Title: Partnerships for Research, Capacity Building, Innovation and Foresighting: Managing water for agriculture and food in ACP countries.
Date: 28 October, 2012
Speaker: Norman Uphoff, Cornell University, USA
Venue: GCARD2 Pre-Conference Meeting Punta del Este, Uruguay
Title: Agricultural Water Savings by SRI for Future Water Management in Sichuan, China
Presented by: Zheng Jiaguo, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, at the SRI-Rice seminar series, Cornell University, April 15
Presenter: J.S. Prasad, Ch. Padmavathi,
R.M. Kumar, and L.V.Subba Rao
Institution: Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: India
An excellent presentation on System of Rice Intensification.
Uphoff, N.T. - "Increasing Water Savings while Raising Rice Yields with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI)", presented for Panel on Water Productivity and Reuse at the 2nd International Rice Congress New Delhi, October 9-13, 2006. (see also accompanying
Original Source: http://www.wassan.org/sri/Useful_Links.htm#Videos%20and%20Slide%20Presentations
Presenting the key points, the technicalities, and statistics with lots of image sources, and case studies across the globe.
Powerpoint by Samuel Soki Harding, Daniel Santigie Fornah, and Edward S.A. Kargbo presented at the West Africa SRI Workshop in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso on July 26-27, 2012.
Title: Agricultural Water Savings by SRI for Future Water Management in Sichuan, China
Presented by: Zheng Jiaguo, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, at the SRI-Rice seminar series, Cornell University, April 15
Presenter: J.S. Prasad, Ch. Padmavathi,
R.M. Kumar, and L.V.Subba Rao
Institution: Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: India
An excellent presentation on System of Rice Intensification.
Uphoff, N.T. - "Increasing Water Savings while Raising Rice Yields with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI)", presented for Panel on Water Productivity and Reuse at the 2nd International Rice Congress New Delhi, October 9-13, 2006. (see also accompanying
Original Source: http://www.wassan.org/sri/Useful_Links.htm#Videos%20and%20Slide%20Presentations
Presenting the key points, the technicalities, and statistics with lots of image sources, and case studies across the globe.
Powerpoint by Samuel Soki Harding, Daniel Santigie Fornah, and Edward S.A. Kargbo presented at the West Africa SRI Workshop in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso on July 26-27, 2012.
Title: The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in the Context of ‘Sustainable Crop Production Intensification’ and Adaptation to Climate Change
Presenter: Norman Uphoff
Presented at the FAO's Asia Regional Office
Date: April 11, 2013
Presenter: S.P. Singh, R.M. Kumar, B. Sreedevi, P. Krishnamurthy, and S.V. Subbaiah
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: India
Presenter: M.C. Diwakar, Director, Directorate of Rice Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperation, Patna
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: India
Institution: Visayas, Municipal Agriculture Office, and the Agricultural Training Institute as well as the Consultants’ Consortium for SPISP
Subject Country: Philippines
Presenter: Debashish Sen, S.P. Chaturvedi, Hiralal Bharti, and Rajendra Bansal
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh, India
Presenter: IrsaL Las, A. Gani and N. Widiarta / Indonesia Institute for Rice Research
Audience: World Rice Research Conference, Japan
Subject Country: Indonesia
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Authors: Shigeki Yokoyama and Takeshi Sakurai
Title: Participation and Impact of Rice Cultivation Training: The Case of SRI in Madagascar
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
Presentation by Chun-E Kan
Title: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Introduction in Taiwan: Results of Trials, Adapting to Existing Farming Systems and Local Conditions, and Making Links with the Private Sector
Venue: Cornell University
Date: April 16, 2015
Organized by: SRI-Rice, Cornell Univesity
Presented by: Rajendra Uprety, Senior Agriculture Development Officer Department of Agriculture Nepal
Presented at: Panel on Climate Change and Rice Agriculture 3rd International Rice Congress, Hanoi, Vietnam
Presented on: 9 November 2010
Presenter: Karma Lhendup, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: Bhutan
Presented by: Jia-guo Zheng, Xin-lu Jiang, and Zhong-zhi Chi Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu, China
Presented at: International Rice Congress. Pre-Congress SRI Day. November 8 2010
Presented by: Norman Uphoff, CIIFAD, Cornell University, USA
Presented at: BioVision Alexandria 2010 New Life Sciences: Future Prospects
Date Presented: 04/15/2010
Title: The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in the Context of ‘Sustainable Crop Production Intensification’ and Adaptation to Climate Change
