There are some motivational elements for publishing. These elements are important for young researchers and faculty members. We should also keep in mind the quality indices such as h-index or impact factor associated with publications.

1. Motivation for
publishing & quality
indices
Dr S G Deshmukh
Mechanical Engineering Department
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
23 Dec 2019
ISME Author’s workshop , IIT Delhi

2. Purpose of this workshop
To ‘clarify’ and ‘share knowledge’ about the publishing process.
To observe good practice in paper writing.
To provide tips
To encourage all of you to publish in ISME journals
ISME Journals
ISME Journal of Thermofluids
ISME Journal of Mechanics and Design
ISME Journal of Manufacturing Sciences
Follow-up: We are always available to help.
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3. Acknowledgement
This presentation is based on compilation from various sources (both
online and offline).
Many of the images /photos are taken from the sources available
in public domain.
Thankful to Dr Jitesh Thakkar (IIT Kgp) for his comments/observations.
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4. Why should I write?
To express myself
To showcase my creativity
To share and disseminate my knowledge base
To widen my network
To enhance my documentation skills
To organize myself

5. Perspective on writing ..1..
Writing is mother of learning !
Active , engaged and involved learning
Experimenting and enhancing your learning
Process of learning to monitor, evaluate, and change your own
Learning and thinking
Different world view
Motivation and emotion
Behavior
Lifelong process that can be nurtured and refined over time
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6. Perspective on writing ..2..
 Psychology of writing is important
 Writing is a strategical expertise (Breiter, C., & Scardamalia, M. ,
1987)
 Writing is one of the most effective way to learn (Lonka & Ahola,
1995)
 Writing is researcher’s main daily activity – everything else is
activated though writing
 Writing and reading go together –synergy effect
 Nobody ”owns the ideas” – the ideas derive from collaborative
knowledge building
 Remember Google scholar's tag line…
 Bereiter, C., & Scardamalia, M. (1987). The Psychology of Written Composition. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
 Lonka K & Ahola K (1995) instruction: How to foster study and thinking skills in higher education Eur J of Psy of Edu,
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7. Importance of Documentation
It is important to understand the importance of documentation.
One must be comfortable in documentation and in the habit of writing.
A regular habit is to be formed wherein writing skills are to be honed.
The writing could include: summary of a paper, some observations about
a phenomenon, a critique of the literature, etc. The following could be
opportunities to hone such skills:
Minutes of the meeting between guide and student
Minutes of the proceedings between an expert and you
Observations based on a recent Ph D viva voce attended
Summary of the proceedings of a conference /workshop attended.7

8. Proper Articulation
In the end, what matters is proper articulation of
ideas and work in the form of paper
A paper cannot be built upon unless its components
such as background, literature review, methodology,
discussion, conclusions, etc. are formed and woven
properly.
Intermediate findings must be communicated- may be
through conference papers/social media/notes
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9. Little ways to motivate yourself for writing..
1 Imagine yourself writing
2 Remind yourself the REASON why you’re writing
3 Commit to a daily goal
4 Let yourself write horribly, just get that 1st draft out!
5 Find a quiet, clean, well-lit place to write
6 Ask a good friend to critique your topic
7 Hang out with successful or self-driven people
8 Challenge yourself on your next article
9 Use tools to help you write better
10 Talk to other writers
11 Write something you can teach
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Source: Tiffany Sun
https://writingcooperative.com/30-little-ways-to-motivate-yourself-to-write-right-now-9982e80c408d

10. Why should I publish?
For academic pursuits
For sharing my research and findings
For enhancing my visibility (both in print and in
emedia)
For promotion /API purpose
For stimulus
For competitive spirit !!

11. Why do we publish papers ? ..1..
R1- Knowledge contribution
R2- Spreading of research outcome
R3- Enhance author prestige/esteem
R4- Institute/university prestige/esteem
R5- Demonstrate technical leadership
R6- Critical reviewing by subject specialists
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12. Why do we publish papers ? ..2..
R7- Practical and industrial exposure
enlarged due to publishing
R8- Developing of international profile
R9- Enlarge networking
R10- Job requirement
R11- Personal satisfaction
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13. Types of Journals
Indexed Journal ( - higher priority) –SCI, SCI-e/ Scopus etc.
Open access journals
Other journals (Non-indexed)
Conference proceedings (Indexed / Non-indexed)
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14. Differences: Authors and Readers
There is a difference in perspectives !
Authors are journal (Its quality, impact)focused
Authors concerned about his/her visibility
Readers are article focused
Readers want value for time.
Publish more/read less dichotomy

15. Typical layout of a paper
Title Clearly describes the content
Authors Names and affiliations
Abstract Summarizes what was done
Keywords 4-5 keywords for indexing and abstracting purpose
Introduction Explains the problem at hand
Brief Literature Survey Describes previous work and possible gaps
Methods Explains what methodology /model/experimental set up was used
Result Describes what was observed
Discussion Discusses implications of results
Conclusion Gives summary, limitations and also scope for further work
Acknowledgements Ensures who helped in the process
References Ensures previous work is cited according to established formats
Appendix Provides supplemental data/questionnaire/details of set up
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16. Enablers for publishing
Make a habit of reading quality papers
Identify good students
Partner with other faculty/institutes
Attend conferences/seminars/workshops
Pursue joint Ph d guidance
Leverage collaboration with others
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17. Motivation for Metrics
Productivity
Visibility
Reputation
Impact
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18. Research Evaluation Metrics
 https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000
232210
 Unit 1. Introduction to Research Evaluation
Metrics and Related Indicators.
 Unit 2. Innovations in Measuring Science
and Scholarship: Analytical Tools and
Indicators in Evaluation Scholarship
Communications.
 Unit 3. Article and Author Level
Measurements, and
 Unit 4. Online Citation and Reference
Management Tools.
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19. Quality Indices
Author level
Journal level
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20. Author level indices
Number of citations Total citations received by an article, with data
obtained from a citation database.
Citations per paper Citation divided by number of papers
Citations per year Citations divided by number of years
H-index A scientist has index h if h of [his/her] Np
papers have at least h citations each, and the
other (Np − h) papers have at most h citations
each.
i10-index the number of publications with at least 10
citations
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21. H-Index : Example
Article # ---- Times Cited
 1---- 91
 2-----82
 3-----45
 5-----18
 6-----13
 7-----12
 8 ---- 9
 9 ---- 8
 10--- 5
 11---- 2
 12---- 1
An author has index h if h of [his/her] Np papers have at
least h citations each, and the other (Np − h) papers have
at most h citations each
Dr. Jorge E. Hirsch, University of San Diego

