SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 26
Quality control of tablets
Presented By
Sarang Vilas Dalvi
Goverment College of Pharmacy , Amravati. 444604.
2017-2018
Contents:
• Introduction
• What is quality control?
• Need of quality control
• Types of quality control tests
• Conclusion
Introduction:
• Tablets are a solid dosage form of medicaments with or
without excipients which are prepared by compression or
moulding method and intended for oral administration for
local and systemic effect.
• They may vary in its size shape and weight depending on the
medicament and its mode of administration.
Why there is a need to perform Quality control tests
for tablets?
• To ensure safety,potency,efficacy,stability,patient acceptability
and patient compliance of tablet.
• To check wheather a pharmaceutical tablet satisfy certain
standards to claim it to be a quality drug or not.
• To check that the quality parameters are within the acceptance
limits or not.
What is Quality control?
• Quality control is a small part of QA and it is concerned with
sampling,testing and documentation during manufacturing and
also after completion of manufacturing.
• It is the monitoring process through which manufacturer
measures actual quality performance,compares it with
standards and find out the causes of deviation from standard to
ensure quality product not once but every time.
• In general terms,Quality control refers to a procedure or a set
of steps taken during the manufacturing of a product to ensure
that it meets requirements and that the product is reproducible.
Types of Quality control tests
1.Official tests
• Weight variation test
• Drug content
• Disintegration time test
• Dissolution test
2.Unofficial tests
• Thickness
• Hardness
• Friability
• Organoleptic characters
1.ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERS:
Colour:
• Many pharmaceutical tablets use color as a vital means of rapid
identification and consumer acceptance.
• The colour of a product must be uniform within a single tablet.Non-
uniformity is referred to as ‘mottling’ and hence it leads to poor
quality of product.
Odour:
• The presence of odor in a batch of tablets could indicate stability
problems, such as the odor of acetic acid in degrading aspirin
tablets.
• However, the presence of an odor could be characteristic for the
drug (vitamins), added ingredients (flavoring agents) or the dosage
form (film-coated tablets).
Taste:
• Taste is important in consumer acceptance of, especially,
chewable tablets.
2.WEIGHT VARIATION TEST:
• According to the USP, weight variation test is run by weighing 20
tablets individually calculating the average weights and comparing
the individual tablet weights to the average. The value of weight
variation test is expressed in percentage. The following formula is
used:
Weight Variation = (IW - AW)/AW X 100%
Where,
IW: Individual weight
AW: Average weight
Factors responsible for weight variation:
 Flow properties
 Degree of segregation
Official standards:
As per U.S.P.
As per I.P.
Sr.No
.
Average weight of tablet % weight variation
acceptable(+ or -)
1. 130 or less mg (+ or -) 10%
2. 130-324 mg (+ or -) 7.5%
3. >324 mg (+ or -) 5%
Sr.No. Average weight of tablet % weight variation
acceptable(+ or -)
1. 84 or less mg (+ or -) 10%
2. 84-250 mg (+ or -) 7.5%
3. >250 mg (+ or -) 5%
Note:
• If we are using 20 tablets,then according to U.S.P.,not more
than 2 tablets show % weight variation.
• If we are taking 10 tablets,then according to U.S.P.,not more
than 1 tablet show % weight variation.
3. THICKNESS TEST:
• Tablet thickness is determine by the diameter of the tablet.
Micrometer and vernier caliper are used for checking tablet
thickness.
• Thickness should be controlled within ± 5% variation of a
standard value.
• Thickness must be controlled for consumer acceptance of the
product, and to facilitate packaging.
Factors affecting thickness:
 Size and size distribution
 Compression force
Equipments used in this test:
A. Micrometer: Here,put the
tablet between two anvils and
read it’s thickness by scale.
It is measured in micrometer(mm).
B. Vernier caliper: Here,
tablet is put between two
jaws of vernier caliper and
measure thickness of tablet
by reading scale.It is
measured in centimeter(cm).
Note:
• As per official standard,tablet thickness variation alloted upto
(+ or -) 5% of standard value.
4.HARDNESS TEST:
• This test is also known as “Crushing Strength Test”.
• Tablets require a certain amount of strength, or hardness to
withstand mechanical shocks of handling in manufacture,
packaging and shipping
• Tablet hardness has been defined as the force required to break
a tablet in a diametric compression test.
Factors affecting hardness:
 Concentration of binder
 Moisture content
 Compression force
Equipments used in this test:
(a)Monsanto hardness tester
(b)Pfizer hardness tester
(c)Strong cobb hardness tester
(d)Erweka hardness tester
• Out of the above equipments,Monsanto hardness tester and
Pfizer are commonly used to determine hardness of tablet.
(a)Monsanto hardness tester:
Here,tablet is put between
moving jaw and fixed jaw.
Moving jaw is moved and
pressure is applied on
tablet by means of screw
knob.The point where
tablet get break down,it is
recorded by means of
scale.The hardness is measured in Kg/cm2.
(b) Pfizer hardness tester:
The Pfizer tester compresses
tablet between a holding anvil
and a piston connected to a
force-reading gauge when its
plier-like handles are gripped.
The point where tablet gets
break down,it is noted by reading gauze.
Official standards for Hardness:
• 5-8 kg/cm2 for standard compressed tablet except
Effervescent tablet,Dispersible tablet,Orodispersible
tablet,Chewable tablet,etc.
• More than 8-12 kg/cm2 for Sustain released tablet and
controlled release tablet.
5.FRIABILITY TEST:
• “FRIABILITY is the phenomenon where the surface of the
tablet is damage or shown a site of damage due to mechanical
shock.”
• PURPOSE: To evaluate the ability of the tablets to withstand
the breakage during the transportation and handling.
• Friability testing is a method, which is employed to determine
physical strength of uncoated tablets upon exposure to
mechanical shock and attrition. In simple words, friability test
tells how much mechanical stress tablets are able to withstand
