Provides insights based on domain stakeholder information in an integrated portfolio to support effective decision-making in modernizing the National Airspace System

1. Re-balancing NextGen to
Transform the
National Airspace System
Ron Stroup
Chief Systems Engineer
Federal Aviation Administration
NAS Implementation Harmonization, ANG-D3
Ronald.L.Stroup@faa.gov
202 385-6721 August 15, 2013
Facilitating the evolution of ideas to operations
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

2. NextGen Challenges are not new
In the early days of High Definition (HD) television, if a consumer wanted an
HD experience, he or she went out and bought an HD TV and cables. There
was a noticeable improvement in image resolution relative to older models,
but it was not as great as advertisers claimed. To get the full HD experience,
one needs an HD receiver, an HD transmission from a local service provider,
and the original programming available in HD (The HD Ecosystem).
The transformation to NextGen is analogous to the HD transformation; there
are services and capabilities across the airborne, airspace, air traffic and
airport domains enables by technologies, procedures, policies and systems
that must be incorporated into the broader air transportation system to enable
benefits.
To experience the full benefits of NextGen, all stakeholders (i.e., operators,
airframe and avionics manufacturers, the Air Navigation Service Provider,
and airport operators and users) need to be involved in the planning,
development, and implementation phases of this transformation
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

3. Airports
ATC
Cross-Cutting
Factors
• Environmental
• Safety
• Information
Security
• Economic
• International
• Regulation
Private Sector
FAA (USG)
Local entities
Legend: Equity
Airspace
Aircraft
D
o
m
a
i
n
Enablers
• People
• Procedures
• Technology
• Data/Information
• Policy
NextGen Operations
Understanding the NAS Ecosystem
Measurable
Benefits
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

4. Where Success Occurs
Success
only
occurs
here.
ANSP
Infrastructure
Airplane
Capabilities
Airports
Infrastructure
• There are four key questions:
– Where does the air transportation
community want to go?
– What is needed to achieve the
NextGen vision?
– What is there to leverage today?
– How best can NextGen capabilities be
implemented?
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

5. Where does the Air Transportation
Community want to Go?
Operational
Stakeholders
Stakeholders
Needs
Shared
Philosophy
Stakeholder
Outcomes
Airborne AirportsAir Traffic
Customer
Service
System
Capacity
Operational
Efficiency
Better Schedule Reliability
Improved System and Airport Flow Management
Apply Preferred Trajectories Operations
Implement Mixed Performance Management (BEBS)
Reduce System Uncertainty
Maximize the total value of the NAS by exploiting
stakeholder synergies to optimize the performance of
the shared environment for both the “transition period”
and “future state”.
Low Visibility Taxi, Takeoff,
Landing
RNAV/RNP Approaches
RNAV Routes
RNAV SIDS & STAR’s
Sequencing, Merging,
Spacing
CSPO Arrivals &
Departures
System
Safety
Improve System Safety
OPD’s
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

6. What is needed to achieve the
NextGen Vision?
Strategy: Leverage existing capabilities to support user-defined
NextGen operations to enable users to accrue benefits today, while
providing a systemic pathway to transform the NAS and capture
greater benefits tomorrow
Ideas to Operations Analysis:
1) Define terms for common reference, then conducting an assessment of the
operations NAS users identified during outreach activities.
2) Evaluated each operational instantiation to define the trade space for each
operation, for the purpose of identifying opportunities to leverage existing
equipage and emerging technologies.
3) Map the operations to supporting domain capabilities and enabling elements.
4) Conducted a gap analysis to compare what we have with what we need with
regard to equipment, capabilities, technologies, procedures, regulations and
training
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

7. What is there too Leverage Today?
The Gap Analysis allowed us to bucket the user-defined operations with
evolving suites of technologies.
We were able to then develop domain (airborne, air traffic, and airport
readiness sheets to begin to identify opportunities to leverage existing
capabilities while deriving a pathway for the future
The next set of slides represents the domain readiness profile.
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.
Legend Meaning
Fully Configured with Enablers
Partially Configured with Enablers
Not Configured with Enablers

8. 8
FleetCapabilityReadiness
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

