Introduction and streams of yoga, asanas, pranayama

1. INTRODUCTION AND STREAMS OF YOGA
Presented by – Sayee Pramod Dhavan
Guided by - Mrs. Sunayana Vikhe
Roll no. - 15
Subject - Indian System Of Medicine
Department - Pharmacognosy
Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar

2. YOGA
 The word YOGA has been derived from the Sanskrit word “ YUG” which means to
join or to unite.
 Yoga is a mind and body practices with a 5,000 year history in ancient Indian
philosophy.
 Various styles of yoga combine physical postures, breathing techniques, and
meditation or relaxation.
 Yoga is the stilling of the changing states of mind.
 It may have pre-Vedic origins.
 Yoga is a complete science of life that originated in India many thousands of years
ago.

3. OBJECTIVES OF YOGIC PRACTICES
 To develop a healthy habit and lifestyle in children.
 To develop physical, emotional & mental health through yogic activities.
 To develop humane values in children.
 To develop an understanding of yogic practices.
Yoga is the method of learning that aims to attain the unity of mind, body and
spirit through these three main yoga structures :
1. Exercise (Asana)
2. Breathing ( Pranayama )
3. Meditation ( Dhyana )

4. PATANJALI – FATHER OF YOGA SUTRAS

5. FOUR STREAMS OF YOGA
1. Karma yoga
( The path of action )
2. Bhakti yoga
( The path of emotions )
3. Raja yoga
( The path of meditation )
4. Jnana yoga
( The path of knowledge )

6. 1. KARMA YOGA
 Karma yoga is the path of services; it refers to the energy of action.
 Karma yoga practices try to change the action towards the good – good words,
good thoughts, good deeds, in order to change the soul.
 Karma yoga involves the dedication of all work as an offering to something or
someone with no thought of personal reward.
 Karma yoga can be practiced at all times, under all conditions, anywhere there is
desire to do a selfless services.

7. 2. BHAKTI YOGA
 The term bhakti comes from the root ‘Bhaj’ which means to be attached to good.
 Bhakti yoga is the devotional approach to yoga, the approach of pure love.
 Bhakti yoga rids the yogi of egocentricity by developing humility and self-esteem
surrender.
 There is no selfish expectation here.
 Types of BHAKTI YOGA :
1. Sakamya yoga
2. Nishkamya yoga
3. Para – bhakti yoga
4. Apara - bhakti yoga

8. 3. RAJA YOGA
 Raja means “royal”.
 Raja yoga is the path of yoga that focuses on meditation and contemplation.
 It is based on the eight limbs of yoga, which was discussed in the yoga sutra.
 This yoga path teaches deep self respect through self mastery.
 Raja yoga is also referred to as KING OF YOGA.
 Raja yoga is the science of controlling modifications of thoughts, continuously rising
in the mind.
 It improves clarity of thinking, power of discrimination, efficiency in work, capacity
to take quick decision, mental strength and vigour, which is very essential to
accomplish desired goal in life.
 In an effort to control the mind and attain true freedom, Patanjali’s system of yoga
was created an 8 limbed path of self-esteem observation and analysis.

9. 8 LIMBS OF YOGA
1. Yama-What not to do
2. Niyama-What to do on a regularly
3. Asana-Postures and exercises
4. Pranayama-Breathing Exercises
5. Pratyahara-Controlling senses
6. Dharana-Focus
7. Dhyana-Meditation
8. Samadhi- Realization-Immersion-Ultimate way of life

10. 4. JNANA YOGA
 Jnana yoga or the path of knowledge is the shortest but most difficult path for one to
tread.
 The path of jnana yoga is to realise that all are but same. This is wisdom or this is
knowledge.
 To see all beings ( Living or non- living) on this planet with ‘equal vision’ without any
discrimination is Jnana or the “wisdom”.
 The tradition of Jnana yoga teaches, “ Liberation is attained, not by works or
ceremony, but by knowledge

11. ASANA
 The term asana is derived from the Sanskrit root “Aas” means “Sit” or “Asi” mean “ To be”.
 Asana gives stability and comfort, both at physical and mental level.
 Asana may broadly classified into three categories On the basis of formation of our body looks
like:
1. Cultural or Corrective Asana
2. Meditative Asana
3. Relaxative Asana
 On the basis of position of body:
1. Standing position asana
2. Sitting position asana
3. Lying position asana

12. A. UTTASANA
 Uttanasana comes from the Sanskrit
words Uttanasana and which is
combination of ‘Ut + tan + asana’
 Ut means intense and tan means
stretch whereas asana refers to
Posture.