during their manufacturing, distribution and handling by the
customer.
• It means Surface Erosion by certain mechanical shock and
lost of material from intact tablet.
Equipment used in this test:
Roche friabilator tester is most commonly used for determining %
friability of tablet.
Procedure:
1.Take 20 tablets and take initial
weight of it and put it into friabilator.
2.Now rotate the drum at 25 rpm per
min or 100 rpm for 4 mins.
3.During this,tablet gets dropped on
plastic from 6 inches, it will pass
through mechanical shocks.
4.After 4 minutes,calculate final weight
of tablets and that of % friability.
% Friability can be calculated by following formula-
% Friability = W1 – W2/W1 × 100
Where,
W1 = weight of tablets before testing
W2 = weight of tablets after testing.
Standards for friability:
• % Friability should be upto 0.5 to 1% for all standard
compressed tablets.
• For effervescent,chewable,WHISKERING,orodispersible
tablets % friability should be greater than 1.
6. DISINTEGRATION TEST:
• Disintegration is a process in which tablets are break up into
granules or smaller particles.
• The time it takes a tablet to disintegrate is measured in a
device described in the USP/NF.So, disintegration test is a
measure of the time required for a group of tablets to break up
into particles under a given set of conditions.
• This test is essential for tablets intended for administration by
mouth, except those intended to be chewed before being
swallowed or those that should dissolve slowly in the mouth,
e.g., lozenges, glyceryl trinitrate, or effervescent tablets. Also,
disintegration does not apply to some types of sustained-
release tablets.
Disintegration time: Time required for breaking of tablet into small
particles under influence of disintegrating fluid.
• Disintegrating fluid may be either simulated gastric fluid or
simulated intestinal fluid.
Equipment used in this test:
Disintegration test apparatus is commonly used.
Apparatus construction:
• Two batches of six tablets can be simultaneously tested with this
instrument.
• The USP device to test disintegration uses 6 glass tubes that are 3
inches long,open at the top,and held against a 10-mesh screen at the
bottom end of basket rack assembly.Each glass tube has percolated
sieve (no.10) at the bottom.
Procedure:
• To test for disintegration time,one tablet is placed in each tube,and
the basket rack is positioned in a 1-L beaker of water,simulated
gastric fluid or simulated intestinal fluid,at 37◦C±2◦C ,such that
tablets remain 2.5 cm below the surface of liquid on their upward
movement and descend not closer than 2.5 cm from the bottom of
beaker.
• A standard motor-driven is used to move the basket assembly
containing the tablets up and down through a distance of 5-6 cm at
frequency of 28-32 cycles per minute.Thus, in this way,note the time
required to complete disappearance of tablet from glass tube.
Official standards:
Sr.No
.
Types I.P. B.P. U.S.P.
1. Standard compressed
tablet(Uncoated)
15 mins 15 mins 5 mins
2. Sugar coated tablet 60 mins 30 mins ---
3. Film coated tablet 30 mins 30 mins ---
4. Enteric coated tablet 1 hr. 1-2 hrs 2 hrs
5. Effervescent tablet or
dispersible tablet
<3 mins <3 mins <3 mins
6. Orodispersible tablet <1 min <1 min <1 min
Note:
•The disintegration time is not for buccal,sublingual and chewable
tablets.Beacuse they are directly absorbed.
•No disintegration time for sustained release and controlled release
tablets.
7.DISSOLUTION TEST:
• The administration of drugs via oral dosage forms is one of the most
common and effective means of delivering treatments to patients.
When a dosage form is swallowed, the rate at which it releases the
active ingredient is critical to ensure that the drug is delivered
properly. The rate at which the drug is released is called the
dissolution rate.
• Several dissolution apparatuses exist. In (USP) ,there are four
dissolution apparatuses standardized and specified. They are:
(A)USP Dissolution Apparatus 1 – Basket (37 °C)
(B)USP Dissolution Apparatus 2 – Paddle (37°C)
(C)USP Dissolution Apparatus 3 – Reciprocating Cylinder(37 °C)
(D)USP Dissolution Apparatus 4 – Flow-Through Cell (37 °C)
• According to I.P.,
 Type I : Paddle type apparatus
 Type II : Basket type apparatus
Equipments used in this test:
[1] Rotating basket apparatus:
Assembly consists of:
• A covered vessel
• Metallic drive shaft
• Cylindrical basket
• Motor
• Sample port
• Water bath holding temperature
37◦C ± 0.5◦C
• Acidic media or alkaline media
[2]Rotating paddle apparatus:
Assembly consists of:
• A covered vessel
• Metallic drive shaft
• Stainless steel paddle
• Motor
• Sinker to prevent floating of
tablet
• Water bath holding tempe
-rature at 37◦C ± 0.5◦C
• Acidic media or alkaline
media
Standards:
Sr.No
.
Stages No. of units Acceptance criteria
1. S1 6 tablets All units ‘6’ not less than Q +
5%
2. S2 6 tablets Average of 12 tablets equal to
or not > Q and Q-15%
3. S3 12 tablets Average of 24 tablets is equal to
or not >Q and Q-25%
Where,
Q=% drug dissolved
Note: 75% of drug should be dissolved within 45 mins as per
U.S.P.
8.CONTENT UNIFORMITY TEST:
• Content uniformity test was developed to ensure content
consistency of active drug substances .
Factors affecting drug content:
 Tablet weight variation.
 Uneven distribution of the drug in the powder or granules
 Segregation of the powder mixture or granulation during
formulation processes
• By the USP method, 30 tablets are randomly selected, 10 of
these tablets are assayed individually according to the method
described in the individual monograph.
• Unless otherwise stated in the monograph, the requirements
for content uniformity are met if the amount of active
ingredient in nine (9) of the ten (10) tablets lies within the
range of 85% to 115% of the label claim.
• The tenth tablet may not contain less than
75% or more than 125% of the labelled drug
content. If one or more dosage units do not
meet these criteria, the remaining 20 tablets
are assayed individually and none may fall
outside of the 85% to 115% range for the
batch to be accepted.
Conclusion:
• Quality control of tablets involves various tests which
require keen attention.
• To ensure that established product quality standards
are met, these tests must be performed during
production (in process control)and verified after the
production of each batch.