9. NASCapabilityReadiness
OPERATIONAL TIMEFRAME LEGACY NEAR EMERGING ADVANCED
NextGen Operations vs NSIP Readiness
Master DRAFT Ver 1.0
Updated: 8/6/2012
LowVisibilityTaxiRVR<600ft
LowVisibilityTakeoffRVR>300ft/75m
LowVisLdgat/belowCATI
OptimizedProfileDescent
RNAVSIDS
RNAV/RNPRoutesRNAVSTARS
RNAV/RNPApproachRNAV/RNPApproachw/CurvedPath
RNAV/RNPRouteswithTBC
RNAV/RNPSIDSw/Lat&VertConstraints
OPDw/curvedRNPPaths
RNAVSTARSw/CurvedPathandTBC
RNPIndependentCSPODeparture<4300ft
IndependentCSPOApproach<4300ft
RNPIndependentCSPOApp<2500ft
LowVisLdgusingEFVS/SVSto<CATII/III
Sequence,Merging,andSpacingEnRoute
Sequencing,Merging,andSpacingTerm
LowVisibilityTakeoffRVR<300ft/75m
RNPIndependentCSPODeparture<2500ft
Capability LevelOperational Improvements (OI's)
CATM - 105208- TMI with flight specific trajectories
CATM - 105302- Continuous Flight Day Evaluaton
CATM - 101102- Full Flight Plan Constraint Evaluation with Feedback
CATM - 108212- Management of Special Activity Airspace
CATM - 103305- On-Demand NAS Information
CATM - 105207- Full Collaborative Decision Making
CATM / HD- 104208 - Enhanced Departure Flow Operations
FLEX - 102406 - Full Surface Situation Information
FLEX - 103207 - Runway Safety Situational Awareness for Controllers
FLEX - 103208 - Runway Safety Situational Awareness for Pilots
FLEX - 104207 - Enhanced Surface Traffic Operations
FLEX - 102140 - Wake Turbulence for Departures
FLEX - 104124 - Optimized Profile Descent
FLEX - 107107 - Ground-Based Augmentation Sys Precision Approaches
FLEX - 107117 - Low Visibility/Ceiling Approach Operations
FLEX - 107118 - Low Visibility/Ceiling Landing Operations
FLEX - 107119 - Expanded Low Vis using Lower RVR Minima
FLEX - 102154 - Wake Re-categorization
FLEX - 107202 - Low Visibility Surface Operations
FLEX - 102144 - Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Arrivals CSPR's
FLEX - 107115 - Low Visibility/Ceiling Takeoff Operations
HD - 104209- Initial Surface Traffic Management
HD - 104123- Time Based Metering using RNAV/RNP Route Assignments
HD - 104117- Management of Arrival/Surface/Departure Flow Operations
HD - 102141- Parallel Runway Operations
HD - 104122- Integrated Arrival/Departure Airspace Management
HD - 104128- Time-Based Metering in Terminal Environment
TBO - 104120- Point in Space Metering
TBO - 108209- Increase Capacity/Efficiency using RNAV/RNP
TBO - 102137- Automation Support for Separation Management
TBO - 102108- Oceanic In-Trail Climb and Descent
TBO - 104102- Flexible Entry Time for Oceanic Tracks
TBO - 102114- Initial Conflict Resolution Advisory
TBO - 102118- Delegated Responsibility for In-Trail Separation
TBO - 108206- Flexible Airspace Management
WX - 103119 - Integration of WX into Automation and Decision-Making
WX - 103116 - Improved WX Information from non-ground based sensors
SSE - 109302 - Operational Security Capability
FAC - 109402- Remotely Staffed Tower Services
FAC - 109405- Business Continuity Services
104115- Tactical Management of Flow in the Enroute Arrival/Departures
107103- RNAV SIDs/STARs and Approaches
Legend
Capability implemeneted (Minimum Requirement)
Capability Planned Near and Mid-term (Minimum Requirement)
Capability under analysis (Minimum Requirement)
Legacy:
Comm: Voice Radios Comm:Voice Radios Comm: Voice Comm: Voice, DC Seg 1-2(ATN)
Automation: HOST, ERAM (Optional), STARS, ARTS, MICROEARTS Automation: HOST/ERAM (Optional), TMA, Automation: ERAM P3, TAMR P3, Automation: ENROUTE/TERM AUTOMATION
STARS, ARTS II/IIIE, CATM WP 3/4, NG FAR TERM WP
MICROEARTS
Nav: GNSS,WAAS, DME, ILS Nav: GNSS, WAAS Nav: GNSS, WAAS, LAAS, DME, ILS
Surv: ASDE-X (Optional), ASR 4/8/9/11, PRM Surv: ASR 4/8/9/11, PRM, ASDE-X Surv: ASR 4/8/9/11, PRM-A(MLAT) Surv: ASR 4/8/9/11, PRM-A(MLAT)
TIS-B (Optional) ASDE-X, TIS-B ASDE-X, TIS-B
Safety: MSAW, Conflict Alert, RWSL (Optional) Safety: MSAW, Conflict Alert, RWSL (Opt) Safety: MSAW, RWSL, Safety: RWSL, Integrated Safety Systems
RWSL(Optional)
Near Term Emerging Advanced
Capability Level
Notes: The NSIP Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie OI Increments were mapped to NextGen Operations based on Required Functions to support the Operations. The OI increments were then assessed to
determine if the planned capability is an Enhanced Functions vs. Required Functions for the NextGen Operations. Highlighted Boxes indicate the timeframe for delivery of a NextGen Capability linked to
the NextGen Operations.
Capability Required for Operations
TBFM WP3
Nav: GNSS, WAAS, LAAS, ILS
Enhanced Safety Systems
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

