Full Stack Development With Node.Js And NoSQL (Nic Raboy & Arun Gupta)

Full Stack Development with
Node.js and NoSQL
Nic Raboy (@nraboy)
Arun Gupta (@arungupta)

©2015 Couchbase Inc. 2
The Role of a Full Stack Developer

Application Stacks

The Power of the Flexible JSON Schema
• Ability to store data in
multiple ways
• De-normalized single
document, as opposed to
normalizing data across
multiple table
• Dynamic Schema to add new
values when needed

Where is NoSQL a Good Fit?
Low-latency Critical
High Throughput or Large Numbers of Users
Unknown Demand with Sudden growth
Predominantly Direct Document Access
Read / Mixed / Write-heavy Workloads
Traditional Business Applications
Transaction-heavy Apps
Legacy Hardware
Full ACID support
Web / Mobile / IoT Legacy Business Apps

What is Couchbase?
Couchbase is a distributed operational database that enables you to
develop with agility and operate at any scale.
Managed Cache Key-Value Store Document Database Embedded Database Sync Management

Develop with Agility
Easier, Faster Development Flexible Data Modeling Powerful Querying
SQL Integration & Migration Big Data Integration Mobile / IoT

Operate at Any Scale
Elastic Scalability Consistent High Performance Always-on Availability
Multi-Data Center Deployment Simple, Powerful Administration Enterprise Grade Security

Couchbase Developer

Couchbase integrates with the Big Data ecosystem

Couchbase Server – Single Node Architecture
 Data Service – builds and maintains
local view indexes
 Indexing Engine – builds and
maintains Global Secondary Indexes
 Query Engine – plans, coordinates,
and executes queries against either
Global or Local view indexes
 Cluster Manager – configuration,
heartbeat, statistics, RESTful
Management interface

Simplified Administration
• Online upgrades and operations
• Built-in enterprise classAdmin Console
• RESTfulAPIs

Accessing Data From Couchbase
Key access using Document ID
• Operations are extremely fast
with consistent low latency
• Reads and writes are evenly
distributed across Data Service
nodes
• Data is cached in built-in
Managed Caching layer and
stored in persistent storage layer
Queries using N1QL
• SQL-like : SELECT * FROM
WHERE, LIKE, GROUP, etc.,
• JOINs
• Powerful Extensions (nest,
unnest) for JSON to support
nested and hierarchical data
structures.
• Multiple access paths –Views
and global secondary indexes
• ODBC/JDBC drivers available
Views using static queries
• Pre-computed complex Map-
Reduce queries
• Incrementally updated to
power analytics, reporting
and dashboards
• Strong for complex custom
aggregations

The Couchbase Node.js SDK
 Uses the high performance Couchbase C library
 Compatible with Node.js frameworks
– Express, Sails, Etc.
 Minimal coding
– No database maintenance via code
– No parsing queries via application code

Building Applications with Node.js SDK
//including the Node.js dependency
var Couchbase = require(”couchbase");
//connecting to a Couchbase cluster
var cluster = new Couchbase.Cluster("couchbase://localhost:8091");
//opening a bucket in the cluster
var myBucket = cluster.openBucket("travel-sample", "");
//preparing N1ql
var myQuery = Couchbase.N1qlQuery();
//creating and saving a Document
var document = {
firstname: "Nic",
lastname: "Raboy"
};
myBucket.insert("my-key", document, function(error, result) {});

Node.js
function query(sql, done) {
var queryToRun = myQuery.fromString(sql);
myBucket.query(queryToRun, function(error, result) {
if(error) {
console.log(“ERROR: “, error);
done(error, null);
return;
}
done(null, result);
return;
});
}

Node.js
if(error) {
done(error, null);
return;
}
done(null, result);
return;
});
}

The CEAN Stack

Stack Design
AngularJS
Client Frontend
Node.js
Server Backend

Node.js Separation of Frontend and Backend
 No Jade markup
 API driven
 Less client and server coupling
 The backend can evolve without affecting the frontend
 Frontend can be extended to web as well as mobile

Multiple Frontends & One Backend

The Node.js Backend

Node.js Configuration
// config.json
{
"couchbase": {
"server": "couchbase://localhost",
"bucket": "restful-sample"
}
}

// Project’s app.js file
var express = require("express");
var bodyParser = require("body-parser");
var couchbase = require("couchbase");
var path = require("path");
var config = require("./config");
var app = express();

// app.js continued…
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true }));
module.exports.bucket = (new
couchbase.Cluster(config.couchbase.server)).openBucket(config.couchbase.bucket);
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, "public")));
var routes = require("./routes/routes.js")(app);
var server = app.listen(3000, function () {
console.log("Listening on port %s...", server.address().port);
});

Node.js Create or Update Endpoint
// routes.js
app.post("/api/create", function(req, res) {
if(!req.body.firstname) {
return res.status(400).send({"status": "error", "message": ”First Name?"});
}
// …
RecordModel.create(req.body, function(error, result) {
if(error) {
return res.status(400).send(error);
}
res.send(result);
});
});

Node.js Get Document Endpoint
// routes.js continued…
app.get("/api/get", function(req, res) {
if(!req.query.document_id) {
return res.status(400).send({"status": "error", "message": ”Document ID?"});
}
RecordModel.getByDocumentId(req.query.document_id, function(error, result) {
if(error) {
}
res.send(result);
});
});

Node.js Delete Endpoint
// routes.js continued…
app.post("/api/delete", function(req, res) {
if(!req.body.document_id) {
return res.status(400).send({"status": "error", "message": ”ID?"});
}
RecordModel.delete(req.body.document_id, function(error, result) {
if(error) {
}
res.send(result);
});
});

