Gender Me Softly – Marina Rossi @ Torino (April 9th, 2017)
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Workshop about the importance of gender representation in game design. Organised by T-Union (http://t-union.it). A perspective on how gender roles influence the game design process. As creators, we have a responsibility and we should always keep in mind the effects of our artefacts, and we should try to understand how they impact on our world. This workshop will highlight some bad and good practices in game design with a focus on how gender is represented in games.
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Gender Me Softly – Marina Rossi @ Torino (April 9th, 2017)
- 2. {ME}
- 3. Bad feminist and inclusivity advocate. Game design ninja and project manager. Overthinker and detail oriented. INFJ. Constantly fighting analysis paralysis. Event curator at Game Happens. Co-founder at Contralto Game Collective.
- 11. gamecollective.it Milan-based game collective working on inclusive, experimental, and culturally relevant forms of play.
- 12. {GENDER}
- 13. SEX Sex refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women. Different biological characteristics include: sex chromosomes, genitalia, hormones, gonads, anatomy, body hair, voice pitch… Sex is assigned at birth.
- 14. SEX Sex can be: female, male, intersex. Intersex: 1 in 100 births have variations and do not fit the typical definitions for male or female bodies. Germany is the first European country that recognises “indeterminate” sex on birth certificates, which is materialised by the absence of any gender marker.
- 15. GENDER Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. Not all cultures have strictly defined gender roles. Different gender characteristics may vary greatly between human societies. Nepal, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh have all legally recognised the existence of a third gender, hijra.
- 16. GENDER A transgender person is someone who has a gender identity that differs from their assigned sex. A cisgender person is someone who has a gender identity that correspond to their assigned sex. It is not ok to ask about how body parts looks like, what is their dead name, call them with the wrong pronoun. It’s ok to ask their preferred pronoun.
- 17. HSBC’s 10 gender-neutral titles (UK) Ind M Mx Misc Mre Msr Myr Pr Sai Ser
- 18. Facebook’s 71 gender options (US/UK) Agender Androgyne Androgynes Androgynous Bigender Cis Cis Female Cis Male Cis Man Cis Woman Cisgender Cisgender Female Cisgender Male Cisgender Man Cisgender Woman Female to Male FTM Gender Fluid Gender Nonconforming Gender Questioning Gender Variant Genderqueer Intersex Male to Female MTF Neither Neutrois Non-binary Other Pangender Trans Trans Female Trans Male Trans Man Trans Person Trans*Female Trans*Male Trans*Man Trans*Person Trans*Woman Transexual Transexual Female Transexual Male Transexual Man Transexual Person Transexual Woman Transgender Female Transgender Person Transmasculine Two-spirit Asexual Female to male trans man Female to male transgender man Female to male transsexual man F2M Gender neutral Hermaphrodite Intersex man Intersex person Intersex woman Male to female trans woman Male to female transgender woman Male to female transsexual woman Man M2F Polygender T* man T* woman Two* person Two-spirit person Woman
- 19. SEXUAL ORIENTATION Sexual orientation is a person's sexual identity in relation to the gender to which they are attracted. Generally we use three categories: heterosexuality, homosexuality, bisexuality. But we have also pansexuality and asexuality. Gender ≠ Sexual orientation
- 26. {NORM}
- 29. – Kevin Gannon History is not just stuff that happens by accident. We are the products of history that our ancestors choose, if we’re white. If we are black, we are the products of the history that our ancestors mostly likely did not choose.
- 31. Source: vox.com
- 32. Source: vox.com
- 33. Source: vox.com
- 35. PRIVILEGE When a certain category is considered the norm. Usually in regard to age, disability, race gender, sexual orientation, religion, social class… Intersectionality: all aspects of our identities – whether those aspects are oppressed or privileged by society – interact with one another. Privilege is not wealth. It’s not earned, but it’s not an accusation. It’s the other face of oppression.
- 37. CULTURAL APPROPRIATION Appropriation occurs when a style leads to racist generalisations or stereotypes where it originated but is deemed as high-fashion, cool or funny when the privileged take it for themselves.
- 41. {LANGUAGE}
- 44. PLAYER ≠ MAN
- 45. PERSON ≠ MAN
- 46. HUMANITY ≠ MEN
- 47. MAN ≠ DEFAULT
- 48. AVOID HE / HIM / HIS
- 49. AVOID HE / SHE
- 51. TO BOLDLY GO
- 52. TO BOLDLY GO WHERE NO MAN
- 53. TO BOLDLY GO WHERE NO MAN HAS GONE BEFORE
- 54. TO BOLDLY GO WHERE NO ONE HAS GONE BEFORE
- 55. {ADVERTISING}
- 56. – Sut Jhally That is, there is simply not enough diversity in the stories of sexuality that circulate in the culture because the commercial, male, heterosexual, pornographic imagination monopolizes virtually all of our media terrain.
- 58. Hitman (2006)
- 64. GAMING VS. WOMEN
- 65. Nothing else matters – Sega Saturn (1996)
- 66. Neo Geo (1990s)
- 67. For Men – Game Boy Advance SP (2003)
- 68. Sleeping Beauty – PlayStation 2 (2005)
- 69. Kama Sutra – PlayStation 2 (2005)
- 70. NO GIRLS ALLOWED
- 72. For Men – Game Boy Advance SP (2003)
- 73. ”My name is Dianna Agron and I am not a gamer.” – Nintendo 3DS (2012)
- 74. ”My name is Dianna Agron and I am not a gamer.” – Nintendo 3DS (2012)
- 75. {GAMES}
- 78. – Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie The single story creates stereotypes, and the problem with stereotypes is not that they are untrue, but that they are incomplete. They make one story become the only story.
