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Different types of galaxies By: Samantha Derzay
Classifying Galaxies Spiral galaxies Elliptical galaxies Irregular galaxies  Lenticular
Spiral Galaxies  A flattened disk of gas, and dust-rich material that orbits the nucleus of old red and yellow stars Stars occur throughout the galaxy, but the brightest cluster of young blue and white stars are found  in the arms The stars and space objects rotate faster closer to the center than the ones father away
Spiral Galaxies Classification  They are classified for how tightly together the arms of the galaxy are  The scale is Sa- Sd  Sa, is the most tight  Sd, is very loose  If the galaxy has a bar through the galaxy, the scale is SBa-SBd
Elliptical Galaxies  They range from being the biggest to smallest galaxies  Scientist believe that there must be a lot of Dark Matter holding the stars together  Show little structure other than a simple sphere  Almost all of the stars yellow and red  Rarely any sign of star-forming gas and dust
Elliptical Galaxies Classification  They are classified according to their shape  The scale is E0- E7  E0 having the shape of a sphere  E7 having the shape of an oval  They are also classifies by their size Giant Elliptical: located at the center of a galaxy clusters Intermediate Galaxy Dwarf Elliptical
Lenticular Galaxies  At first they look like Elliptical, however around the nucleus there is gas The gas would link them to Spiral galaxies, but the nucleus is considerably larger   The overall shape looks like a lens, which is the root word for Lenticular  If you were to look at a Lenticular galaxy face on, it could be mistakenly classified as a Elliptical galaxy  If you look at a Spiral galaxy with a large nucleus edge on, it could look like a Lenticular galaxy
Irregular Galaxies  Galaxies  that do not fit into Spiral, Elliptical, or Lenticular These galaxies contain a lot of gas, dust, and blue stars Many Irregular galaxies typically have great waves of star formation sweeping through the galaxy called “starbursts” They frequently have vast, pink, hydrogen-emission nebulae where star formation is taking place Some Irregular galaxies are colliding with other galaxies or being pulled apart by neighboring galaxies gravity
The Milky Way Comparison Classified as a SBc (barred spiral galaxy)  Diameter: 100,000 light years  Thickness: 1,000 light years  Mass: 700,000,000,000 M (M= solar mass)  Number of Stars: 100-400 billion  Oldest known star: 13.2 billion years  Andromeda is classified as a SAb  Number of stars: 1 trillion  Larger than the Milky Way
Andromeda Galaxy  Classified as a SAb

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Different types of galaxies

  • 1. Different types of galaxies By: Samantha Derzay
  • 2. Classifying Galaxies Spiral galaxies Elliptical galaxies Irregular galaxies Lenticular
  • 3. Spiral Galaxies A flattened disk of gas, and dust-rich material that orbits the nucleus of old red and yellow stars Stars occur throughout the galaxy, but the brightest cluster of young blue and white stars are found in the arms The stars and space objects rotate faster closer to the center than the ones father away
  • 4. Spiral Galaxies Classification They are classified for how tightly together the arms of the galaxy are The scale is Sa- Sd Sa, is the most tight Sd, is very loose If the galaxy has a bar through the galaxy, the scale is SBa-SBd
  • 5. Elliptical Galaxies They range from being the biggest to smallest galaxies Scientist believe that there must be a lot of Dark Matter holding the stars together Show little structure other than a simple sphere Almost all of the stars yellow and red Rarely any sign of star-forming gas and dust
  • 6. Elliptical Galaxies Classification They are classified according to their shape The scale is E0- E7 E0 having the shape of a sphere E7 having the shape of an oval They are also classifies by their size Giant Elliptical: located at the center of a galaxy clusters Intermediate Galaxy Dwarf Elliptical
  • 7. Lenticular Galaxies At first they look like Elliptical, however around the nucleus there is gas The gas would link them to Spiral galaxies, but the nucleus is considerably larger The overall shape looks like a lens, which is the root word for Lenticular If you were to look at a Lenticular galaxy face on, it could be mistakenly classified as a Elliptical galaxy If you look at a Spiral galaxy with a large nucleus edge on, it could look like a Lenticular galaxy
  • 8. Irregular Galaxies Galaxies that do not fit into Spiral, Elliptical, or Lenticular These galaxies contain a lot of gas, dust, and blue stars Many Irregular galaxies typically have great waves of star formation sweeping through the galaxy called “starbursts” They frequently have vast, pink, hydrogen-emission nebulae where star formation is taking place Some Irregular galaxies are colliding with other galaxies or being pulled apart by neighboring galaxies gravity
  • 9. The Milky Way Comparison Classified as a SBc (barred spiral galaxy) Diameter: 100,000 light years Thickness: 1,000 light years Mass: 700,000,000,000 M (M= solar mass) Number of Stars: 100-400 billion Oldest known star: 13.2 billion years Andromeda is classified as a SAb Number of stars: 1 trillion Larger than the Milky Way
  • 10. Andromeda Galaxy Classified as a SAb