The document discusses the behaviorist theory of learning proposed by theorists Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner, and John Watson. Pavlov is known for his experiments with Pavlov's dogs and the concept of classical conditioning. Skinner introduced operant conditioning and the Skinner box. Watson proposed the theory of behaviorism and conducted experiments on conditioning emotions, such as with Little Albert. The behaviorist theory views learning as the acquisition of behaviors based on environmental stimuli and reinforcement or punishment.
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The behaviourist theory of learning
1.
2. John W Gardner (1912 – 2002)
“We think of the mind as a storehouse to be
filled when we should be thinking of it as an
instrument to be used.”
3. What is the Behaviourist Theory?
Learning is nothing more than the
acquisition of new behaviour based on
environmental conditions – linking a new
behaviour to a stimulus by providing
reinforcement after the correct behaviour is
produced.
7. Pavlov’s Theory
“Events that previously had no relation to a
given reflex could, through experience,
trigger a reflex.”
Fredholm, L. (2001). Pavlov’s Dog.
<http://nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/pavlov/readmore.html?print=1>
[accessed 29th March 2011]
10. Skinner’s Theory
“Changes in behaviour are the result of an
individual's response to events”
Kearsley, G. (2011), Explorations in Learning & Instruction: The Theory Into Practice
Database. <http://tip.psychology.org/skinner.html> [accessed 29th March 2011]
11. John Broadus Watson
American Psychologist
Coined the term "Behaviourism" in 1913
Famous for Little Albert experiments
12. Little Albert
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xt0ucx
OrPQE&feature=related
13. Watson’s Theory
“only observable events, and not mental
states, are the substance of psychology”
Epstein, R. (1987), John B Watson. <http://www.answers.com/topic/john-b-watson>
[accessed 29th March 2011]
14. Advantages of Behaviourism
Easily controlled by teacher
Some learners benefit from repetition
Rewards and punishments are clear
Ease of motivation
15. Disadvantages of Behaviourism
Ignores thought processes and emotions
Repetition may become boring
Totally teacher orientated
Little or no input from learners