Python is a high-level, interpreted, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation. Python is dynamically-typed and garbage-collected..
In this PPT I have described all about python like :- What is Python, History, Versions, Features, Advantages, Disadvantages, Career opportunities, Training and certifications.
2. Python is a high-level, interpreted, general-
purpose programming language. Its design
philosophy emphasizes code readability
with the use of significant indentation.
Python is dynamically-typed and garbage-
collected..
3. Python is a widely used general-purpose, high-level
programming language. It was initially designed by
Guido van Rossum in 1991 and developed by
Python Software Foundation. It was mainly
developed for emphasis on code readability, and its
syntax allows programmers to express concepts in
fewer lines of code.
• In the late 1980s, history was about to be written. It was that time
when working on Python started. Soon after that, Guido Van
Rossum began doing its application based work in December of
1989 by at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatics (CWI) which is
situated in Netherlands.
• It was started firstly as a hobby project because he was looking for
an interesting project to keep him occupied during Christmas. The
programming language which Python is said to have succeeded is
ABC Programming Language, which had the interfacing with the
Amoeba Operating System and had the feature of exception
handling.
4. Python Version 1
• Python reached version 1.0 in January 1994. The major new features included in
this release were the functional programming tools lambda, map, filter and reduce.
Van Rossum stated that "Python acquired lambda, reduce(), filter() and map(),
courtesy of a Lisp hacker who missed them and submitted working patches”.
• The last version released while Van Rossum was at CWI was Python 1.2. In 1995,
Van Rossum continued his work on Python at the Corporation for National
Research Initiatives (CNRI) in Reston, Virginia from where he released several
versions.
• By version 1.4, Python had acquired several new features. Notable among these
are the Modula-3 inspired keyword arguments(which are also similar to Common
Lisp's keyword arguments) and built-in support for complex numbers. Also
included is a basic form of data hiding by name mangling, though this is easily
bypassed.
5. Python 2.0, released October 2000,introduced list comprehensions, a feature borrowed from
the functional programming languages SETL and Haskell. Python's syntax for this construct
is very similar to Haskell's, apart from Haskell's preference for punctuation characters and
Python's preference for alphabetic keywords. Python 2.0 also introduced a garbage collector
capable of collecting reference cycles.[
Python 2.1 was close to Python 1.6.1, as well as Python 2.0. Its license was renamed Python
Software Foundation License. All code, documentation and specifications added, from the
time of Python 2.1's alpha release on, is owned by the Python Software Foundation (PSF),
a non-profit organization formed in 2001, modeled after the Apache Software Foundation.
The release included a change to the language specification to support nested scopes, like
other statically scoped languages.(The feature was turned off by default, and not required,
until Python 2.2.)
6. Python 3.0 (also called "Python 3000" or "Py3K") was released on December 3, 2008.It was
designed to rectify fundamental design flaws in the language—the changes required could not be
implemented while retaining full backwards compatibility with the 2.x series, which necessitated
a new major version number. The guiding principle of Python 3 was: "reduce feature duplication
by removing old ways of doing things".
Python 3.0 was developed with the same philosophy as in prior versions. However, as Python
had accumulated new and redundant ways to program the same task, Python 3.0 had an
emphasis on removing duplicative constructs and modules, in keeping with "There should be
one— and preferably only one —obvious way to do it".
Nonetheless, Python 3.0 remained a multi-paradigm language. Coders could still follow object-
oriented, structured and functional programming paradigms, among others, but within such
broad choices, the details were intended to be more obvious in Python 3.0 than they were in
Python 2.x.
7. 1. Implementation
started – December,
1989.
2. Internal releases
at Centrum Wiskunde
& Informatica – 1990
Version Latest micro
version
Release
Date
End of
full
support
End of
security
fixes
0.9 0.9.9 1991-02-20 1993-07-29
1.0 1.0.4 1994-01-26 1994-02-15
1.1 1.1.1 1994-10-11 1994-11-10
1.2 1995-04-13 Unsupported
1.3 1995-10-13 Unsupported
1.4 1996-10-25 Unsupported
1.5 1.5.2 1998-01-03 1999-04-13
1.6 1.6.1 2000-09-05 2000-09
8. 1) Easy to Learn and Use
Python is easy to learn as compared to other programming languages. Its
syntax is straightforward and much the same as the English language.
