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2. Mohenjo-Daro
 Features of Mohenjo-Daro
 Social economic difference between them
 Drainage System and town planning
 Domestic Architect and the citadel
 Discovering the Harappan Civilization

3. Features of Mohenjo-Daro
 A Planned Urban Centre.
 The settlement is Divided into two sections:
1. One smaller but higher (Citadels)
2. Much larger but lower (Lower Town)

5. Laying out of Drains
I. Most distinctive features were the carefully
planned drainage system.
II. Roads and streets are in a grid pattern.
III. The streets with drain system were laid first and
after that houses were built.
IV. If domestic wastewater had to flow into the
streets drain, every house had at least one of its
face along the street.

6. Domestic Architect
 The lower town plan at Mohenjo-Daro provides an
example of residential buildings.
 Many were cantered on a courtyard with a room
on all sides.
 The courtyard was probably the centre of
activities.
 Every house has its bathroom.

8. The Citadels And Lower Towns

9. The Citadels
 It is used for special public purposes like a warehouse and great
bath.
 A massive structure of which the lower brick portion remains,
while the upper portion probably of wood.
 The great bath was a large rectangular tank in a courtyard
surrounded by a corridor on all four sides.
 Evidence of large building structure used for administration and
business centres.

10. The Lower Towns
 It was walled probably to provide security to the people. The
fortification with gateways enclosing the walled cities as slow
that there may have been fear of attack.
 Rectangular grid pattern of the layout with roads that cut each
other at a right angle.
 Used burnt mud brick as a building material.

12. TRACING OF SOCIAL
DIFFERENCES
1. BURIALS 2. LOOKING FOR LUXURIES

13. Discovering of Harappan
Civilization
 Cunningham the first Director-General of ASI.
 Cunningham’s main interest was in the Archeology of the
early Historic.
 He also collected document and translate inscription during
his surveys.
 The seals were discovered by Daya Ram Sahni in the early
decade of twenty century.
 Another Archaeologist Rakhal Das Banerji found similar
seals at Mohenjo-Daro.

14.  In 1924, John Marshall Director General of ASI announced
the discovery of new civilization in the Indus Valley to the
world.
 However, with the partition of the sub-continent and the
creation of Pakistan, the major sites are now in Pakistani
territory.
 This has spurred the Indian archaeologist to try and locate
the site in India.
 A extensive survey in Kutch reveal many Harrapan
settlement and exploration in Punjab and Haryana has
added to the list of Harappa sites.
 Kalibangan, Lothal, Rakhi Garhi and most recently Dholavira.