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

La actualidad más candente (20)

pharmacopoeial standards for tablet
pharmacopoeial standards for tablet pharmacopoeial standards for tablet
pharmacopoeial standards for tablet
 
Glass as a packaging material in pharmaceutical packaging
Glass as a packaging material in pharmaceutical packagingGlass as a packaging material in pharmaceutical packaging
Glass as a packaging material in pharmaceutical packaging
 
Tablet Evaluation
Tablet EvaluationTablet Evaluation
Tablet Evaluation
 
Friability testing
Friability testingFriability testing
Friability testing
 
Tablet Coating
Tablet CoatingTablet Coating
Tablet Coating
 
Quality control test: Containers, Closures and Secondary packing materials
Quality control test: Containers, Closures and  Secondary packing materialsQuality control test: Containers, Closures and  Secondary packing materials
Quality control test: Containers, Closures and Secondary packing materials
 
Tablet manufacturing process
Tablet manufacturing processTablet manufacturing process
Tablet manufacturing process
 
Disintegration and dissolution tests
Disintegration and dissolution testsDisintegration and dissolution tests
Disintegration and dissolution tests
 
Tablet
TabletTablet
Tablet
 
Ipqc for tablets
Ipqc for tablets Ipqc for tablets
Ipqc for tablets
 
Parentrals
ParentralsParentrals
Parentrals
 
Evaluation of dosage forms
Evaluation of dosage formsEvaluation of dosage forms
Evaluation of dosage forms
 
Evaluation of parenterals
Evaluation of parenteralsEvaluation of parenterals
Evaluation of parenterals
 
Dissolution Testing Apparatus
Dissolution Testing ApparatusDissolution Testing Apparatus
Dissolution Testing Apparatus
 
capsules
capsulescapsules
capsules
 
Excipients
ExcipientsExcipients
Excipients
 
Parenteral formulations
Parenteral formulationsParenteral formulations
Parenteral formulations
 
Quality control tests for Syrups and Elixirs.
Quality control tests for Syrups and Elixirs.Quality control tests for Syrups and Elixirs.
Quality control tests for Syrups and Elixirs.
 
