

33. Handover Algorithm A relay race with multiple batons

36. Location Services (LCS) Cell ID based Observed Time Difference Arrival – Idle Period Downlink (OTDOA-IPDL) Network Assisted GPS You can run but you cannot hide

40. 3G All-IP Reference Architecture Iu Gi R Uu Gn Gc Gp Signalling and Data Transfer Interface Signalling Interface Gr Other PLMN Gn Applications & Services SCP CAP TE MT SGSN GGSN HLR SGSN GGSN Multimedia IP Networks UTRAN R-SGW Gi Mr Gi Ms MGW MGCF MRF PSTN/ Legacy/External Mm Mw Legacy mobile signaling Network Mc Cx Alternative Access Network Mh CSCF Mg T-SGW CSCF HSS MSC Server Gi MGW GMSC Server Nb Mc Mc Nc T-SGW Iu

41. WCDMA 3G Evolution to All-IP Network UTRAN N_B PSTN/ISDN N_B RNC RNC Iub Iub Iur Internet/Intranet/ISP Application servers Wireless Data Server www, email IP SGSN GGSN IP Firewall HLR AuC PCM SS7 3G-MSC ATM GTP+/IP N_B Internet/Intranet/ISP PSTN/ISDN Application servers N_B RNC RNC Iub Iub Iur ATM GTP+/IP Wireless Data Server www, email IP PCM SS7 IP Firewall GGSN IP PSTN/ISDN MGCF HSS CSCF SGW MGW MRF (G)MSC Server MGW 3G-MSC SGSN GGSN

43. 3.5G WCDMA Evolved System Architecture Source: www.3gpp.org

44. Key 3G and 4G Parameters All IP (IPv6.0) Multiple versions IP 2 – 8 GHz 1.6 - 2.5 GHz Frequency Band 4G 3G Attribute Smart antennas; SW multi-band; wideband radios Optimized antenna; multi-band adapters Component Design Hybrid – integration of Wireless Lan (WiFi), Blue Tooth, Wide Area Wide area Cell based Network Architecture Converged data and VoIP Predominantly voice- data as add-on Major Characteristic ~2010 ~2003 Operational 200 kmph 200 kmph Mobile top Speed Packet Circuit/Packet Switching Concatenated Coding Convolution code 1/2, 1/3; turbo Forward Error Correction MC-CDMA or OFDM WCDMA/CDMA2000 Access 20 – 100 Mbps 385 Kbps - 2 Mbps Data Rate 100+ MHz 5 – 20 MHz Bandwidth

52. 4G RF/IF Architecture Example Source: http://www.mobileinfo.com/3G/4G_CommSystemArticle.htm

53. 4G Transreceiver Processing Example Source: http://www.mobileinfo.com/3G/4G_CommSystemArticle.htm

59. Back-up

60. 1 st Generation Analog Cellular Systems

61. 2 nd Generation Cellular and Cordless Systems

62. 3G WCDMA and CDMA2000 Standards

63. Cdma2000 Layered Structure

64. UMTS Spectrum Allocation

65. WCDMA Circuit Switched Protocols PHY Phy-up MAC RLC RRC MM CM ATM AAL2 FP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-UNI SSCOP PHY AAL5 SSCF-UNI ALCAP NBAP Phy-up MAC RLC RRC PHY ATM Q.2630.1 Q.2150.1 MTP3b SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 Iu UP AAL2 PHY ATM Q.2630.1 Q.2150.1 MTP3b SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 UE Node B RNC Core CODEC Iu UP AAL2 PHY ATM AAL2 FP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-UNI SSCOP PHY AAL5 SSCF-UNI ALCAP NBAP RANAP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-NNI SCCP MTP3B RANAP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-NNI MM CM SCCP MTP3B

66. WCDMA PACKET CONTROL PLANE PROTOCOLS Uu Iub Iu-ps SM GMM RRC RLC MAC-cd PHY-up FP FP PHY-up MAC-cd RLC RRC NBAP ALCAP ALCAP NBAP AAL2 SSSAR AAL2 SSSAR SAAL SAAL SAAL SAAL AAL5 AAL5 AAL5 AAL5 ATM ATM PHY PHY PHY CDMA PHY CDMA UE/MTE NODE B RNC SGSN

67. WCDMA PACKET USER PLANE PROTOCOLS IP RLC PDCP MAC PHY-up FP ALCAP PHY-up MAC RLC PDCP AAL2 SAAL AAL2 SAAL FP ALCAP ATM ATM PHY PHY PHY CDMA PHY CDMA UE/MTE NODE B RNC SGSN Uu Iub Iu-ps

68. HSDPA Protocol Architecture

69. IMS Architecture

71. Glossary 3GPP:3G Partnership Project AAA:Authentication, Authorization, Accounting AMR:Adaptive Multi Rate (Speech Codec) ANSI:American National Standards Institute ARIB:Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan) BRAN:Broadband Radio Access Network (HYPERLAN 2) 2.5 Mbps CAMEL:Customized Application for Mobile Enhanced Logic CDMA:Code Division Multiple Access CWTS: China Wireless Telecommunications Standards group (China) ECMA:European Computer Manufacturers Association EDGE:Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution ETSI:European Telecommunications Standards Institute FDD:Frequency Division Duplex FDMA:Frequency Division Multiple Access GGSN:Gateway GPRS Support Node GMSC:Gateway MSC GPRS:General Packet Radio Service GSM:Global System for Mobile communication GTP:GPRS Tunneling Protocol HIPERLAN:High Performance Radio Local Area Network HLR:Home Location Register HSCSD: High Speed Circuit Switched Data HYPERLAN: High Performance Radio Access network IMSI:International Mobile Subscriber Identity IMT:International Mobile Telecommunications ITU:International Telecommunications Union OVSF:Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor PDN:Public Data Network PLMN:Public Land Mobile Network PSTN:Public Switched Telephone Network QoS:Quality of Service RAB:Radio Access Bearer RNC:Radio Network Controller RRC:Radio Resource Control SGSN:Servicing GPRS Support Node SIM:Subscriber Identity Module TDD:Time Division Duplex TDMA:Time Division Multiple Access TTA:Telecommunications Technology Association (Korea) TTC:Telecommunications Technology Commission (Japan) UMTS:Universal Mobile Telecommunications System UTRAN:UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network VoIP:Voice over Internet Protocol WCDMA:Wideband Code Division Multiple Access WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network WPAN: Wireless Personal Area Network WWAN: Wireless Wide Area Network

72. References 1. www.3gpp.org 2. WCDMA for UMTS, Ed.: H. Holma and A. Toskala, John Wiley, 2001 3. UMTS - Mobile Communications for the Future, Ed. F.Muratore, John Wiley, 2001 4. WCDMA: Towards IP Mobility and Mobile Internet, Eds E.Djanpera and R.Prasad, Artech House, 2001 5. IS-95 CDMA and CDMA2000, V.K.Garg, Publishing House of Electronics Industry, Beijing, 2002 6. IP Telephony, O. Hersent, D. Gurle Et, and J-P Petit, Addison-Wesley, 2000 7. www.mobileinfo.com