The document summarizes key events related to the start and major battles of World War I. It explains that the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand led to escalating alliances that drew European powers into war. Three major battles discussed are the First Battle of the Marne in 1914, the Gallipoli campaign in 1915, and the Battle of Jutland in 1916. The war ended on November 11, 1918 with the signing of an armistice between Germany and Allied forces.
4. How Did WW1 Start
It was in the city of Sarajevo, in June 28, 1914, that the chain of events that started World War One was set off.
Within a month and a half, Europe’s five major powers were at war. The immediate cause of World War I was the
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a Serbian-nationalist terrorist group
called the Black Hand sent groups to assassinate the Archduke. Their first attempt failed when a driver avoided a
grenade thrown at their car. However, later that day a Serbian nationalist named Gavrilo Princip shot the Archduke
and his wife while they were driving through Sarajevo, Bosnia which was part of Austria-Hungary. They died of their
wounds . This led to war between both the contries Because its leader had been shot, Austria-Hungary declared war
on Serbia. Russia got involved because Russia had an alliance with Serbia. Germany then declared war on Russia
because Germany had an alliance with Austria-Hungary . Britain declared war on Germany because of its invasion of
neutral Belgium - Britain had agreements to protect both Belgium and France.
5. Famous Battles of ww1
FIRST BATTLE OF THE MARNE
At the start of the First World War, Germany hoped to avoid fighting on two fronts by knocking out France before
turning to Russia, France’s ally. The initial German offensive had some early success, but there were not enough
reinforcements immediately available to sustain momentum. The French and British launched a counter-offensive at
the Marne (6-10 September 1914) and after several days of bitter fighting the Germans retreated.
Germany’s failure to defeat the French and the British at the Marne also had important strategic implications. The
Russians had mobilised more quickly than the Germans had anticipated and launched their first offensive within two
weeks of the war’s outbreak.
6. Famous battles of ww1
GALLIPOLI
The Gallipoli campaign (25 April 1915 - 9 January 1916) was the land-based element of a strategy intended to allow
Allied ships to pass through the Dardanelles, capture Constantinople (now Istanbul) and ultimately knock Ottoman
Turkey out of the war. But Allied plans were based on the mistaken belief that the Ottomans could be easily overcome.
At dawn on 25 April 1915, Allied troops landed on the Gallipoli peninsula in Ottoman Turkey. General Sir Ian
Hamilton decided to make two landings, placing the British 29th Division at Cape Helles and the Australian and New
Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) north of Gaba Tepe in an area later called Anzac Cove.
7. JUTLAND
The German High Seas Fleet hoped to weaken the Royal Navy by launching an ambush on the British Grand Fleet in
the North Sea. German Admiral Reinhard Scheer planned to lure out both Admiral Sir David Beatty’s Battlecruiser
Force and Admiral Sir John Jellicoe's Grand Fleet. Scheer hoped to destroy Beatty’s force before Jellicoe’s arrived,
but the British were warned by their codebreakers and put both forces to sea early.
8. World War One ended at 11am
on 11 November, 1918.
This became known as Armistice
Day - the day Germany signed an
armistice (an agreement for peace)
which caused the fighting to stop.
People in Britain, France and the
countries that supported them
celebrated.
The Great War ends