Presenter: Norman Uphoff
Presented at the FAO's Asia Regional Office
Date: April 11, 2013
Presenter: S.P. Singh, R.M. Kumar, B. Sreedevi, P. Krishnamurthy, and S.V. Subbaiah
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: India
Presenter: M.C. Diwakar, Director, Directorate of Rice Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperation, Patna
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: India
Institution: Visayas, Municipal Agriculture Office, and the Agricultural Training Institute as well as the Consultants’ Consortium for SPISP
Subject Country: Philippines
Presenter: Debashish Sen, S.P. Chaturvedi, Hiralal Bharti, and Rajendra Bansal
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh, India
Presenter: IrsaL Las, A. Gani and N. Widiarta / Indonesia Institute for Rice Research
Audience: World Rice Research Conference, Japan
Subject Country: Indonesia
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Authors: Shigeki Yokoyama and Takeshi Sakurai
Title: Participation and Impact of Rice Cultivation Training: The Case of SRI in Madagascar
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
Presentation by Chun-E Kan
Title: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Introduction in Taiwan: Results of Trials, Adapting to Existing Farming Systems and Local Conditions, and Making Links with the Private Sector
Venue: Cornell University
Date: April 16, 2015
Organized by: SRI-Rice, Cornell Univesity
Presented by: Rajendra Uprety, Senior Agriculture Development Officer Department of Agriculture Nepal
Presented at: Panel on Climate Change and Rice Agriculture 3rd International Rice Congress, Hanoi, Vietnam
Presented on: 9 November 2010
Presenter: Karma Lhendup, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan
Audience: 2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India
Subject Country: Bhutan
Presented by: Jia-guo Zheng, Xin-lu Jiang, and Zhong-zhi Chi Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu, China
Presented at: International Rice Congress. Pre-Congress SRI Day. November 8 2010
Presented by: Norman Uphoff, CIIFAD, Cornell University, USA
Presented at: BioVision Alexandria 2010 New Life Sciences: Future Prospects
Date Presented: 04/15/2010
Evaluation of stress resistant sweetpotato varieties and their low cost micro...ILRI
Presented by Emana Getu, Tileye Feyissa and Addisu Nega (Addis Ababa University, College of Natural Sciences) at the First Bio-Innovate Regional Scientific Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 25-27 February 2013
Sustainable intensification and diversification of maize-based farming system...africa-rising
Presented by Dan TerAvest (Washington State University) at the Africa RISING East and Southern Africa Research Review and Planning Meeting, Arusha, Tanzania, 1-5 October 2012
Current Research on Nano Urea – Problems & ProspectusAkshay Duddumpudi
The world with a huge increasing population and simultaneous degradation of land by various means is facing a huge hazard in the field of agriculture. The new technology to increase the use efficiency of input is the need of the hour to meet the demand of the huge population. Nano urea is a sustainable option for farmers towards smart agriculture. Nano urea is gaining importance in Indian agriculture in increase nutrient use efficiency, increasing crop yields, and reducing excessive use of synthetic fertilizers (Dutta et al., 2021). The quantity of synthetic urea being applied by the farmers to supply nitrogen for the crops can be successfully reduced to 50% by using nano urea. When compared to bulky nitrogenous fertilisers like urea, nano urea is required in small quantities and also easy to store and transport. Farmers can easily carry bottles of nano urea over bulkier urea bags, which have a substantial influence on relative logistics and warehousing costs (Meena and Verma, 2022). Although nano urea have a great advantage, there are considerable limitations to focus. They include lack of better production facilities and risk management system. It is not recommended as basal dose, only foliar spray due to which spraying cost is more than top dressing /broadcasting cost. Mentality/perception of farmers towards new technologies also play a major role. The government’s policies and support for nano fertilizers will alter Indian agriculture and contribute to its long-term viability. This seminar will help us to understand about nano urea, its significance and problems in usage. Being a country of agriculture background, it is our duty to strengthen the spine of our agriculture technologies. Thus technology like nano urea which could increase the production without compromising crop yield, environment aspects etc. should be welcomed by the agriculture community. Despite aiding in sustainable crop production, limitations of nano urea should be carefully considered.
