2. “Definition of economic
anthropology”
• Economic anthropology is a field that attempts
to explain human economic Behaviour,it is
practiced by anthropologist & has a complex
relationship with the discipline of economics.
• It origins a subfield of anthropology began with
work by polish founder of anthropology
“Bronislaw Malinowski” & the French “Marcel
mass” on the nature of reciprocity as an
alternative to market exchange.
4. “Formalism”
• Adam smith is a economists that he gave
his views about formalism.
• The debate started in 1960 about formalism
• In formalism individual make a choice which
is based on rationality, they focus on the
resources available to the people.
• The formalist motive is to making profit, only
think about their own benefit & advantage
never talk about the other people.
• Formalist definition is only based on
individual because when you economize in
terms of limited resources.
5. “Substantivism”
• Karl Polanyi give his points about substantivism.
• Substantivist don’t have individual choice, they have
reciprocity & redistribution system.
• Substantivist believe on mans & environment
relationship & hold economy together.
• Polanyi said pre industrial society, economic can well be
understand in social terms not in economic. .
• For ex. .In previous or primitive society people believed
on exchange Systems,bartering,which relates people
relations with other tribes strongly. .
• In this era, in some rural areas people gives respect and
honor to their guest. .
6. “I conducted three in-
depth interviews”
Religious person. .(imam of the
mosque)
Labour. .(a truck driver)
Economist. .(a Forman of Sapphire
mill)
7. “Religious person”
o Imam of the masjid,he earn money from this profession & the separate
fund for the construction of mosque & for widows, needy people.
o He said that in our religion choose the both economy and sympathy,
feelings get together with atadal. .
o I agree with your statement,that in previous societies, believed on
exchange system this is a good way for social relation & interaction. .
o Therefore I organized a masjid committee in which all the members sit
together & sought out the problems of the people and help these people
financially
o In my profession rationality cant exist.
o I believed on reciprocity among the people.
o So this participant support substantivism.
8. “Labour”
• I am a truck driver, the owner of the truck pay money after a
week, his behavior is polite with all. .
• Because I think respect &love from other is better than money.
• After my expenditure, the rupees left behind, i give this for masjid
fund, because the satisfaction is important than money.
• I following the ancestors rules of joint family system, it becomes a
bond with all of us & share our feelings,thaughts,problems with
them, i think this is a small a reciprocity system. .(Ha-ha)
• I support substantivism because this is a better way for this life
and the other life which is after death. .
• Ok that’s end daughter now I have to go. .
9. “Economist”
• I am a Forman at mill, under my grade different labours work, I deal with
them.
• As a Forman,i follow all the rules and regulation which are given from my
company.
• I cant concern with their problems because follow the rules strictly.
• If any one can get leave for some problem, its upon him i get permission but i
cut some rupees fro their salary,behaviouer with my workers are not too harsh.
• I donate a part of my salary to small domestic foundation
• I respect these workers but what can I do its my job. I make profitable my
company & get promotion,
• The relationship with society no too bad, I am a bound in my job, therefore me
met with others on different occasion.
• In first day of my job only talk about how we get input,output,production
distribution only focused on the job, therefore the majority of people called us
they have no feelings what,whaat. . .
• I personally believed on substantivist,because in this whole life we need people
and people need us but my job makes me formalist
• So its upon you researcher? Select me in which approach (hahaha). .
10. My support to which approach?
• I support the reciprocity system, means substantivism because this approach is not
rationalize, no individualism, no earn or gain, what we invest or get, not even talk
about the out put or input.
• In substantivist we have a relationship or interaction with society, man connect with
the enivornment,surroundings
• In this world ever rich man give the part of their money for humanity, education &
others..
• For:ex Bill gates gives 80 billion dollars per year for the foundations only for
education.
• And our humble & noble hero Abdul Sattar edhi collects millions of funds for they save
the life of needy or poor children's in whole he not spend one penny upon him.
• These people do this not for get sympathy, this only for satisfaction. .because god
choose these people for humanity and spread a small but strong message to other,
believing on giving or sharing not individualism and relate your self with society.
