2. INTRODUCTION
The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek word
mitos , i.e. "thread",and chondrion, i.e. "granule".
The mitochondrion is a membrane bound organelles
found in most eukaryotic cells (the cells that make
up plants, animals, fungi, and many other forms of
life).
These structures are sometimes described as "cellular
power plants" because they generate most of the cell's
supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a
source of chemical energy.
3.
4. HISTORY OF MITOCHONDRIA
The first observations of intracellular structures that
probably represent mitochondria were published in
the 1840s.
In 1894, established them as cell organelles and called
them "bioblasts“ BY- “Richard Altmann”
The term "mitochondria" itself was coined by Carl
Benda in 1898.
5. STRUCTURE OF MITOCHODRIA
Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 micrometer (μm)
in diameter.
The number of mitochondria in a cell varies widely by
organism and tissue type.
Many cells have only a single mitochondrion, whereas
others can contain several thousand mitochondria..
6. Structure (cont….)
Mitochondria have two membranes.
The outer membrane covers the organelle & contains
it.
The inner membrane folds over many times called
cristae..
Many of the chemical reaction happen on the inner
membrane of the mitochondria .
The fluid inside of the mitochondria is called the
MATRIX.
7. Function of mitochondria
The matrix is filled with water and proteins (enzymes)
Those protein take food molecules and combine them
with oxygen.
The mitochondria are the only place in the cell where
oxygen can be combined with the food molecules.
8. Function (cont)……
After the oxygen is added , the material can be
digested.
They are working organelles that keep the cell full of
energy.
A mitochondria may also be involved in controlling
the concentration of calcium within the cell.
9. Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Mitochondrial disorders often present themselves as
neurological disorders, but can manifest as myopathy
, diabetes .
Mitochondria have been implicated in several human
diseases, including mitochondria disorders and
cardiac dysfunction..
