Vegetative windbreaks for poultry farms

1. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.© 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Vegetative Windbreaks for Poultry Farms: GARY WYATT EXTENSION EDUCATOR, AGROFORESTRY

2. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. WINDBREAKS 2 Plantings of single or multiple rows of trees or shrubs that redirect or modify the wind and are established for one or more environmental purposes.

3. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. BENEFITS OF WINDBREAKS  Wind modification & erosion reduction  Plant protection  Pesticide drift reduction  Irrigation efficiency  Livestock protection  Odor modification  Carbon sequestration

4. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. AVIAN FLU - 2015  More than 9 million birds in Minnesota's commercial and domestic poultry flocks have died.  The birds were killed by the flu itself or euthanized to prevent the spread of the disease.  Thousands of birds can die in a few days.

5. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. AVIAN FLU IN MN - 2015  The state has verified 108 outbreaks among chicken, turkey and mixed-poultry flocks in 23 counties, many of which lie in the heart of Minnesota's turkey-producing country.

9. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. AVIAN WINDBREAKS - GOAL:  Develop a plan for vegetative windbreaks planted at livestock facilities as an inexpensive method for preventing disease spread that also mitigates dust and odor, saves energy, provides ecosystem benefits (e.g. wildlife habitat, soil and water conservation, carbon storage), living screens and provides aesthetic benefits.

10. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. MDA GRANT OBJECTIVE:  Document the potential of vegetative windbreaks at turkey facilities to reduce or prevent the spread of - Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) and other diseases.

11. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. GRANT TASKS AND RESULTS:  Literature review = 45 documents  Survey Turkey Growers – 24  Survey SWCD/NRCS – 27  ID best trees and shrubs – from surveys +  Evaluate wild bird and wildlife around turkey barns (trail cams)  Develop – fact sheets, videos, presentations for educational outreach

12. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. SURVEY OF NRCS/SWCD:  County Planning and Zoning requires tree plantings around livestock barns  Mostly trees not shrubs  Snow reduction  Odor control  Ventilation concerns  Visual aesthetics  Fruit shrubs may attract wild birds

13. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. SHRUBS:  Dogwood (redosier, gray)  American (Highbush) Cranberry  Lilac (common purple, villosa)  Common Chokecherry  Common Ninebark  Honeysuckle  Nannyberry  Serviceberry

16. © 2016 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. VEGETATIVE PLANTINGS AND PLACEMENT:  Shrubs: Dogwoods 4-6’ in row Am Cranberry 10-12’ between Hazelnuts  Deciduous: Oak 15-20’ in row Hackberry 20-30’ between Maple  Conifers: BH Spruce 15-20’ in row Pine 20-30’ between Cedar (small trees)

17. Height and Density determines the storage capacity of the snowfence or windbreak. WINDBREAK DESIGN FOR SNOW

18. WINDBREAK DENSITY

19. Windbreaks/Shelterbelts – Working Trees:

22. Shelterbelts also act as Living Snow Fences: Plantings should be a minimum of 150’ to 200’ away from the Barn. (The shrub row in this planting is nearly 300’ from the barn and the spruce is 150’ from the barn) Barn

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Vegetative windbreaks for poultry farms

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