Environmental science Module 2 Topic. This PPT is not a work of mine and was provided by our college professor during our graduation, so I am not sure about the original author. The credit goes to the Original author.

1. Acid Rain
 Acid rain is basically rain that has a higher than
normal acid level (low pH). It can have harmful
effects on plants, aquatic animal and
infrastructure.

3. Acid Deposition
Wet Deposition
Dry Deposition
 It refers to acidic rain, fog and snow. If the acid chemicals in the
air are blown into areas where the weather is wet, the acid can fall
to the form of rain, snow, fog or mist. As this water flow over and
through the ground, it affect a variety of plants and animals.
 In area where the weather is dry, the acid chemicals may become
incorporated into dust or smoke and fall to the ground through
dry deposition sticking to the ground, buildings, home, cars, and
trees.

4. Causes
 Burning coal. Oil and natural gas in power stations makes
electricity, giving off sulphur dioxide gas.
 Burning petrol and oil in vehicle engines gives off nitrogen
oxides as gases.
 These gases mix with water vapour and rainwater in the
atmosphere producing weak solutions of sulphuric and
nitric acids – which fall as acid rain.

6. a). Effect On Non Living
 The Taj Mahal in Agra, suffering
from sulphur di oxide, sulphuric
acid and other fumes pollutants
released from Mathura Refinery.
 Acid Rain causes extensive
damage to building, statues,
bridges, & structural materials
of marble, lime stone, etc.

7. b). Effect On Living
 Effect on Human Health
 The sulfur dioxide and nitrogen
oxide gases, causes respiratory
diseases like asthma, chronic
bronchitis, etc.
 Tiny Particles cause difficulty in
breathing for humans and animals
& also lead to permanent lung
damage.

8. •Effect On Water Animal
 Acid Rain increases the acidity of lakes & rivers, which is
directly effect the aquatic ecosystem.

9. •Effect On Trees & Soil
 Acid Rain dissolves all the nutrients and the useful
minerals for the tree to grow.
 Weakens the process of photosynthesis.
 Acc. to modern researches, Acid Rain leaches potassium,
calcium, magnesium, etc essential elements from the top of
soil & When soil is contaminated, cereal (arable)
production crops.
 Acids activate aluminium from the soil which leaches into
water and fish die. Drinking water is contaminated

10. Control Measurement
 Fit scrubbers into factory’s chimneys, which are chemical
filters that remove impurities such as sulphur from smoke.
 Cars can be fitted with special converters which remove
dangerous chemicals.
 Reduce the amount of electricity we use
- turn tv’s off at the mains, don’t leave on standby.
- turn off lights when a room is not in use.
 Use renewable energy like wind power, solar panels, tidal
power, HEP schemes and geothermal energy.
 Fit catalytic converters to vehicle exhausts which remove
the nitrogen oxides.
 Limit the number of vehicles on the roads and increase
public transport.