1. Work Elaboreted by:
Rita Galrito nº3
Filipe Carrajola nº
Inês Pombo nº11
Madalena Bochechas
nº18

3. Direct speech
• Affirmative
→ verb (infinitive without “to”)
• e.g.: Eat your soup!

4. • Negative
→ Don’t + verb (infinitive without “to”)
• e.g.: Don’t eat that candy!

5. Reported Speech
• Affirmative:
→ subject + told + object + verb
(infinitive with “to”)
● e.g. He told him to eat his soup.

6. • Negative:
→ Subject + told + object + not + verb
(infinitive with “to”)
• e.g. He told him not to eat his soup.

7. Attention!
told + object – he told me to eat my
soup.
• Said + no object – he said to eat my
soup.
• Said + to + object – he said to me.

8. Subject
I
Object
Me
You
You
He
Him
She
Her
We
Us
You
You
They
Them

9. • Use the imperative to give a direct
order, to give instructions, to make an
invitation, signs and notices, to give
friendly informal advice and “more
polite” by adding “do”
• e.g. Do be quiet!

11. Direct speech
• Affirmative:
• Subject +
verb
• Regular verbs
+ ed → watch – watched
+d
→ care – cared
+ ied → study – studied
+ double consonant + ed →
stop – stopped

12. • Irregular verbs
different form →
See – saw;
be – was/were;
have - had

13. • Negative:
Subject + didn’t + verb (infinitive without
“to”)

14. • Use the past simple for events in the
past that are now finished, situation in
the past and a series of actions in the
past.
• Expressions: Yesterday, last (night),
(two days) ago, the other day, just
now, the day before yesterday

15. Reported speech
Direct speech  Peter: “I lived in New York
for 10 years.”
Reported speech  Peter said he had lived
in New York for 10 years.
Past Perfect

16. Exercises - Imperative
• Now you have to read a sentence and
write with the same meaning.
example: “Listen carefully”, he said to
us. He told us to listen carefully.

17. 1. “Eat more fruit and vegetables”, the
doctor said.
The doctor said to eat more fruit
and vegetables.
2. “Read the instructions before you switch
on the machine”, he said to me.
He told me to read the instructions before
he switched on the machine.

18. 3. “Shut the door but don’t lock it”, she said
to us.
She told us to shut the door but not to lock it.
4. “Don’t come before 6 o’clock”, I said to
him.
I told him not to come before 6 o’clock.

19. Exercises – Past Simple
• Pass the direct speech for the reported
speech
Example: “I drank water.” He said he
had drunk water.

20. 1.“She came on time.”
1.“
They said she had come on time.
2.“I saw you in the mall.”
2.“
She said that she had seen him in the mall.

21. 3.Steve: “I visited my grandmother two days
3.
ago.”
Steve said that she had seen him in the mall.
4.She said: “I moved here in September.”
4.
She said that she had moved there in September.