Quality by Design
Quality by DesignQuality by Design
Quality by Design
 
Quality Control Of Packaging Material
Quality Control Of Packaging MaterialQuality Control Of Packaging Material
Quality Control Of Packaging Material
 

Similar a Quality control tests of tablet

Industrial Pharmacy, Quality control of tablets.pdf
Industrial Pharmacy, Quality control of tablets.pdfIndustrial Pharmacy, Quality control of tablets.pdf
Industrial Pharmacy, Quality control of tablets.pdfAlishaKhatun4
 
Quality control test of tablets
Quality control test of tabletsQuality control test of tablets
Quality control test of tabletsTanmayPanigrahy
 
Presentation on quality control and quality assurance of medicines by tite ...
Presentation  on quality control and quality assurance of medicines  by tite ...Presentation  on quality control and quality assurance of medicines  by tite ...
Presentation on quality control and quality assurance of medicines by tite ...UWAMBAJINEZATite
 
Quality Control Test
Quality Control TestQuality Control Test
Quality Control TestTalhaAfzal13
 
QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS (TABLETS , CAPSULES & POWDERS)
QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS (TABLETS , CAPSULES & POWDERS)QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS (TABLETS , CAPSULES & POWDERS)
QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS (TABLETS , CAPSULES & POWDERS)Hasnat Tariq
 
An orientation lecture For M.Pharm
An orientation lecture For M.Pharm    An orientation lecture For M.Pharm
An orientation lecture For M.Pharm Mcpl Moshi
 
QUALITY CONTROL OF TABLETS
QUALITY CONTROL OF TABLETSQUALITY CONTROL OF TABLETS
QUALITY CONTROL OF TABLETSTeny Thomas
 
Non sterile manufacturing process technology
Non sterile manufacturing process technologyNon sterile manufacturing process technology
Non sterile manufacturing process technologyPRANJAY PATIL
 
Non sterile manufacturing process technology
Non sterile manufacturing process technologyNon sterile manufacturing process technology
Non sterile manufacturing process technologyPRANJAY PATIL
 
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technique PPT
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technique PPTPharmaceutical Manufacturing Technique PPT
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technique PPTThoratPrajaktaSanjay
 
Solid Dosage Form Presentation
Solid Dosage Form PresentationSolid Dosage Form Presentation
Solid Dosage Form PresentationFahad Shaikh
 
In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)
In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)
In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)Gaurav kumar
 
IPQC and FPQC tests for Tablets
IPQC and FPQC tests for TabletsIPQC and FPQC tests for Tablets
IPQC and FPQC tests for TabletsSonali Pradhan
 

Similar a Quality control tests of tablet (20)

Industrial Pharmacy, Quality control of tablets.pdf
Industrial Pharmacy, Quality control of tablets.pdfIndustrial Pharmacy, Quality control of tablets.pdf
Industrial Pharmacy, Quality control of tablets.pdf
 
Quality control test of tablets
Quality control test of tabletsQuality control test of tablets
Quality control test of tablets
 
IPQC TESTS
IPQC TESTSIPQC TESTS
IPQC TESTS
 
IPQC TEST
IPQC TEST IPQC TEST
IPQC TEST
 
Presentation on quality control and quality assurance of medicines by tite ...
Presentation  on quality control and quality assurance of medicines  by tite ...Presentation  on quality control and quality assurance of medicines  by tite ...
Presentation on quality control and quality assurance of medicines by tite ...
 
Quality Control Test
Quality Control TestQuality Control Test
Quality Control Test
 
Table quality control test
Table quality control test Table quality control test
Table quality control test
 
QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS (TABLETS , CAPSULES & POWDERS)
QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS (TABLETS , CAPSULES & POWDERS)QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS (TABLETS , CAPSULES & POWDERS)
QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS (TABLETS , CAPSULES & POWDERS)
 
Ipqc test of tablet
Ipqc test of tabletIpqc test of tablet
Ipqc test of tablet
 
An orientation lecture For M.Pharm
An orientation lecture For M.Pharm    An orientation lecture For M.Pharm
An orientation lecture For M.Pharm
 
Quality control complete notes
Quality control complete notesQuality control complete notes
Quality control complete notes
 
QUALITY CONTROL OF TABLETS
QUALITY CONTROL OF TABLETSQUALITY CONTROL OF TABLETS
QUALITY CONTROL OF TABLETS
 
QC & QA IPQC & FPQC
QC & QA  IPQC & FPQCQC & QA  IPQC & FPQC
QC & QA IPQC & FPQC
 
Non sterile manufacturing process technology
Non sterile manufacturing process technologyNon sterile manufacturing process technology
Non sterile manufacturing process technology
 
Non sterile manufacturing process technology
Non sterile manufacturing process technologyNon sterile manufacturing process technology
Non sterile manufacturing process technology
 
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technique PPT
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technique PPTPharmaceutical Manufacturing Technique PPT
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technique PPT
 
Solid Dosage Form Presentation
Solid Dosage Form PresentationSolid Dosage Form Presentation
Solid Dosage Form Presentation
 
In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)
In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)
In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)
 