Node.js Upsert Document Function
// recordmodel.js
RecordModel.save = function(data, callback) {
var jsonObject = {
type: “user”,
firstname: data.firstname,
lastname: data.lastname,
email: data.email
}
var documentId = data.document_id ? data.document_id : uuid.v4();
db.upsert(documentId, jsonObject, function(error, result) {
if(error) {
return callback(error, null);
}
callback(null, {message: "success", data: result});
});
}

Couchbase JSON Document

Node.js Get Document with N1QL Function
// recordmodel.js continued…
RecordModel.getByDocumentId = function(documentId, callback) {
var statement = "SELECT firstname, lastname, email " +
"FROM `" + config.couchbase.bucket + "` AS users " +
"WHERE META(users).id = $1";
var query = N1qlQuery.fromString(statement);
db.query(query, [documentId], function(error, result) {
if(error) {
}
callback(null, result);
});
};

Node.js Delete Document Function
// recordmodel.js continued…
RecordModel.delete = function(documentId, callback) {
db.remove(documentId, function(error, result) {
if(error) {
callback(error, null);
return;
}
callback(null, {message: "success", data: result});
});
};

The AngularJS Frontend

Get all documents
// AngularJS app.js
$scope.fetchAll = function() {
$http(
{
method: "GET",
url: "/api/getAll"
}
)
.success(function(result) {
for(var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
$scope.items[result[i].id] = result[i];
}
});
}

Save a document
// AngularJS app.s
$scope.save = function(firstname, lastname, email) {
$http(
{
method: "POST",
url: "/api/save",
data: {
firstname: firstname,
lastname: lastname,
email: email,
document_id: $stateParams.documentId
}
}
)
}

More Complex Node.js Queries

Node.jsTravel Sample
FlightPath.findAll = function(from, to, callback) {
var statement = "SELECT faa AS fromAirport, geo " +
"FROM `" + config.couchbase.bucket + "` r" +
"WHERE airportname = $1 " +
"UNION SELECT faa AS toAirport, geo " +
"WHERE airportname = $2";
db.query(query, [from, to], function(error, result) {
if(error) {
}
});
};

Node.jsTravel Sample
FlightPath.findAll = function(queryFrom, queryTo, leave, callback) {
var statement = "SELECT r.id, a.name, s.flight, s.utc, r.sourceairport,
r.destinationairport, r.equipment " +
"UNNEST r.schedule s " +
"JOIN `" + config.couchbase.bucket + "` a ON KEYS r.airlineid " +
"WHERE r.sourceairport = $1 AND r.destinationairport = $2 AND s.day = $3
”
"ORDER BY a.name";
db.query(query, [queryFrom, queryTo, leave], function(error, result) {
if(error) {
}
});
};

Node.js Sample Applications
https://github.com/couchbaselabs/try-cb-nodejs
https://github.com/couchbaselabs/restful-angularjs-nodejs

Couchbase N1QLTutorial
http://query.pub.couchbase.com/tutorial/

Ottoman ODM

Ottoman Model
var RecordModel = ottoman.model("Record", {
firstname: {type: "string”},
lastname: {type: "string"},
email: {type: "string"},
created_at: {type: “Date”, default: Date.now}
});

Ottoman Saving
var myRecord = new RecordModel({
firstname: “Nic”,
lastname: “Raboy”,
email: “nic@couchbase.com”
});
myRecord.save(function(error) {
if(error) {
// Error here
}
// Success here
});

Ottoman Finding
RecordModel.find({}, function(error, result) {
if(error) {
// Error here
}
// Array of results here
});

Couchbase Mobile

Couchbase Lite
Embedded NoSQL Database
Sync Gateway
Secure Synchronization
Couchbase
Server
Cloud NoSQL Database
Couchbase Mobile

Couchbase Lite
Full Featured
Lightweight
Native
Secure
JSON

Sync Gateway
Secure
Synchronization
Authentication
Data Read Access
Data Write Access

Couchbase Server
Highly scalable
High Performance
Always on
JSON

Couchbase Lite
 NoSQL Mobile database
 Runs in-process
 Small footprint

var database = new Couchbase("nraboy-database");
var documentId = database.createDocument({
"firstname": "Nic",
"lastname": "Raboy",
"address": {
"city": "San Francisco",
"state": "CA",
"country": "USA"
}
"twitter": "https://www.twitter.com/nraboy"
});

Map Reduce Indexes
• Building indexes in your native language
• Results are persisted for fast querying
• Just set breakpoints to debug

// Create an index
database.createView("people", "1", function(document, emitter) {
if(document.twitter) {
emitter.emit(document._id, document);
}
});
// Now query it
var rows = database.executeQuery("people");
for(var i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
// print row[i]
}

Change Notifications
Change notifications
• Listen for changes
• Cuts down on a ton of cruft code
• Data, queries, replications – even documents

database.addDatabaseChangeListener(function(changes) {
for(var i = 0; i < changes.length; i++) {
if(!changes[i].isConflict()) {
console.log(changes[i].getDocumentId());
}
}
});

Sync
Sync
• Full multi-master replication
• Ability to minimize battery drain
• Change notifications and conflict detection

var push = database.createPushReplication("http://syncgateway");
var pull = database.createPullReplication("http://syncgateway");
push.setContinuous(true);
pull.setContinuous(true);
push.start();
pull.start();

JCenter
Maven
Central
NPM
Github

What is Couchbase?

Where do you find us?
• developer.couchbase.com
• blog.couchbase.com
• @couchbasedev or @couchbase
• forums.couchbase.com
• stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/couchbase

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Full Stack Development With Node.Js And NoSQL (Nic Raboy & Arun Gupta)

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