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5. Although a cell is
mostly water, the rest
of the cell consists
mostly of carbon-
based molecules
Organic chemistry is
the study of carbon
compounds
6. Each type of organic
molecule has a unique
three-dimensional
shape
The shape determines
its function in an
organism
7. Large molecules are
called polymers
Polymers are built
from smaller
molecules called
monomers
Biologists call them
macromolecules
11. Lipids are hydrophobic –”water fearing”
Includes fats,
waxes, steroids,
& oils
FAT MOLECULE
12. Fats store energy, which helps to insulate the
body, and cushion and protect organs
13. Proteins are polymers made of monomers
called amino acids
All proteins are made of 20 different amino acids
linked in different orders
Proteins are used to build cells, act as hormones
& enzymes, and do much of the work in a cell
15. Nucleic acids
are polymers
of nucleotides
Phosphate
BaseSugar
Nucleotide
Sugar
(deoxyribose)
Phosphate
group
Thymine (T)
Nitrogenous base
(A,G,C, or T)