IPQC and FPQC tests for Tablets
IPQC and FPQC tests for TabletsIPQC and FPQC tests for Tablets
IPQC and FPQC tests for Tablets
 
Tablets
TabletsTablets
Tablets
 

Último

TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...
TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...
TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...ssifa0344
 
9654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 6000
9654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 60009654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 6000
9654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 6000Sapana Sha
 
Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceutics
Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceuticsPulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceutics
Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceuticssakshisoni2385
 
Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf
Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdfChemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf
Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdfSumit Kumar yadav
 
Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...
Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...
Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...Sérgio Sacani
 
PossibleEoarcheanRecordsoftheGeomagneticFieldPreservedintheIsuaSupracrustalBe...
PossibleEoarcheanRecordsoftheGeomagneticFieldPreservedintheIsuaSupracrustalBe...PossibleEoarcheanRecordsoftheGeomagneticFieldPreservedintheIsuaSupracrustalBe...
PossibleEoarcheanRecordsoftheGeomagneticFieldPreservedintheIsuaSupracrustalBe...Sérgio Sacani
 
CALL ON ➥8923113531 🔝Call Girls Kesar Bagh Lucknow best Night Fun service 🪡
CALL ON ➥8923113531 🔝Call Girls Kesar Bagh Lucknow best Night Fun service  🪡CALL ON ➥8923113531 🔝Call Girls Kesar Bagh Lucknow best Night Fun service  🪡
CALL ON ➥8923113531 🔝Call Girls Kesar Bagh Lucknow best Night Fun service 🪡anilsa9823
 
Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...
Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...
Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...Lokesh Kothari
 
Isotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on Io
Isotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on IoIsotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on Io
Isotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on IoSérgio Sacani
 
Pests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdf
Pests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdfPests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdf
Pests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdfPirithiRaju
 
Botany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questions
Botany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questionsBotany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questions
Botany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questionsSumit Kumar yadav
 
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)Areesha Ahmad
 
Recombinant DNA technology (Immunological screening)
Recombinant DNA technology (Immunological screening)Recombinant DNA technology (Immunological screening)
Recombinant DNA technology (Immunological screening)PraveenaKalaiselvan1
 
Green chemistry and Sustainable development.pptx
Green chemistry  and Sustainable development.pptxGreen chemistry  and Sustainable development.pptx
Green chemistry and Sustainable development.pptxRajatChauhan518211
 
Raman spectroscopy.pptx M Pharm, M Sc, Advanced Spectral Analysis
Raman spectroscopy.pptx M Pharm, M Sc, Advanced Spectral AnalysisRaman spectroscopy.pptx M Pharm, M Sc, Advanced Spectral Analysis
Raman spectroscopy.pptx M Pharm, M Sc, Advanced Spectral AnalysisDiwakar Mishra
 
Biopesticide (2).pptx .This slides helps to know the different types of biop...
Biopesticide (2).pptx  .This slides helps to know the different types of biop...Biopesticide (2).pptx  .This slides helps to know the different types of biop...
Biopesticide (2).pptx .This slides helps to know the different types of biop...RohitNehra6
 
Spermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatid
Spermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatidSpermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatid
Spermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatidSarthak Sekhar Mondal
 
Chromatin Structure | EUCHROMATIN | HETEROCHROMATIN
Chromatin Structure | EUCHROMATIN | HETEROCHROMATINChromatin Structure | EUCHROMATIN | HETEROCHROMATIN
Chromatin Structure | EUCHROMATIN | HETEROCHROMATINsankalpkumarsahoo174
 
Stunning ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Panchshil Enclave Delhi NCR
Stunning ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Panchshil Enclave Delhi NCRStunning ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Panchshil Enclave Delhi NCR
Stunning ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Panchshil Enclave Delhi NCRDelhi Call girls
 
Unlocking the Potential: Deep dive into ocean of Ceramic Magnets.pptx
Unlocking  the Potential: Deep dive into ocean of Ceramic Magnets.pptxUnlocking  the Potential: Deep dive into ocean of Ceramic Magnets.pptx
Unlocking the Potential: Deep dive into ocean of Ceramic Magnets.pptxanandsmhk
 

Último (20)

TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...
TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...
TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...
 
9654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 6000
9654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 60009654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 6000
9654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 6000
 
Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceutics
Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceuticsPulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceutics
Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceutics
 
Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf
Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdfChemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf
Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf
 
Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...
Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...
Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...
 
PossibleEoarcheanRecordsoftheGeomagneticFieldPreservedintheIsuaSupracrustalBe...
PossibleEoarcheanRecordsoftheGeomagneticFieldPreservedintheIsuaSupracrustalBe...PossibleEoarcheanRecordsoftheGeomagneticFieldPreservedintheIsuaSupracrustalBe...
PossibleEoarcheanRecordsoftheGeomagneticFieldPreservedintheIsuaSupracrustalBe...
 
