1) The document discusses various test techniques for measuring language abilities, including multiple choice, cloze, C-test, and dictation. 2) Multiple choice tests recognition knowledge but has reliable scoring while cloze and C-tests measure reading ability but are more difficult to score. 3) No single technique is sufficient and combining scores from different techniques that measure separate abilities can provide a more overall assessment of language proficiency.

1. TEST TECHNIQUES AND
TESTING OVERALL ABILITY
Presented by :
Novriyanti 201012500094
Novita Jumianingsih 201012500538
Nursanti Setiorini 201012500913
Putri Ayu Widiastuti 201012501130
Eliyati Ningsih 201012500227
Nurotun Sholiha 201012500606

2. What are test
techniques?
They are means of
eliciting behavior from
candidates which will tell
us about their language
abilities
1

3. What we need are techniques :
1. Will elicit behavior which is a reliable and
valid indicator of the ability
2. Will elicit behavior which can be reliably
scored
3. Are as economical of time and effort as
possible
4. Will have a beneficial backwash effect
2

4. Test Technique We are Discuss
MULITIPLE
CHOICE
CLOZE
C-TEST
DICTATION

5. MULTIPLE CHOICE
A stem of Multiple Choice
Rani has been here ___half an hour
a. during
b. for
c. While
d. since
4

6. MULTIPLE CHOICE
Advantages
Scoring is reliable and can be done rapidly and economical
Possible to include many more items than would otherwise
be possible in a given period of time – making the best more
reliable
Disadvantages
The techniques test only recognition knowledge
Guessing may have a considerable but unknowable
effect on test scores
The technique severely restricts what can be tested
It s very difficult to write successful items
Backwash may be harmful
Cheating may be facilitated

7. CLOZE
C-TEST
MEASURING OVERALL
ABILITY
DICTATION
Measure a variety of separate abilities
Combine score
This would be hardly economical if we
simply wanted to use test result for making
decisions which were not of critical
importance
8

8. CLOZE involves DELETING a
Cloze Procedure
number of word in a passage, leaving
blanks, and requiring the person taking
the test to attempt to replace the original
words
Recommended as a means of
measuring reading ability
9

9. HOW CAN WE ADAPT IT?
Example :
 Just as
have fur, birds have
(coats , animals) (feather , wings)
 Tonight my family will watch movie
at c
. The cinema not f
from
our home.
 One upon a
there live three pigs and a wolf.
The
pigs all built houses. The
pig built a
house from straw. The second pig built a
from
bricks.
10

10. Advice on Creating Cloze Type Passages
1. The chosen passages should be at a level of
difficulty appropriate.
2. The test should be of a style appropriate to the
kind of language ability being tested.
3. Deletions should be made at about every 8th or
10th word after few sentences of uninterrupted
text.
4. Passage should be tried out on native
speakers and range of acceptable answers
determined.

11. 5. Clear instructions should be devised
6. The layout should facilitate scoring
7. Anyone who is to take a cloze test should have had
several opportunities to become familiar with the
technique
8. Cloze test scores are not directly
interpretable

12. C-test
A variety of the cloze
Instead of whole words it is
the second half of every word that
is deleted
15

13. C-test
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
 Only exact scoring is
necessary
 Puzzle – like nature
 Shorter (and so more)
passages are possible
 May end up rather testing
one’s ability to figure out
puzzles than in testing
language ability
 In comparison to a cloze,
a C-Test of 100 items
takes little space and not
nearly so much time to
complete

14. Example of C-Test
There are usually five men
crew of a fire engine. One o
them dri
the eng
lea
sits bes
the dri
ot
firemen s
inside t
the f
engine.
in the
. The
. The
cab o
18

15. DICTATION
Initially dictation testing
dismissed as hopelessly
misguided
.
But, research showed high
correlations between
scores on dictation tests
and scores on longer more
complex tests
19

16. Dictation Testing
The candidate heard
only a stream of sound
which had to be decoded
into a succession of
words,
stored,
and
recreated on paper

17. • Advantages of Dictation
easy to create and
administer
• Weakness of dictation
Not easy to score
Time - consuming
Partial dictation may be considered
as a better alternative since it is
easier for both the test taker and the
scorer

18. Conclusion
One technique as multiple choice,
which has been recommended and
used for the testing of many
language abilities
The cloze technique has in
addition been recommended as a
means of measuring reading
ability

19. Conclusion
The C-Test is really a variety of
cloze, which its originators claim
is superior to the kind of cloze
described above
Dictation test is easy to create
and administer, but is not
easy to score. And then, it is
time-consuming