Liquid organic fertilizers: Nutrient rich material is soaked in water for several days or weeks to undergo fermentation. Frequent stirring encourages microbial activity in liquid manures. The resulting liquid can either be used as a foliar fertilizer or applied to the soil.
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF SRI OVER TRANSPLANTED RICE IN TERMS OF YIELD A...P.K. Mani
Advantage of SRI over Conventionally Transplanted Rice are discussed on the following Parameters: Yield and Yield Attributing Characters, Water Productivity, Soil Properties, Nitrogen Use Efficiency ,Phosphorus and Potassium use efficiency, Ammonia Loss and Microbiological Properties.
Presenter: Vibhu Nayar
Title: Up-scaling of SRI in Tamilnadu, India: Results from a World Bank Project
Date: August 16, 2018
Venue: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Sponsors: SRI-Rice, IP/CALS, and South Asia Program, Cornell University
Authors: Febri Doni and Rizky Riscahya Pratama Syamsuri
Title: System of Rice Intensification in Indonesia: Research adoption and Opportunities
Presented at: The International Conference on System of Crop Intensification (SCI) for Climate-Smart Livelihood and Nutritional Security
Date: December 12-14, 2022
Venue: ICAR, Hyderabad, India
Author: Bancy Mati
Title: Improving Rice Production and Saving Water in Africa
Presented at: The International Conference on System of Crop Intensification for Climate-Smart Livelihood and Nutritional Security (ICSCI22)
Date: December 12-14 2022
Venue: ICAR, Hyderabad, India
Author: Lucy Fisher
Title: Overview of the System of Rice Intensification SRI Around the World
Presented at: The International Conference on The System of Crop Intensification (ICSCI22)
Date: December 12, 2022
Author: Khidhir Abbas Hameed
Title: Estimated Water Savings, Yield and Income Benefits from Using SRI Methods in Iraq
Event: International Conference on System of Crop Intensification (ICSCI2022)
Date: December 12-14, 2022
(Partial slideset related to the System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Presentation at COP26, Glasgow, Scotland
Date: November 2021
Presentation by: Ministereo Desarrollo Agropecuario, Panama
This is a presentation about the SRI activities of the LINKS program, Catalysing Economic Growth for Northern Nigeria, which is implemented by Tetra Tech International Development
Author: Tetra Tech International Development
Title: Reduced Methane Emissions Rice Production Project in Northern Nigerian with System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Date: October 25, 2021
Author: Reinaldo Cardona
Instituto de Investigaciones Agrícolas del estado Portuguesa: UNEFA-Núcleo Portuguesa Universidad Nacional Experimental Politécnica de la Fuerza Armada
Date: 2017
Title: Sistema Intensivo del Cultivo del Arroz para la Producción y Sustentabilidad del Rubro
Speaker: Norman Uphoff
Title: Agroecological Opportunities with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and the System of Crop Intensification (SCI)
Date: June 25, 2021
Venue: online, presented in the International Webinar Series on Agroecology and Community Series
Speaker: Khidhir Abbas Hameed,
Al Mishkhab Rice Research Station
Title: System of Rice Intensification SRI
Date: December 9, 2020
Organizer: Central and West Asian Rice Center (CWA Rice)
Venue: online
Author/Presenter: Karla Cordero Lara
Title: Towards a More Sustainable Rice Crop: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Experience in Chilean Temperate Japonica Rice
Date: November 29-30, 2018
Presented at: The Third International Symposium on Rice Science in Global Health
Venue: Kyoto, Japan
Title: Proyecto IICA - MIDA/ Sistema Intensivo de Arroz (SRI) Evaluación del primer ensayo de validación realizado en coclé para enfrentar al Cambio Climático (alternativa) Localizada en el Sistema de Riego El Caño. Diciembre /2018 - Abril/ 2019 - Octubre/ 2019
Author: Norman Uphoff
Title: Agroecological Management of Soil Systems for Food, Water, Climate Resilience, and Biodiversity
Date: December 6, 2019
Presented at: The Knowledge Dialogue on the Occasion of World Soil Day
Venue: United Nations, New York
Title: Smallholder Rice Production Practice and Equipment: What about the Women?