22. H-Index: Example
Article # ---- Times Cited
 1-----91
 2-----82
 3-----45
 5-----18
 6-----13
 7-----12
 8 ---- 9
 9 ---- 8
 10--- 5
 11---- 2
 12---- 1
8 articles have been cited at least 8 or more
times and the remaining articles have been
cited 8 or less
An author has index h if h of [his/her] Np papers have at
least h citations each, and the other (Np − h) papers
have at most h citations each

23. Other metrics
I10 index number of publications with at least 10 citations. The second column has
the "recent" version of this metric which is the number of publications
that have received at least 10 new citations in the last 5 years
M quotient H index / y where y is the number of years since publishing the first paper
g index Given a set of articles] ranked in decreasing order of the number of
citations that they received, the g-index is the (unique) largest number
such that the top g articles received (together) at least g² citations
Field-Weighted
Citation Impact
(FWCI)
The ratio of citations received relative to the expected world average. A
field-weighted citation impact of 1 indicates the expected global average
number of citations have received. More than 1 indicates the expected
global average has been exceeded, and less than 1 shows the expected
global average has not been met.
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24. 24

25. Journal level indices
Impact factor a measure of the frequency with which the average
article in a journal has been cited in a particular year.
SCImago Journal
Rank (SJR)
This is a prestige metric with the idea that not all
citation have the same weight . For this reason it
considers the number of citations as well as the
journals where citations come from. This is a
competitive measure to Impact Factor, and is
calculated and published by Scopus .
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In management domain, ABDC categories of journals are preferred (A*, A, B and C category)
Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC) Journal Quality List https://abdc.edu.au/research/abdc-
journal-list/

26. Impact Factor (IF)
Impact factor of a journal is the average number of
citations to those papers that were published during the
two preceding years
Calculation of 2019 IF of a journal:
A = the number of times articles published in 2017
and 2018 were cited by indexed journals during 2019
B = the total number of "citable items" published in
2017 & 2018 .
2019 impact factor = A/B
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27. Motivation for engagement..
No magic formula
Practice, Practice and Practice !
Identify your own motivational elements and work
on that
Everyone is special !
Through students? Through peers ?Through
collaboration? Through role models ???

28. ???
I don’t have time
I do not know how to
write
I am confused
I do not have adequate
journal support
I am a greenhorn !
I get upset when I get a reject
from a journal
I do not know where to start
English is not my language
My supervisor does not help
me
I have an inferiority complex !

29. Manuscript Matching Tools
• Edanz Journal Selector
• https://en-author-services.edanzgroup.com/journal-selector
• Endnote – Manuscript Matcher
https://endnote.com/product-details/manuscript-matcher/
SAGE Path (publisher specific)
https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/sagepath
• Elsevier Journal Finder - (publisher specific)
• https://journalfinder.elsevier.com/
• Springer Journal Selector - (publisher specific)
• https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-
helpdesk/preparation/1276

30. Action agenda..
One has to keep himself/herself engaged -
Mechanisms of engagement may vary
Keep publishing
Be systems oriented
Evolve mechanism to get feedback

31. Author “Aaadhar”
ORCID
Open Researcher and
Contributor ID
orcid.org/0000-0002-7043-6948 https://orcid.org/
Scopus ID Author ID: 7102221659 https://www.scopus.com
Web of Science
ResearcherID
E-8267-2013 https://publons.com
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32. Remarks..
Visibility in digital world is a must (Google
scholar/Scopus) social media(ResearchGate/academia
etc.) – source of motivation?
Open access journals as a viable medium
Webinars/online conferences etc.
Working in 24x7 in a flattened world
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33. Useful material ..
 https://phdlife.warwick.ac.uk/
 http://www.mun.ca/educ/faculty/mwatch/vol42/winter2015/Bahar_Haghighat-PhD_Shock.pdf
 https://www.elsevier.com/connect/10-ways-to-make-your-phd-experience-easier-and-more-enjoyable
 https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/10-truths-a-phd-supervisor-will-never-tell-
you/2005513.article
 http://www.sciencemag.org/careers/2017/04/phd-students-face-significant-mental-health-challenges
 http://paeaonline.org/earning-a-phd-10-problems-that-could-blindside-you/
 http://ijds.org/Volume10/IJDSv10p039-055Bogelund0714.pdf
 https://finishyourthesis.com/ebook/

34. Useful videos
1. Citations as currency https://www.webofstories.com/play/eugene.garfield/78
2 Eugene Garfield on Impact Factors http://www.webofstories.com/play/eugene.garfield/71
3 H-Index: A Measure of a Scientist's
Impact
http://www.webofstories.com/play/eugene.garfield/38
4 H-index http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P47yAH8yz9U
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35. Thank you !
deshmukh.sg@gmail.com