CALL ON ➥8923113531 🔝Call Girls Kesar Bagh Lucknow best Night Fun service 🪡
CALL ON ➥8923113531 🔝Call Girls Kesar Bagh Lucknow best Night Fun service  🪡CALL ON ➥8923113531 🔝Call Girls Kesar Bagh Lucknow best Night Fun service  🪡
CALL ON ➥8923113531 🔝Call Girls Kesar Bagh Lucknow best Night Fun service 🪡
 
Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...
Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...
Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...
 
Isotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on Io
Isotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on IoIsotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on Io
Isotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on Io
 
Pests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdf
Pests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdfPests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdf
Pests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdf
 
Botany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questions
Botany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questionsBotany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questions
Botany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questions
 
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)
 
Recombinant DNA technology (Immunological screening)
Recombinant DNA technology (Immunological screening)Recombinant DNA technology (Immunological screening)
Recombinant DNA technology (Immunological screening)
 
Green chemistry and Sustainable development.pptx
Green chemistry  and Sustainable development.pptxGreen chemistry  and Sustainable development.pptx
Green chemistry and Sustainable development.pptx
 
Raman spectroscopy.pptx M Pharm, M Sc, Advanced Spectral Analysis
Raman spectroscopy.pptx M Pharm, M Sc, Advanced Spectral AnalysisRaman spectroscopy.pptx M Pharm, M Sc, Advanced Spectral Analysis
Raman spectroscopy.pptx M Pharm, M Sc, Advanced Spectral Analysis
 
Biopesticide (2).pptx .This slides helps to know the different types of biop...
Biopesticide (2).pptx  .This slides helps to know the different types of biop...Biopesticide (2).pptx  .This slides helps to know the different types of biop...
Biopesticide (2).pptx .This slides helps to know the different types of biop...
 
Spermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatid
Spermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatidSpermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatid
Spermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatid
 
Chromatin Structure | EUCHROMATIN | HETEROCHROMATIN
Chromatin Structure | EUCHROMATIN | HETEROCHROMATINChromatin Structure | EUCHROMATIN | HETEROCHROMATIN
Chromatin Structure | EUCHROMATIN | HETEROCHROMATIN
 
Stunning ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Panchshil Enclave Delhi NCR
Stunning ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Panchshil Enclave Delhi NCRStunning ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Panchshil Enclave Delhi NCR
Stunning ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Panchshil Enclave Delhi NCR
 
Unlocking the Potential: Deep dive into ocean of Ceramic Magnets.pptx
Unlocking  the Potential: Deep dive into ocean of Ceramic Magnets.pptxUnlocking  the Potential: Deep dive into ocean of Ceramic Magnets.pptx
Unlocking the Potential: Deep dive into ocean of Ceramic Magnets.pptx
 

