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- 1. La Paz Quito Bogotá Boa Vista Belem Cuiabá Scarpelli Brasília ARSENIC IN AMAZON BASIN RIVERS Wilson Scarpelli [email_address] 2,000 km
- 2. La Paz Quito Bogotá Boa Vista Manaus Belem Porto Velho Cruzeiro do Sul Cuiabá Scarpelli Brasília DEEP WEATHERING INTENSIVE EROSION 2,000 km
- 3. La Paz Bogotá Belem Scarpelli Óbidos 209,000 m 3 /sec 600,000 tpy solids Solimões River 65% of the solids Madeira River 32% of the solids Seyler, P.T. and Boaventura, G.R., in “Trace Elements in the Mainstem Amazon River”, in “Biogeochemistry of the Amazon Basin”, Oxford Press, 2001, pg. 307-327 Brasília NW Brazil La Lunal Araca Solimões Manaus Santarém
- 4. Scarpelli RIO DE LA LUNA It flows from La Paz. There are more than 1,000 m of difference in elevation between the higher and the lower of points. From H. Sioli, “The Amazon” 1984
- 5. ARACA RIVER VALLEY At east of La Paz, in the headwaters of the Rio Beni, contributor to the Madeira River. Topographic shoulders being taken by erosion. The peaks of the Quinza Cruz Cordillera reach more than 4,800 m of elevation, while the river flows below the elevation of 3,000 m. The indicated buildings are at 3,800 m of elevation. Scarpelli
- 6. MANAUS SOLIMÕES RIVER NEGRO RIVER MADEIRA RIVER Scarpelli
- 7. Scarpelli NORTH-WESTERN BORDER BETWEEN BRAZIL AND BOLIVIA
- 8. MANAUS NEGRO RIVER SOLIMÕES RIVER Scarpelli
- 9. SANTAREM TAPAJÓS RIVER AMAZON RIVER Scarpelli Scarpelli
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- 16. 14 9 9 8 16 8 7 7 6 3 3 6 3 7 7 6 7 8 16 8 9 14 1 2 7 7 5 5 0,8 0 9 ARSENIC AT THE MOUTH OF THE AMAZON RIVER Sampling and assaying by LAQUANAM (Univ. Fed. Pará) ( mg As / m 3 ) In this sector of the North Channel, 24 t of As per meter of water depth. In this sector of the Breves Through and Pará River, 20 t de As per meter of water depth. 100 km Scarpelli Breves Through North Channel South Channel Pará River
- 17. 3 6 3 6 7 7 8 16 8 9 14 9 5 5 7 7 2 1 LAQUANAM SAMPLING and SAMPLING HOLES OF THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY AMAZON SHELF SEDIMENTARY STUDY BELEM MACAPÁ Santana Sampling of LAQUANAM (mg/m 3 As) 100 km Sampling sites where liberation of As from sediments was observed ost 3 ost 2 ost 1 rtm 3 rtm 2 rtm 1 current direction Scarpelli <1
- 18. 25 m 55 m 75 m High water flow Low water flow Scarpelli ARSENIC AND IRON IN INTERSTITIAL WATERS, AT THE TOP OF THE SEDIMENT COLUMN, AT THE AMAZON DELTA NORTHWEST PROFILE (OST DRILL HOLES) (Sullivan, K.A. and Aller, R.C., “Diagenetic cycling of arsenic in Amazon shelf sediments”, Geoc.&Cosm.Acta vol.60, pp.1465-1477, 1996) (original values presented in uM, recalculated to ppb, or mg/m 3 , and ppm)
- 19. 25 m 55 m 75 m High water flow Low water flow Scarpelli ARSENIC AND IRON IN INTERSTITIAL WATERS, AT THE TOP OF THE SEDIMENT COLUMN, AT THE AMAZON DELTA SOUTHEAST PROFILE (MRT DRILL HOLES) (Sullivan, K.A. and Aller, R.C., “Diagenetic cycling of arsenic in Amazon shelf sediments”, Geoc.&Cosm.Acta vol.60, pp.1465-1477, 1996) (original values presented in uM, recalculated to ppb, or mg/m 3 , and ppm)
- 20. 25 m 55 m 75 m High water flow Low water flow NORTHWEST PROFILE SOUTHEAST PROFILE Scarpelli ARSENIC AND IRON IN INTERSTITIAL WATERS, AT THE TOP OF THE SEDIMENT COLUMN, AT THE AMAZON DELTA (Sullivan, K.A. and Aller, R.C., “Diagenetic cycling of arsenic in Amazon shelf sediments”, Geoc.&Cosm.Acta vol.60, pp.1465-1477, 1996)