There is no use of the semicolon or curly-bracket, the indentation defines
the code block. It is the recommended programming language for
beginners.
2) Expressive Language
Python can perform complex tasks using a few lines of code. A simple
example, the hello world program you simply type print("Hello World").
It will take only one line to execute, while Java or C takes multiple lines.
9. 3) Interpreted Language
Python is an interpreted language; it means the Python program is executed one
line at a time. The advantage of being interpreted language, it makes debugging
easy and portable.
4) Cross-platform Language
Python can run equally on different platforms such as Windows, Linux, UNIX, and
Macintosh, etc. So, we can say that Python is a portable language. It enables programmers to
develop the software for several competing platforms by writing a program only once.
5) Free and Open Source
Python is freely available for everyone. It is freely available on its official
website www.python.org. It has a large community across the world that is dedicatedly
working towards make new python modules and functions. Anyone can contribute to the
Python community. The open-source means, "Anyone can download its source code without
paying any penny.“
6) Object-Oriented Language
Python supports object-oriented language and concepts of classes and objects come into
existence. It supports inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation, etc. The object-oriented
procedure helps to programmer to write reusable code and develop applications in less code.
10. 1. Easy to Read, Learn and Write
Python is a high-level programming language that has English-like syntax. This makes it easier to
read and understand the code.
Python is really easy to pick up and learn, that is why a lot of people recommend Python to
beginners. You need less lines of code to perform the same task as compared to other major
languages like C/C++ and Java.
2. Improved Productivity
Python is a very productive language. Due to the simplicity of Python, developers can focus on
solving the problem. They don’t need to spend too much time in understanding
the syntax or behavior of the programming language. You write less code and get more things done.
Python is a very productive language. Due to the simplicity of Python, developers can focus on
solving the problem. They don’t need to spend too much time in understanding
the syntax or behavior of the programming language. You write less code and get more things done.
11. 3. Interpreted Language
Python is an interpreted language which means that Python directly executes the code line by line. In
case of any error, it stops further execution and reports back the error which has occurred.
Python shows only one error even if the program has multiple errors. This makes debugging easier.
4. Dynamically Typed
Python doesn’t know the type of variable until we run the code. It automatically assigns the data type
during execution. The programmer doesn’t need to worry about declaring variables and their data
types.
5. Free and Open-Source
Python comes under the OSI approved open-source license. This makes it free to use and distribute.
You can download the source code, modify it and even distribute your version of Python. This is useful
for organizations that want to modify some specific behavior and use their version for development.
6. Vast Libraries Support
The standard library of Python is huge, you can find almost all the functions needed for your task. So,
you don’t have to depend on external libraries.
But even if you do, a Python package manager (pip) makes things easier to import other great packages
from the Python package index (PyPi). It consists of over 200,000 packages.
12. 1.Slow Speed:- We discussed above that python is an interpreted language and dynamically typed
language. The line by line execution of code often leads to slow execution.
2. Not Memory Efficient:- To provide simplicity to the developer, Python has to do a little
tradeoff. The Python programming language uses a large amount of memory.
3.Weak in Mobile Computing:- Python is generally used in server-side programming. We
don’t get to see Python on the client-side or mobile applications because of the following
reasons. Python is not memory efficient and it has slow processing power as compared to
other languages.
4. Database Access:- Programming in Python is easy and stress-free. But when we are interacting
with the database, it lacks behind.
The Python’s database access layer is primitive and underdeveloped in comparison to the
popular technologies like JDBC and ODBC.
5. Runtime Errors:- As we know Python is a dynamically typed language so the data type of a
variable can change anytime. A variable containing integer number may hold a string in the
future, which can lead to Runtime Errors.
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