Quality control tests of tablet

  • 1. Quality control of tablets Presented By Sarang Vilas Dalvi Goverment College of Pharmacy , Amravati. 444604. 2017-2018
  • 2. Contents: • Introduction • What is quality control? • Need of quality control • Types of quality control tests • Conclusion
  • 3. Introduction: • Tablets are a solid dosage form of medicaments with or without excipients which are prepared by compression or moulding method and intended for oral administration for local and systemic effect. • They may vary in its size shape and weight depending on the medicament and its mode of administration. Why there is a need to perform Quality control tests for tablets? • To ensure safety,potency,efficacy,stability,patient acceptability and patient compliance of tablet. • To check wheather a pharmaceutical tablet satisfy certain standards to claim it to be a quality drug or not. • To check that the quality parameters are within the acceptance limits or not.
  • 4. What is Quality control? • Quality control is a small part of QA and it is concerned with sampling,testing and documentation during manufacturing and also after completion of manufacturing. • It is the monitoring process through which manufacturer measures actual quality performance,compares it with standards and find out the causes of deviation from standard to ensure quality product not once but every time. • In general terms,Quality control refers to a procedure or a set of steps taken during the manufacturing of a product to ensure that it meets requirements and that the product is reproducible.
  • 5. Types of Quality control tests 1.Official tests • Weight variation test • Drug content • Disintegration time test • Dissolution test 2.Unofficial tests • Thickness • Hardness • Friability • Organoleptic characters
  • 6. 1.ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERS: Colour: • Many pharmaceutical tablets use color as a vital means of rapid identification and consumer acceptance. • The colour of a product must be uniform within a single tablet.Non- uniformity is referred to as ‘mottling’ and hence it leads to poor quality of product. Odour: • The presence of odor in a batch of tablets could indicate stability problems, such as the odor of acetic acid in degrading aspirin tablets. • However, the presence of an odor could be characteristic for the drug (vitamins), added ingredients (flavoring agents) or the dosage form (film-coated tablets). Taste: • Taste is important in consumer acceptance of, especially, chewable tablets.
  • 7. 2.WEIGHT VARIATION TEST: • According to the USP, weight variation test is run by weighing 20 tablets individually calculating the average weights and comparing the individual tablet weights to the average. The value of weight variation test is expressed in percentage. The following formula is used: Weight Variation = (IW - AW)/AW X 100% Where, IW: Individual weight AW: Average weight Factors responsible for weight variation:  Flow properties  Degree of segregation
  • 8. Official standards: As per U.S.P. As per I.P. Sr.No . Average weight of tablet % weight variation acceptable(+ or -) 1. 130 or less mg (+ or -) 10% 2. 130-324 mg (+ or -) 7.5% 3. >324 mg (+ or -) 5% Sr.No. Average weight of tablet % weight variation acceptable(+ or -) 1. 84 or less mg (+ or -) 10% 2. 84-250 mg (+ or -) 7.5% 3. >250 mg (+ or -) 5%
  • 9. Note: • If we are using 20 tablets,then according to U.S.P.,not more than 2 tablets show % weight variation. • If we are taking 10 tablets,then according to U.S.P.,not more than 1 tablet show % weight variation. 3. THICKNESS TEST: • Tablet thickness is determine by the diameter of the tablet. Micrometer and vernier caliper are used for checking tablet thickness. • Thickness should be controlled within ± 5% variation of a standard value. • Thickness must be controlled for consumer acceptance of the product, and to facilitate packaging. Factors affecting thickness:  Size and size distribution  Compression force
  • 10. Equipments used in this test: A. Micrometer: Here,put the tablet between two anvils and read it’s thickness by scale. It is measured in micrometer(mm). B. Vernier caliper: Here, tablet is put between two jaws of vernier caliper and measure thickness of tablet by reading scale.It is measured in centimeter(cm).
  • 11. Note: • As per official standard,tablet thickness variation alloted upto (+ or -) 5% of standard value. 4.HARDNESS TEST: • This test is also known as “Crushing Strength Test”. • Tablets require a certain amount of strength, or hardness to withstand mechanical shocks of handling in manufacture, packaging and shipping • Tablet hardness has been defined as the force required to break a tablet in a diametric compression test. Factors affecting hardness:  Concentration of binder  Moisture content  Compression force
  • 12. Equipments used in this test: (a)Monsanto hardness tester (b)Pfizer hardness tester (c)Strong cobb hardness tester (d)Erweka hardness tester • Out of the above equipments,Monsanto hardness tester and Pfizer are commonly used to determine hardness of tablet. (a)Monsanto hardness tester: Here,tablet is put between moving jaw and fixed jaw. Moving jaw is moved and pressure is applied on tablet by means of screw knob.The point where tablet get break down,it is recorded by means of scale.The hardness is measured in Kg/cm2.
  • 13. (b) Pfizer hardness tester: The Pfizer tester compresses tablet between a holding anvil and a piston connected to a force-reading gauge when its plier-like handles are gripped. The point where tablet gets break down,it is noted by reading gauze. Official standards for Hardness: • 5-8 kg/cm2 for standard compressed tablet except Effervescent tablet,Dispersible tablet,Orodispersible tablet,Chewable tablet,etc. • More than 8-12 kg/cm2 for Sustain released tablet and controlled release tablet.
  • 14. 5.FRIABILITY TEST: • “FRIABILITY is the phenomenon where the surface of the tablet is damage or shown a site of damage due to mechanical shock.” • PURPOSE: To evaluate the ability of the tablets to withstand the breakage during the transportation and handling. • Friability testing is a method, which is employed to determine physical strength of uncoated tablets upon exposure to mechanical shock and attrition. In simple words, friability test tells how much mechanical stress tablets are able to withstand during their manufacturing, distribution and handling by the customer. • It means Surface Erosion by certain mechanical shock and lost of material from intact tablet.