- 81. Photo credits: Bandai Namco Entertainment
- 83. Photo credits: Naughty Dog
- 84. Photo credits: Rockstar Games
- 85. Photo credits: Rockstar Games
- 93. Male White Cisgender Straight Middle-class Able-bodied Neurotypical Photo credits: gamerant.com Hero
- 108. 2012 Game Industry 12% female Source: GDC
- 111. 2017 State of the Industry Survey 78% male 20% female 2% other Source: GDC
- 113. Source: ESA
- 116. – Geoffrey Zatkin Games with a female only protagonist, got half the spending of female optional, and only 40 percent of the marketing budget of male-led games.
- 117. STEREOTYPES DISCRIMINATION & OPPRESSION PREJUDICE INTERNALISED OPPRESSION
- 118. – Sut Jhally The question if not whether an image is good or bad, the question is whose story is being told? Who’s eyes do we see the world through? Who’s eyes do we not see the world through?
- 119. {CREATORS}
- 121. – Elizabeth Sampat No one else has your exact lived experience, and when you bring your lived experience into a game in a real and intimate way, you create a game that no one else could make.
- 122. Nina Freeman, 2016
- 123. Cibele Nina Freeman, 2016
- 124. Zoë Quinn
- 125. Depression Quest Zoë Quinn, 2013
- 126. Anna Anthropy
- 127. dys4ia Anna Anthropy, 2012
- 128. Mordechai Buckman
- 129. Gamer Mom Mordechai Buckman, 2012
- 130. Merritt Kopas
- 131. LIM Merritt Kopas, 2012
- 132. Amy Dentata
- 133. 10 Seconds in Hell Amy Dentata, 2013
- 134. Trigger Amy Dentata, 2015
- 135. Nicky Case
- 136. Coming out Simulator 2014 Nicky Case, 2014
- 137. Mattie Brice
- 138. Mainichi Mattie Brice, 2012
- 139. {CHARACTERS}
- 141. Watch Dogs 2 Ubisoft, 2016
- 142. Fragments of Him SassyBot Studio, 2016
- 144. Portal Valve Corporation, 2007
- 145. GLADOS Portal (Valve Corporation, 2007)
- 146. Gone Home The Fullbright Company, 2013
- 147. SAM GREENBRIAR Gone Home (The Fullbright Company, 2013)
- 148. SOMA Frictional Games, 2015
- 149. DR. CATHERINE CHUN SOMA (Frictional Games, 2015)
- 150. Firewatch Campo Santo, 2016
- 151. DELILAH Firewatch (Campo Santo, 2016)
- 155. Bound Plastic, 2016
- 156. Life Is Strange Dontnod Entertainment, 2015
- 157. Never Alone One Games, 2014
- 158. Night in the Woods Infinite Fall, 2017
- 161. Lifeline Three Minute Games, 2015
- 164. All of the choices in the game are binary choices: you make a choice to go left or right, [gender] is a choice that we asked the player to make without actually asking them to. It's silent and implicit, but it gives the player ownership over how they view Taylor. – George Orwell
- 165. Abzû Giant Squid, 2016
- 167. Borderlands 2 2K Games, 2012
- 168. Dominique Pamplemousse Squinky, 2013
- 170. Fallen London Failbetter Games, 2009
- 172. Sunless Sea Failbetter Games, 2015
- 174. DIVERSITY IS THE KEY
- 175. {CONCLUSIONS}
- 176. WHY SHOULD IT MATTER TO ME?
- 177. IF IT DOESN’T, YOU ARE PART OF THE PROBLEM
- 178. – George Orwell The opinion that art should have nothing to do with politics is itself a political attitude.
- 179. We Become What We Behold Nicky Case, 2016
- 185. OK, SHOULD I BE WORRIED?
- 186. REAL-WORLD EFFECTS
- 188. The Birth of a Nation DW Griffith, 1915
- 191. TODAY’S REAL-WORLD
- 192. Gunshow KC Green, 2013
- 196. – Howard Zinn You can't be neutral on a moving train.
- 197. {TEAM WORK}
- 198. Choose a default white male playable character and change at least 1 (up to 3) characteristics. How does this change affect the story and / or the gameplay of the game? Team work #1
- 199. Choose a game series. Create a new character for the next installment. List as many characteristics as possible. How does the character’s background affect the story and / or the gameplay of the game? Team work #2
- 200. DISCUSS
- 201. {WHAT’S NEXT?}
- 202. 13th (Ava DuVernay, 2016) The Codes of Gender (Sut Jhally, 2010) Dreamworlds (Sut Jhally, 2007) GTFO (Shannon Sun-Higginson, 2015) Joystick Warriors (Sut Shaley, 2013) The Mask You Live In (Jennifer Siebel Newsom, Jessica Congdon 2015) Tropes vs. Women in Video Games (Anita Sarkeesian, 2013) Films & Video Series
- 203. It's Pronounced Metrosexual We Become What We Behold (Nicky Case, 2016) LOOPY (Nicky Case, 2017) Other Resources
- 204. Play games created, designed, written, programmed by a woman or by someone of underrepresented gender, race, sexual identity,… Read articles or books written by women or someone of underrepresented gender, race, sexual identity,… Include women or someone of underrepresented gender, race, sexual identity,… both in participants and decision makers. To Do