Presenter: Lucy Fisher
Venue: 2nd Global Sustainable Rice Conference and Exhibition
United Nations Conference Centre, Bangkok Thailand
Date: October 2, 2019
Author: Pascal Gbenou
Title: Rice cultivation in Africa: How traditional practices relate to modern opportunities
Date: June 26-29, 2019
Presented at: The International Rice Development Conference and Seminar on China-Africa Development
Location: Changsha, China
Authors: Christopher B. Barrett, Asad Islam, Abdul Malek, Deb Pakrashi, Ummul Ruthbah
Title: The Effects of Exposure Intensity on Technology Adoption and Gains: Experimental Evidence from Bangladesh on the System of Rice Intensification
Date: July 21, 2019
Presented at: USDA Multi-state Research Project NC-1034 annual research conference on
The Economics of Agricultural Technology & Innovation
Location: Atlanta, GA
More from SRI-Rice, Dept. of Global Development, CALS, Cornell University (20)
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
Autopilot per Studio Web
Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
👨🏫👨💻 Speakers:
Stefano Negro, UiPath MVPx3, RPA Tech Lead @ BSP Consultant
Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
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Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
1307- Managing water for agriculture and food in ACP countries
1. Partnerships for Research, Capacity Building,
Innovation and Foresighting: Managing Water for
Agriculture and Food in ACP Countries
Integrating Agroecological Crop Management
within Integrated Water Resource
Management: Lessons from Experience with
the System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Norman Uphoff, Cornell University, USA
GCARD2 Pre-Conference Meeting
Punta del Este, 28 October, 2012
2. Integrated water resource management =
> integrated land + water resource management
IWRM should also include improvements in
CROP MANAGEMENT
These can enable farmers to get
MORE CROP PER DROP -- and
more importantly, they can help farmers
to achieve MORE PRODUCTIVE PHENOTYPES
from available GENOTYPES
Essential elements for this are:
Growth of better ROOT SYSTEMS and
Mobilizing the services of SOIL BIOTA
3. Agroecological management of crops, soil, water
and nutrients differs from the GR strategy,
in that it does not depend on either:
A. Changes in VARIETIES -- although we always
want to use best available genotypes, or on
B. Increases in EXTERNAL INPUTS -- although
there will be times and places for using these
Agroecological methods seek to mobilize and utilize
biological potentials and processes that exist
within both PLANTS and SOIL SYSTEMS --
enhancing the abundance, diversity and activity
of the PLANT/SOIL MICROBIOME
The significance and benefits of this phenomenon
parallel those of the HUMAN MICROBIOME
4. To make more productive and sustainable use of our
land/soil and water resources, we should achieve
more productive PHENOTYPES from any genotypes
by making alterations in crops’ growing environments
The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) from
Madagascar is enabling farmers (in >50 countries)
to get more productive rice plants from existing
varieties (local, HYVs, hybrids) with:
•Reduced irrigation water requirements, and
•Greater resistance to climate-change effects
• Increased DROUGHT resistance
• Resistance to STORM damage (less lodging)
• More resistance to PESTS & DISEASES
• Even some tolerance of temperature extremes
Methods can be adapted to many OTHER CROPS
5. Basic Concepts for SRI/SCI:
• Establish healthy plants early (young) and carefully,
making efforts to promote their root growth potential.