13. B. ARDHA CHAKRASANA
 Ardha chakrasana is an intermediate
asana that can help to prepare the
body and mind for deeper backbends
and heart-opening postures like
chakrasana (wheel pose).
 The name is derived from the Sanskrit
Ardha, meaning "half", chakra,
meaning "wheel," and asana, meaning
"pose."

14. C. KATI CHAKRASANA
 Kati means waist while chakra means
movement.
 In this posture you need to twist your
waist on both the sides.
 It gives a nice stretch to the waist and
helps in making it more flexible.

15. D. TADASANA ( PALM TREE POSE )
 Tada in Sanskrit means palm tree.
 This is called Tadasana because in this
asana the student stands straight like a
palm tree.
 Benefits :
1. It helps to improve height of the
children.
2. It gives vertical stretch to whole
body muscles.
3. It helps to removes laziness and
lethargy.

16. E. SIMHASANA
 In Sanskrit Simha means lion.
 In this asana, the face with open
mouth and tongue stretched out
towards the chin resembles the fierce
look of a lion; hence it is called
Simhasana.
 Benefits :
1. Its is beneficial for the muscles of the
face and neck.
2. Salivary glands becomes strong.
3. The tongue becomes more elastic
and healthier.

17. F. MANDUKASANA ( FROG POSTURE )
 Manduka is a Sanskrit word means “
Frog”.
 This asana is beneficial for the people
having heavy bellies, thighs or hips.
 It benefits people suffering from
constipation, diabetes and digestive
disorders.

18. G. UTTANA - MANDUKASANA
 Stretched up frog posture
 Uttana means upright or stretched up
and manduka means frog.
 In final position of this asana, the
body looks like a stretched up or
upright frog, hence it is called Uttana –
Mandukasana.
 Benefits –
1. It helps in reducing backache.
2. It improves the blood circulation in
the chest and abdomen.
3. It improves the functioning of lungs
by improving the movements of
diaphragm.

19. H. MAYURASANA ( PEACOCK POSTURE )
 In Sanskrit Mayura means peacock.
 In this final posture, the body
resembles a peacock, hence it is called
Mayurasana.
 Benefits:
1. It strengthens the arms.
2. It helps to increases appetite.
3. It massages the digestive organs.
4. It helps to develop muscles control
and balance in body.

20. PRANAYAMA
 Pranayama consists of the breathing technique's which are
related to the control of breath or respiratory process.
 Pranayama popularly known as yogic breathing.
 Pranayama has three phases known as puraka, rechaka and
kumbhaka.
 Puraka is controlled inhalation.
 Rechaka is controlled exhalation.
 kumbhaka is controlled retention of breath.
 Prana refers to the universal life force and ayama means to
regulate.
 Some common pranayama include anulomaviloma, bhastrika,
ujjayi, sheetali, etc.

21. A. ANULOMA – VILOMA PRANAYAMA
 The Anuloma means towards and Viloma means reverse.
 It is called Anulomaviloma because alternate nostrils are used for each inhalation
and exhalation.
 One inhale through the left nostril and then exhale through the right nostril.
 this pranayama is also called as Nadi shodhana pranayama, if it is performed with
Kumbhaka ( Holding the breath ).
 Benefits :
1. It purifies the blood.
2. It improves blood supply to brain.
3. It helps to regulate blood pressure.
4. It improves functioning of all cells of the body.

22. B. SHEETALI PRANAYAMA
 Sheetali means cooling.
 Sheetali pranayama cools the body
and mind.
 It is beneficial for skin and eyes also.
 It is beneficial in the case of high
blood pressure and also in low fever.

23. C. BHRAMARI PRANAYAMA
 The word Bhramari is derived from
bhramara which means a black
humming bee.
 It is relaxing pranayama.
 It improves memory.
 It helps in enhancing the
concentration.
 It is very useful to reduce high blood
pressure.