มาดู Clause หรืออนุประโยค ที่ตัดเอาประธานออกเอามาแต่กริยาแล้วเปลี่ยนรูปให้เป็น -ing หรือ -ed (V3) จะมีหน้าตายังไง และวิธีใช้ใช้ยังไง ต่างจาก Relative Clause ที่เราเพิ่งเรียนกันไปในตอนที่ 6 ยังไง

1. ประโยคขั้นเทพ
Par
Participle
Clauses
Part 6
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3. V-ing
V3
object
prep. + object
noun
pronoun
V-ing (Gerund)
infinitive
participles

4. Participle clauses: -ing and –ed clauses
-ing clauses (ใช้บอกใครทำอะไร)
Do you know the woman who is talking to Wilai?
Do you know the woman talking to Wilai?
Police who are investigating the crime are
looking for two men.
Police investigating the crime are looking for
two men.
The road that joins the two villages is not wide
enough.
The road joining the two villages is not wide
enough.

5. Participle clauses: -ing and –ed clauses
-ed clauses (ใช้บอกใครถูกกระทำอะไร)
The man who was injured in the accident was taken
to hospital.
The man injured in the accident was taken to
hospital.
Many people who were invited to the party didn’t
come.
Many people invited to the party didn’t come.
Most of the goods which are made in this factory
are exported.
Most of the goods made in this factory are
exported.

6. Make one sentence from two. Use the information in brackets to make an –ing or
–ed clause.
1. I didn’t talk much to the man. (The man was sitting
next to me in the coffee shop.)
____________________________________________________
2. A new shopping mall has just opened in the town.
(The shopping mall employs 500 people.)
____________________________________________________
3. (A man was arrested by the police.) Does he work here?
____________________________________________________
4. (A glass was broken in the party last night.) It has
now been taken away.
____________________________________________________
I didn’t talk much the the man sitting next to me in the coffee shop.
A new shopping mall employing 500 people has just opened.
Does the man arrested by the police work here?
The glass broken in the party last night has now been taken away.

7. Complete the sentences using the verb in brackets. Make it an –ing or –ed
clause.
1. People ________ (live) near the airport are not
happy.
living
2. There was a tree _________ (blow) down in the storm
last night.
blown
3. I have a brother _________ (work) in a bank.working
4. I received a letter ________ (offer) me the job
three days after the interview.
offering
5. The paintings _________ (steal) from the museum
haven’t been found.
stolen