• Reduce plant density, giving each plant more room to
grow (both above-ground and below-ground) to
capture more sunlight and obtain more soil nutrients.
• Keep the soil well-aerated and enriched with organic
nutrients, as much as possible, so that it can support
better growth of roots and more aerobic soil biota.
– Apply water in ways that can best support the growth
of plant roots and of beneficial soil microbes, avoiding
continuous inundation and anaerobic soil conditions.
– Control weeds in soil-aerating way (mechanical weeder).
These practices when used together enable farmers to:
• Increase the size/functioning of ROOT SYSTEMS,
• Enhance the populations of SOIL BIOTA.
6. Additional Ideas for SRI/SCI:
• Farmer-centered, participatory process of
agricultural improvement
– Encouragement of farmer experimentation,
evaluation and adaptation – FAs, SHGs, …
– SRI is presented as a methodology rather
than a new technology - still a work in progress
– Standard extension approach is changed to
emphasize farmer-to-farmer spread
• Multi-stakeholder strategy brings together
NGOs, universities, govt. agencies, research
institutions, private sector, and individuals
in collaborative efforts with farmers
7. Farmer in
Nepal with
a rice plant
grown from
a single
seed with
SRI methods
in Morang
district
8. Farmer in Cuba with two plants
of same variety (VN 2084)
and same age (52 DAS)
10. 300
SRI CK Yellow leaf
and sheath
250
47.9% 34.7%
Organ dry weight(g/hill)
Panicle
200
150 Leaf
100
Sheath
50
Stem
0
Stage IH H FH MR WR YRI H H FH M W Y
R R R
Non-Flooding Rice Farming Technology in Irrigated Paddy Field
Dr. Tao Longxing, China National Rice Research Institute, 2004
11. Review of SRI management impacts on yield, water saving,
costs of production & farmer income per ha in 13 countries
Conventional SRI Yield Water Impact on Impact on
Country (N) yield (t/ha) yield increase saving cost per ha income per
(t/ha) (%) (%) (%) ha (%)
AFGHANISTAN 42# 5.6 9.3 55% NM NM NM
BANGLADESH 1,073 #
5.44 6.86 26% NM -7% +59%
CAMBODIA 500* 1.63 2.29 41% Rainfed -56% +74%
3-yr SRI users
120# 1.34 2.75 105% Rainfed -47% +98%
CHINA 82* 6.6 9.37 42% 44% -7.4%** +64%
Sichuan (2004-10) 301,967 ha 7.7 9.5 23% 25.6% NR +US$320 mill
INDIA 108 #
4.12 ##
5.47 ##
32%## Rainfed -35% +67%
Andhra Pradesh
1,525# 6.31 8.73 34% 40% NM NM
INDONESIA 12,133# 4.27 7.61 78% 40% -20% >100%
KENYA Trials 6.2 7.6 26% 28.2% NM NM
Mwea Scheme " 8.66 14.85 70% 24% NM NM
MALI 53# 5.5 9.1 60% 10% +15% +108%
MYANMAR 612# 2.1 4.4 110% Rainfed +0.2% 8.7 times
NEPAL 412# 3.3 6.1 82% 43% -2.2%@ +163%
Far West Region 890# 4.01 7.58 88% >60% +32% +164%
PANAMA 46# 3.44 4.75 38% 71-86% NM NM
SRI LANKA 120* 3.84 5.52 44% 24% -12% +104%
VIETNAM 1,274# 5.58 6.79 22% 33% -30% +36%
Total N and data sets, no sampling * Based on random sampling
# Complete 18,870a + NM: not measured NR: not reported
a,b
12. Water use, water savings, and WUE -- 13 studies
Year Soil Water use * Water Water use efficiency Increase
type saving in WUE
Conv. SRI Conv. SRI
China 2004 CL 1,360 898 33.9% 0.46 0.88 91.3%
2005 CL 1,435 868 39.5% NR NR 68.0%
2006 CL 1,763 933 47.1% NR NR 94.0%
India 2002 CL NR NR NR 0.49 0.61 24.5%
2002-03 CL 1,578 1,272 19.4% 0.28 0.31 12.1%
2005-07 SL 1,254 962 23.3% NR NR NR
2005 BC 1,250 850 32.0% NR NR NR
