Practical Considerations for Implementing Prefabricated Data Centers
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This document discusses practical considerations for implementing prefabricated modular data centers. Some key differences from traditional data center deployment include shorter planning/design time, simplified permitting process, and modules arriving near fully assembled. Site preparation is also simpler, involving preparing the site with pipes and circuits before installing the prefabricated modules using cranes or forklifts. Proper placement, handling, and securing of the modules is discussed.
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Practical Considerations for Implementing Prefabricated Data Centers
- 1. Practical Considerations for Implementing Prefabricated Data Centers Schneider Electric Data Center Science Center White Paper 166 Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 2. Implementing prefabricated modular data centers results in well-understood benefits including speed of deployment, predictability, scalability, and lifecycle cost. The process of deploying them – from designing the data center, to preparing the site, to procuring the equipment, to installation – is quite different than that of a traditional data center. This paper presents practical considerations, guidance, and results that a data center manager should expect from such a deployment. Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 3. Introduction Understand practical considerations of deploying prefabricated modular data centers Considerations •• Project plan and design • Site prep • How equipment is procured • How equipment is installed and commissioned Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 4. Prefab vs. Traditional Data Centers Deployment process Prefabricated data center deployment Traditional data center deployment • Engineering and specification performed at • Engineering and specification performed at Plan / Design system level • Less than 12 weeks for planning/design component level • Generally 24 (or more) weeks for planning/design • Value of UL Listed or other agency listed modules omitted from permitting costs • Permitting costs include value of all systems • documentation detailed Site preparation • Permitting documentation focus on interconnections of modules • Inspection of field-work only, not of subsystems within modules • Options placement Permitting requires drawings at subsystem level • Inspection of all field work, including traditional subsystem interconnections • Systems placed indoors except heat rejection of indoor or outdoor and • Modules generally placed directly over underground wiring/piping generator • Wiring/piping to building may require support hardware or special structures Procurement • Modules generally designed to meet transportation weight limits, arrive near fully assembled • Products arrive in different shipments, by different vendors • Construction trash is minimal • Construction trash is significant Installation • Climate and outdoor conditions / landscape impact placement / orientation when installed outdoors • Only outdoor cooling system and generator must consider outdoor conditions / landscape • Installed by forklifts and by hand, as separate • Typically installed by truck crane products Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 5. Planning & Design Considerations Classification as “personal property” Prefab modules classified as “personal property” rather than “site” or “building improvements” • Modules booked and depreciated separate from building • May be leased independent of other site assets • May be moved from one regional data center to another while maintaining its prior depreciation and value Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 6. Planning & Design Considerations System-level design engineering • Uses a system-level design approach rather than designing from parts • No need for architectural decisions •• Reduces time spent understanding requirements and developing design • All components and controls implemented and tested in factory as a complete system Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 7. Site Preparation Considerations Site prep work is simplified • Permits obtained • Pipes and circuits laid • Land/building readied for system • Site inspection Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 8. Site Preparation Considerations Permits and inspection • Reduced time to develop construction drawings and permit sets • More efficient review and inspection • Inspection focused on field-constructed aspects of prefab data centers only • Permitting costs don’t include value of facility module Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 9. Site Preparation Considerations Locating modules indoors vs. outdoors • Weather-tight modules designed for outdoor use • Saves money – outdoor square footage less expensive • Must be near utilities, i.e., electricity, water, etc. • Consider ease of installation, servicing and general housekeeping • Modules installed indoors if: • module is skid-mounted • module enclosure is not weather rated • need/desire to protect personnel from inclement weather during operation and maintenance activities • require added security of critical systems Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 10. Site Preparation Considerations Foundations for modules • Continuous concrete slab • most common • Multiple independent concrete slabs • frequently used where surface water drainage is an issue • Piers or concrete columns • module is skid-mounted Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 11. Site Preparation Considerations Underground wire and piping interconnections • Data center module power less complex, less expensive if run underground • Requires fewer support structures • Can use less expensive materials • Power facility module can be dropped over pre-installed underground electrical conduits • Simplifies weather sealing and conductor terminations • Cooling modules located adjacent to emergence of underground chilled water piping • p Simplifies or eliminates need for pp support hardware or special structures Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 12. Procurement Considerations Simpler, faster than traditional data center • Modules purchased from single vendor as single system or set of systems • Delivery challenges avoided • Transportation regulations taken into account by prefab integrators Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 13. Procurement Considerations Transportation • Modules transported by truck • regulations governing weights and dimensions vary by state, country • ISO containers a common form factor • Module transport often contracted out • Protective measures taken prior to shipment •• examples –– doors secured, loose items tied down Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 14. Procurement Considerations Packaging • Minimal packaging • reduces time and cost of packaging disposal • Exception -- UPS • batteries removed, packaged and restrained for safe transport Traditional Prefabricated Comparison of trash volume Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 15. Procurement Considerations Protection from the elements • Modules not fully enclosed or weather tight must be sealed for transport • Common approaches • hard exterior • heavy duty shrink wrap • Packaged modules arrive in cleaner condition Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 16. Site Installation Considerations Well-designed modules = faster, simpler installation • Module location • How to handle and place modules • How to secure modules Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 17. Site Installation Considerations Positioning and orientation • Module placement outdoors significantly impacts • reliability • efficiency • accessibility • maintainability • Avoid • too much sun exposure • Stacked modules save space overhanging objects • high traffic areas • obstructions • poor drainage areas Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 18. Site Installation Considerations Handling and placement • Container handlers • Overhead cranes • Mobile cranes • most economical choice for installation •• saves time and expense • To prevent damage • minimize contact between lifting straps and modules • level the load • use professional crane company Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 19. Site Installation Considerations Securing modules and seismic considerations • Fix modules to location to withstand horizontal and vertical forces • example -- wind • Address seismic requirements where they exist • concrete foundation • foundation to module connection • Refer to seismic planning guides offered by data center manufacturers Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 20. Conclusion ● Prefab modules simplify data center planning ● Compressed schedule from concept to completion ● Unique aspects of prefab vs. traditional ● planning ● site preparation ● packaging ● delivery ● handling ● placement ● securing module Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014
- 21. Resources Accounting and Tax Benefits of Modular, Portable Data Center Infrastructure White Paper 115 Data Center Projects: System Planning White Paper 142 Containerized Power and Cooling Modules for Data Centers White Paper 163 TCO Analysis of a Traditional Data Center vs. a Scalable, Containerized Data Center White Paper 164 Types of Prefabricated Modular Data Centers White p Paper 165 Browse all white papers whitepapers.apc.com Prefabricated vs. Traditional Data Center Cost Calculator TradeOff Tool 17 Data Center Design Planning Calculator TradeOff Tool 8 Browse all TradeOff Tools™ tools.apc.com Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 166 Presentation – July 2014