10. 10
AirportCapabilityReadiness
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

11. How Best can NextGen
Capabilities be implemented?
Focus efforts on those operations that can be realized in the near to Mid-
Term (Legacy and Near-Term) to provide benefits to operators- incentivizing
capability maturity.
Prioritize delivery of Legacy and Near-term PBN-based operations at
core locations. Supports legacy and emerging equipage.
Procedures, Airspace and technology need to be developed in a
collaborative manner with full consideration of stakeholders needs
(Operators/ Air Traffic/ Airports, etc.)
Plan priority delivery of OI Increments that support Legacy and Near-
Term Operations
Defer initiatives that are high risk with low equipage projections and
readiness (Far-Term Operations)
Identify Key Research to mature Far-Term Operations.
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

12. NextGen Stakeholder Trends
• Airlines have moved from an increasing market-share to a maximizing profit strategy and remain focused on reducing
operating costs.
• Stakeholder reluctance to invest – uncertainty - due to rising fuel prices, emissions regulations, availability of mature
technology. Industry is targeting investments with minimal dependency on other stakeholders efforts:
• OEM’s designing and building aircraft with composites that are more fuel efficient, environmentally friendly and move
D-checks from every 6 yrs. to 10/12 yrs.
• Terminal upgrades, introduction of passenger entertainment (wi-fi), upgrading of overhead bins to improve
customers flying experience (CY12 - $870M)
• Incorporation of blended-wing and wing-lets designs to improve fuel efficiency by 20%.
• Rulemaking for runway safety zones and ICAO Emissions Framework will likely drive investments prioritization.
• Airport privatization appears to be evolving. The trend the past couple of decades has been taking on more service
contracts, management contracts, and “finance-build-operate-transfer”. This will put even more pressure successfully
executing a collaborative approach to NextGen as the airport business case will move away state and local set of
criteria to pure privatization criteria.
• Airlines will find satellite-based in-flight entertainment appealing because they are increasingly seeking other revenue
sources that will require more broadband bandwidth, including streaming videos, online shopping, booking hotels and local
destination coupons. This is a potential opportunity to develop an overall NextGen information exchange concept to share
much needed data/information to support emerging and advanced NextGen capabilities.
• SESAR Master Plan which was supposed to be up a running in 2020, now has a revised date of 2030. Consolidation of
Functional Airspace Blocks has not been completed. The EU has announce a revised plan dubbed SESII+. Technology is
devolving from the center to the edge, services are being re-validated and allocated between central and regional
control as Europe recognizes technology as an enabler of capabilities to support user services and needs.
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

13. Deriving a Pathway Forward
• Optimize Concept – Operations centric vs capability - and technology-centric
• Define NextGen functional requirements vs improvement statements
• Across Air Transportation Ecosystem
• Leverage R&D partnerships to
mature capabilities towards vision
Vision Thread
Strategic Planning Thread
• Right size – Define Latent, Development, R&D Buckets
• Allocate Requirements
TomorrowExecution Thread: Today
• ERAM: Baseline Stabilized
• PBN: Optimize Procedures
• TBFM: Baseline Stabilized
• TAMR: Common Baseline
• Facilitate implementation of operations
at locations enabled by a suite of
capabilities across the air
transportation domains
Operations
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

14. Acronyms
• ANSP – Air Navigation Service Provider (Air Traffic)
• ATC– Air Traffic Control
• CSPO – Closely Space Parallel runway Operations
• Data Comm - NextGen Data Communication
• DOD – Department of Defense
• ERAM – En Route Automation Modernization
• FAA – Federal Aviation Administration
• ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization
• NAS – National Airspace System
• NextGen – Next Generation Air Transportation System
• OI – Operational Improvement
• OPD – Optimized Profile Descent
• PBN – Performance Based Navigation
• RNAV/RNP – Area Navigation/Required Navigation Performance
• SID – Standard Instrument Departure
• STARS – Standard Terminal Arrival Route
• SWIM - System Wide Information Management
• TAMR – Terminal Automation Modernization Replacement
• TBFM – Trajectory-Based Flow Management
The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.