2008 SCL 1,203 913 24.1% 0.36 0.72 100.0%
2009 SCL 1,242 990 20.3% 0.36 0.65 80.6%
Kenya 2010-11 V 11,610* 8,422* 27.5% 0.40 0.70 75.0%
2010-11 V 15,691* 11,573* 26.2% 0.20 0.50 150.0%
2010-11 V 15,096* 10,420* 31.0% 0.50 1.00 100.0%
Iraq 2009 CL 34,500* 21,600* 38.5% 0.11 0.29 164.5%
Averages mm ha-1 1,386 961 30.7% 0.35 0.63 87.3%
* m3 ha-1 19,224* 13,003*
13. STI in Ethiopia:
Application of SRI
concepts & practices
to production of tef
On left: transplanted
tef; on right: usual
broadcast tef
3-5 t/ha vs. 1 t/ha
14. Summary of results reported from farmers' fields for
System of Crop Intensification (SCI)
which applies SRI concepts and methods to other crops
Crops Yield increases
Finger millet 3 to 4x
Legumes 50-200%
Maize 75%
Mustard 3 to 4x
Sugarcane 20-100%
Tef 3 to 5x
Turmeric 25%
Vegetables 100-270%
Wheat 10-140%
SCI crops are mostly rainfed; 30% water saving with
wheat and sugarcane; 66% with turmeric
15. INDONESIA
Caritas introduced
SRI methods in
Aceh in 2005 after
tsunami devastation
– local rice yields
were raised from
2 t/ha to 8.5 t/ha
“Using less rice seed, less water and organic compost,
farmers in Aceh have quadrupled their crop production.”
‘Rice Aplenty in Aceh,’ Caritas News (2009)
Similar quadrupling of rice yields by poor, food-insecure,
resource-limited households has been documented
also in Madagascar, Cambodia, Madhya Pradesh (India)
16. AFGHANISTAN: SRI field in Baghlan Province, supported by
Aga Khan Foundation Natural Resource Management program
17. 2008: 6 farmers got
SRI yields of 10.1 t/ha
vs. 5.4 t/ha regular
2009: 42 farmers got
SRI yields of 9.3 t/ha
vs. 5.6 t/ha regular
-2nd year SRI farmers got
13.3 t/ha vs. 5.6 t/ha
-1st year SRI farmers got
8.7 t/ha vs. 5.5 t/ha
2011: 106 farmers got
SRI yields of 10.1 t/ha
vs. 5.04 t/ha regular
-- All using less water
18. MALI -- SRI nursery in Timbuktu region –
8-day seedlings ready for transplanting
20. Farmer working with
the NGO Africare in
Timbuktu region, Mali
showing difference
between regular and
SRI rice plants
2007/08: 1 farmer -
SRI yield of 8.98 t/ha
2008/09: 60 farmers-
9.01 vs. 5.49 t/ha
2009/10: 130 farmers
– 7.71 vs. 4.48 t/ha
with 32% less water
Gao average: 7.84 t/ha
Mopti average: 7.85 t/ha
21. Other Benefits from Changes in Practices
1. Water saving – major concern in many places, also
now have ‘rainfed’ version with similar results
2. Greater resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses –
less damage from pests and diseases, drought,
typhoons, flooding, cold spells [discuss tomorrow]
3. Shorter crop cycle – same varieties are harvested
by 1-3 weeks sooner, save water, less crop risk
4. High milling output – by about 15%, due to fewer
unfilled grains (less chaff) and fewer broken grains
5. Reductions in labor requirements – widely reported
incentive for changing practices in India and China;
also, mechanization is being introduced many places
Drought-resistance: Rice of production – greatervariety and
6. Reductions in costs fields in Sri Lanka, same farmer
same soil, 3 weeks after irrigation stopped because of drought
income and profitability, also health benefits
-- conventionally-grown field on left, and SRI field on right
22. ,
Results from Bihar State, 2007-2011
(data from Bihar Rural Livelihood Promotion Society, Govt. of Bihar)
SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION -- state average yield: 2.3 t/ha
2007 2008 2009 2010
Water
Normal Drought, but Complete
Climatic conditions submergence
rainfall occurred twice rainfall in Sept. drought
No. of smallholders 128 5,146 8,367 19,911
Area under SRI (ha) 30 544 786 1,412
SRI average yield (t/ha) 10.0 7.75 6.5 3.22*
Conv. average yield (t/ha) 2.7 2.36 2.02 1.66*
SYSTEM OF WHEAT INTENSIFICATION -- state average yield: 2.4 t/ha
2008-09 2009-10 2010--11
No. of smallholders 415 25,235 48,521
Area under SWI (ha) 16 1,200 2,536
SWI average yield (t/ha) 3.6 4.5 NA
Conventional average yield (t/ha) 1.6 1.6 NA
* Results from measurements of yield on 74 farmers’ SRI and conventional fields
23. CHINA: SRI extension/impact in Sichuan Province, 2004-10
Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total
SRI area (ha) 1,133 7,267 57,400 117,267 204,467 252,467 301,067 941,068
SRI yield (kg/ha) 9,105 9,435 8,805 9,075 9,300 9,495 9,555 9,252
Non-SRI yield (kg/ha) 7,740 7,650 7,005 7,395 7,575 7,710 7,740 7,545
SRI increment (t/ha)* 1,365 1,785 1,800# 1,680 1,725 1,785 1,815# 1,708
SRI % increase in yield* 17.6% 23.3% 25.7% 22.7% 22.8% 23.2% 23.5% 22.7%
Grain increment (tons ) 1,547 12,971 103,320 197,008 352,705 450,653 546,436 1.66 mill
Addl. net income from 2,051
1.28 11.64 106.5 205.1 450.8 571.7 704.3
SRI use (million RMB)* >$300 mill
*Comparison with Sichuan provincial average for paddy yield and SRI returns
#
Drought years: SRI yields were relatively better than with conventional methods
Source: Data are from the Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture.
24. Storm resistance:
Dông Trù village,
Hanoi province,
Vietnam, after
fields were hit by
a tropical storm
Right: conventional
field and plant;
Left: SRI field
and plant
Same variety used
in both fields --
on right, serious
lodging is seen;
no lodging on left
25. Incidence of diseases and pests in Vietnam:
National IPM Program evaluation -- averages of
data from on-farm trials in 8 provinces, 2005-06:
Spring season Summer season
SRI Farmer Differ- SRI Farmer Differ-
Plots Plots ence Plots Plots ence
Sheath
6.7% 18.1% 63.0% 5.2% 19.8% 73.7%
blight
Leaf blight
-- -- -- 8.6% 36.3% 76.5%
Small leaf
63.4 107.7 41.1% 61.8 122.3 49.5%
folder *
Brown plant
542 1,440 62.4% 545 3,214 83.0%
hopper *
AVERAGE 55.5% 70.7%
* Insects/m2
26. Modern Traditional
improved aromatic
variety variety
(Ciherang) (Sintanur)
– no yield - 8 t/ha
Resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses in Indonesia:
fields have been hit by both brown planthopper (BPH) and
by storm damage (typhoon): rice on left was grown with
standard practices; organic SRI is seen on right
27. Comparison of methane gas emission
1000
840.1
800
600 72 %
kg CH 4 / ha
400
237.6
200
0
CT SRI
Emission (kg/ha)
CO2 ton/ha
Treatment
CH4 N2O equivalent
CT 840.1 0 17.6
SRI 237.6 0.074 5.0
28. Partnerships: Evaluations and dissemination
of SRI carried out by diverse stakeholders
with a farmer-centered focus
NGOs: Africare (Mali); Aga Khan Foundation (Afghanistan);
BRAC (Bangladesh); CEDAC (Cambodia); Metta Development
Foundation (Myanmar); Oxfam America (Vietnam);
Patronato de Nutriciòn (Panama); WWF (India)
Government agencies: Morang District Agricultural Dev.