  • 15. Equipment used in this test: Roche friabilator tester is most commonly used for determining % friability of tablet. Procedure: 1.Take 20 tablets and take initial weight of it and put it into friabilator. 2.Now rotate the drum at 25 rpm per min or 100 rpm for 4 mins. 3.During this,tablet gets dropped on plastic from 6 inches, it will pass through mechanical shocks. 4.After 4 minutes,calculate final weight of tablets and that of % friability. % Friability can be calculated by following formula- % Friability = W1 – W2/W1 × 100 Where, W1 = weight of tablets before testing W2 = weight of tablets after testing.
  • 16. Standards for friability: • % Friability should be upto 0.5 to 1% for all standard compressed tablets. • For effervescent,chewable,WHISKERING,orodispersible tablets % friability should be greater than 1. 6. DISINTEGRATION TEST: • Disintegration is a process in which tablets are break up into granules or smaller particles. • The time it takes a tablet to disintegrate is measured in a device described in the USP/NF.So, disintegration test is a measure of the time required for a group of tablets to break up into particles under a given set of conditions. • This test is essential for tablets intended for administration by mouth, except those intended to be chewed before being swallowed or those that should dissolve slowly in the mouth, e.g., lozenges, glyceryl trinitrate, or effervescent tablets. Also, disintegration does not apply to some types of sustained- release tablets.
  • 17. Disintegration time: Time required for breaking of tablet into small particles under influence of disintegrating fluid. • Disintegrating fluid may be either simulated gastric fluid or simulated intestinal fluid. Equipment used in this test: Disintegration test apparatus is commonly used.
  • 18. Apparatus construction: • Two batches of six tablets can be simultaneously tested with this instrument. • The USP device to test disintegration uses 6 glass tubes that are 3 inches long,open at the top,and held against a 10-mesh screen at the bottom end of basket rack assembly.Each glass tube has percolated sieve (no.10) at the bottom. Procedure: • To test for disintegration time,one tablet is placed in each tube,and the basket rack is positioned in a 1-L beaker of water,simulated gastric fluid or simulated intestinal fluid,at 37◦C±2◦C ,such that tablets remain 2.5 cm below the surface of liquid on their upward movement and descend not closer than 2.5 cm from the bottom of beaker. • A standard motor-driven is used to move the basket assembly containing the tablets up and down through a distance of 5-6 cm at frequency of 28-32 cycles per minute.Thus, in this way,note the time required to complete disappearance of tablet from glass tube.
  • 19. Official standards: Sr.No . Types I.P. B.P. U.S.P. 1. Standard compressed tablet(Uncoated) 15 mins 15 mins 5 mins 2. Sugar coated tablet 60 mins 30 mins --- 3. Film coated tablet 30 mins 30 mins --- 4. Enteric coated tablet 1 hr. 1-2 hrs 2 hrs 5. Effervescent tablet or dispersible tablet <3 mins <3 mins <3 mins 6. Orodispersible tablet <1 min <1 min <1 min Note: •The disintegration time is not for buccal,sublingual and chewable tablets.Beacuse they are directly absorbed. •No disintegration time for sustained release and controlled release tablets.
  • 20. 7.DISSOLUTION TEST: • The administration of drugs via oral dosage forms is one of the most common and effective means of delivering treatments to patients. When a dosage form is swallowed, the rate at which it releases the active ingredient is critical to ensure that the drug is delivered properly. The rate at which the drug is released is called the dissolution rate. • Several dissolution apparatuses exist. In (USP) ,there are four dissolution apparatuses standardized and specified. They are: (A)USP Dissolution Apparatus 1 – Basket (37 °C) (B)USP Dissolution Apparatus 2 – Paddle (37°C) (C)USP Dissolution Apparatus 3 – Reciprocating Cylinder(37 °C) (D)USP Dissolution Apparatus 4 – Flow-Through Cell (37 °C) • According to I.P.,  Type I : Paddle type apparatus  Type II : Basket type apparatus
  • 21. Equipments used in this test: [1] Rotating basket apparatus: Assembly consists of: • A covered vessel • Metallic drive shaft • Cylindrical basket • Motor • Sample port • Water bath holding temperature 37◦C ± 0.5◦C • Acidic media or alkaline media
  • 22. [2]Rotating paddle apparatus: Assembly consists of: • A covered vessel • Metallic drive shaft • Stainless steel paddle • Motor • Sinker to prevent floating of tablet • Water bath holding tempe -rature at 37◦C ± 0.5◦C • Acidic media or alkaline media
  • 23. Standards: Sr.No . Stages No. of units Acceptance criteria 1. S1 6 tablets All units ‘6’ not less than Q + 5% 2. S2 6 tablets Average of 12 tablets equal to or not > Q and Q-15% 3. S3 12 tablets Average of 24 tablets is equal to or not >Q and Q-25% Where, Q=% drug dissolved Note: 75% of drug should be dissolved within 45 mins as per U.S.P.
  • 24. 8.CONTENT UNIFORMITY TEST: • Content uniformity test was developed to ensure content consistency of active drug substances . Factors affecting drug content:  Tablet weight variation.  Uneven distribution of the drug in the powder or granules  Segregation of the powder mixture or granulation during formulation processes • By the USP method, 30 tablets are randomly selected, 10 of these tablets are assayed individually according to the method described in the individual monograph. • Unless otherwise stated in the monograph, the requirements for content uniformity are met if the amount of active ingredient in nine (9) of the ten (10) tablets lies within the range of 85% to 115% of the label claim.
  • 25. • The tenth tablet may not contain less than 75% or more than 125% of the labelled drug content. If one or more dosage units do not meet these criteria, the remaining 20 tablets are assayed individually and none may fall outside of the 85% to 115% range for the batch to be accepted.
  • 26. Conclusion: • Quality control of tablets involves various tests which require keen attention. • To ensure that established product quality standards are met, these tests must be performed during production (in process control)and verified after the production of each batch.