1) Beekeeping is the maintenance of honeybee colonies by humans in hives for their pollination services and products like honey, wax, propolis, and bee venom. 2) There are four main species of honeybees reared in India - Apis dorsata, Apis cerana indica, Apis florea, and Apis mellifera - which provide different levels of honey yield. 3) Important beekeeping equipment includes hives like the Newton's hive and Langstroth hive, as well as a smoker, honey extractor, comb foundation sheets, and protective beekeeping clothing and gloves.

1. UNIVERSITY OF ALLAHABAD
DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY
TOPIC :- BEEKEEPING
SUBMITTED BY
SANDEEP SOHAN YADAV
M.Sc. ( Ag. Zoo & Ento )
SUBMITTED TO
Prof. BANALATA
MOHANTY (HOD)

2. BEEKEEPING

3. Introduction. :-
Beekeeping is an art and science of managing
honeybee. Honeybee are special gift to mankind
because beekeeping can be done for both their
pollination services and their products such as
honey, Wax, Propolis, Bee Venom etc.
Beekeeping :-
Beekeeping is also known as Apiculture. It is the
maintenance of bee colonies, commonly in hives
by humans ( beekeepers ).

4. What is Honeybee ?
Classification :-
Honeybee is a stinging, winged insect, which
collect nectar and pollen, produces wax and
honey and lives in large community.
Kingdom :- Animalia
Phylum :- Arthropoda
Class :- Insecta
Order :- Hymenoptera
Family :- Apidae
Genus :- Apis spp.

5. Who lives in colony ?
It is only fertile
female in colony.
One queen
present in hive
and her job is to
lay the eggs.
Her hind legs
have pollen
basket for
collecting the
pollen and
nectar.
It can live up to
about 60 days.
Duty of drone is
to fertilized the
vergin queen.

6. Species of Honeybee :-
There are mainly 4 types of honeybee
rearing in India.
( 1 ) Apis dorsata ( Rock bee )
It produce the large quantity of honey
approximately 25-30 kg / comb / year .

7. ( 2 ) Apis cerana indica
It produced an average honey yield
of 7-9 kg/comb/year.

8. ( 3 ) Apis florea
Honey yield is poor, approx
300 - 500 gram/comb/year.

9. ( 4 ) Apis mellifera
It produced average honey yield of
25 - 40 kg / comb / year .

10. Honeybee foraging :-
India is a vast country with different
climatic zones providing rich flora for
honeybees.

11. Crops benifitted by honeybee pollination :-
Fruits nuts, vegetables and vegetables seeds crops,
oilseed crops, flowers crops, forage crops.

12. Off season food supplement
Many types of Syrup use as food for bee

13. ( 1 ) Sugar Syrup
( 2 ) Rice Bran Syrup
( 3 ) Maize Syrup
( 4 ) Banana Syrup
( 5 ) Pumpkin Syrup Fed by Bees

14. Quantity - 100 gram
+ +
+
=
Syrup
installed
in hive

15. Beekeeping equipment :-
Modern beekeeping equipments make work easy
for commercial handlers.
Newton's hive BIS hive Marthandam hive Longstroth hive
Newton's hive, BIS hive and Marthandam hive are suitable
for rearing Indian bee. Longstroth hive are suitable for
rearing Apis mellifera ( Italian bee).

16. Newton's hive :-
The Newton’s hive consist of six
components they are:-
Stand
Floor board
Brood chamber
Queen excluder
Super chamber
Top covers

17. ( 1 ) Stand :-
The stand keep the hive above the ground.
The pole is soaked in a wood preservative or a mix of
engine oil and paint thinner to prevent termites and
ants.
( 2 ) Bottom board :-
It provides a landing platform for bees.
It form the floor of the hive and is made
up of a single piece of wood or two piece
of wood join together.

18. ( 3 ) Brood chamber :-
It’s placed over the bottom board.
It contains 7 brood frames.
The brood frame contain comb foundation sheet .
It is used for laying egg and to keep the brood.
( 4 ) Queen excluder :-
Queen excluder is a board used to keep the queen
inside the brood chamber and to prevent it to
enter the super chamber.
It’s kept between brood chamber and super
chamber.
It prevent the queen to laying eggs in the honey
bees comb.

19. ( 5 ) Super chamber :-
It’s an open wooden box containing honey comb
frame.
There are seven super frames. The super frames
contains foundation comb sheet.
It is used to store honey and pollen.
( 6 ) Top cover :-
It’s placed over the super chamber.
It has two sloping planks.
The super surface of the cover is covered with zinc or
tin sheet.
There are two holes covered with air mesh on the
cover for ventilation.

20. Another Beekeeping Equipments

21. Smoker :-
The smoker is a
metal cylinder in
which smoke is
produced by
igniting fire.

22. Honey Extractor :-
It consists of a
metal drum with a
centrifugally
rotating device, for
the extraction of
honey fromes.

23. Comb foundation sheets :-
Comb foundation sheets will save the energy of
honey bees for building their combs as we are
providing the basement.

24. Decapping knife :-
The decapping knife may be a
normal plane steel knife or an
electric heated knife.

25. Bee veil :-
It is worm over the face for
protection against stings.

26. Gloves :-
Gloves may be made of heavy
canvas or rubberized cloth.

27. Honeybee Products

28. Honey production has increased from
76,150 MTs (2013-14) to 1,20,000 MTs
(2019-20) which is 57.58 % increase.
Honey Production Data
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
2013-14 2019-29
Chart Title
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3
57.58%
Increase

29. Punjab is the major state in beekeeping in the
nation, with around 35,000 beekeepers
delivering around 15,000 metric tonnes of
honey.
State Data
39 %
Honey Production

30. THANK YOU