Office (Nepal); Sichuan Provincial Dept of Agric (China);
Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development/PPD (Vietnam)
Universities: ANGRAU (India); China Agric. University;
Jomo Kenyatta Univ. of Agriculture & Technology (Kenya)
Private sector: Nippon Koei (Indonesia); Syngenta (BD)
Donor agencies: FAO-EU (Nepal); GTZ (Cambodia);
USAID (Mali, Tanzania); World Bank Institute
International research centers: ICRISAT (India);
IRRI (Bangladesh); IWMI (India and Sri Lanka)
29. What is needed for scaling up?
* Overcoming mental barriers: farmer
skepticism; but more resistance from
agronomists, and even from economists
* Relatively little financial investment:
* Need much training for technicians
as well as for farmers; also for scientists
* Also need some research regarding:
- water management/optimization
- applied soil biology – ‘a new frontier’
- applications to other crops (SCI)
- utilizing climate-smart opportunities
* Make water-saving profitable for farmers
- This is achieved with SRI/SCI practices
30. Three key messages:
1. For higher crop productivity and for
greater water productivity, focus more:
a. On growth/function of root systems
b. Enhanced soil organic matter – so as
to increase our stocks of ‘green water’
[these two factors interact beneficially]
2. The concept of ‘technology transfer’
needs to be changed to support PTD !
3. We need a paradigm shift replacing
genocentrism with a better understanding
and utilization of plant/soil microbiome
31. For more information on SRI/SCI:
SRI International Network and
Resources Center (SRI-Rice)
Website: http://sri.ciifad.cornell.edu
at Cornell International Institute for
Food, Agriculture and Develoment
(CIIFAD), Cornell University, or
Norman Uphoff: ntu1@cornell.edu
Editor's Notes
This is the most simple description of what SRI entails. Transplanting is not necessary since direct seeding, with the other SRI practices, also produces similarly good results. The principle of SRI is that if transplanting is done , very young seedling should be used, and there should be little or no trauma to the young plant roots. These are often ‘abused’ in transplanting process, being allowed to dry out (desiccate), or are knocked to remove soil, etc.
This is the most simple description of what SRI entails. Transplanting is not necessary since direct seeding, with the other SRI practices, also produces similarly good results. The principle of SRI is that if transplanting is done , very young seedling should be used, and there should be little or no trauma to the young plant roots. These are often ‘abused’ in transplanting process, being allowed to dry out (desiccate), or are knocked to remove soil, etc.
Picture provided by Rajendra Uprety, District Agricultural Development Office, Morang District, Nepal. Again, this is a single SRI plant grown from a single seed.
Picture provided by Dr. Rena Perez. These two rice plants are ‘twins’ in that they were planted on the same day in the same nursery from the same seed bag. The one on the right was taken out at 9 days and transplanted into an SRI environment. The one on the left was kept in the flooded nursery until its 52 nd day, when it was taken out for transplanting (in Cuba, transplanting of commonly done between 50 and 55 DAP). The difference in root growth and tillering (5 vs. 42) is spectacular. We think this difference is at least in part attributable to the contributions of soil microorganisms producing phytohormones in the rhizosphere that benefit plant growth and performance.
Figures from a paper presented by Dr. Tao to international rice conference organized by the China National Rice Research Institute for the International Year of Rice and World Food Day, held in Hangzhou, October 15-17, 2004. Dr. Tao has been doing research on SRI since 2001 to evaluate its effects in physiological terms.
This is the most simple description of what SRI entails. Transplanting is not necessary since direct seeding, with the other SRI practices, also produces similarly good results. The principle of SRI is that if transplanting is done , very young seedling should be used, and there should be little or no trauma to the young plant roots. These are often ‘abused’ in transplanting process, being allowed to dry out (desiccate), or are knocked to remove soil, etc.