The Beating Heart of the School? Teacher and Librarian Perspectives on the School Library
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Presentation on initial survey results of the relevance and use of secondary school libraries in New Zealand at the RLL-2 (Research by Librarians for Librarians) Symposium in Auckland, May 2018
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The Beating Heart of the School? Teacher and Librarian Perspectives on the School Library
- 1. The beating heart of the school? Teacher & librarian perspectives on the school library
- 4. Purpose of the Research Question: “Why, if we know the school library is an essential part of student learning, is the library so undervalued?”
- 5. Purpose of the Research Hypothesis: Possibility that teachers and librarians have fundamentally different beliefs and attitudes about the role of the library and the work of the librarians, andthat these attitudes and beliefs may be undermining the potential of library services in schools to impact on student learning
- 6. Theory Context: Literature The value of school libraries Attitudes and beliefs
- 7. Theory Literature Review: The value of the library to student learning The current value and resourcing of libraries in schools Literature of attitudes and beliefs
- 8. Methodolog y & Tools Qualitative Data Two nationwide surveys – one for teachers and one for librarians To establish comprehensive view of how school libraries and library services are understood 73School Librarians 69 Teachers
- 9. Open-ended Questions - Librarians 1. Thinking about how you work with teachers at your school, what are the things that currently work well, and what factors support these successes? 2. Thinking about how you work with teachers at your school, what are areas for improvement, and what barriers make it harder to make those improvements?
- 10. Data identificatio n Themes: Attitudes Beliefs Identity Time pressures Resourcing Integration/collaboration Support from management Communication Institutional policy
- 11. Findings Success Factors Librarians Communication Building relationships
- 12. Success Factors Teachers Resources Librarian attitude Findings
- 13. Findings Librarian survey % Teacher survey % Resources 16.5 44 Teacher attitudes 15 Librarian attitudes 29 43.5 Time 4 Collaboration/integration 20 6 Senior management engagement whole of institution policy 8.5 12 Teacher beliefs 2.5 Librarian identity 22 Communication/Relationships 44.5 Things that work well and factors supporting success
- 14. Barriers to success Multi-factorial Disconnect between understanding of the role of the librarian Resourcing understood differently Findings
- 15. Findings Librarian survey % Teacher survey % Resources 35 62 Teacher attitudes 27 7 Librarian attitudes 4.5 Time 35 10.5 Collaboration/integration 26 10.5 Senior management engagement whole of institution policy 30 12 Teacher beliefs 19 Librarian identity 30 Communication/Relationships 42.5 Areas for improvement and barriers
- 16. Findings We were surprised by just how differently the teachers & librarians viewed the library
- 20. Does it matter? Different beliefs and attitudes of teachers & librarians
- 21. Teacher Quote “Working with our library staff enabled students to access a wide range of information in our library I never even knew existed. Not only (the) resources and texts we had on site but also external, digital sources of information.”
- 22. Conclusion s Attitudes & beliefs Significant drivers of practice and hard to shiftStaffing Inconsistent approach Librarian – qualified or not Teacher – no library qualification Volunteers Funding Operations Grant
- 23. Recommendation s Attitudes & Beliefs How to change them? Consistent staffing approach Tagged library funding School library qualifications
- 24. Reflections Engagement Would’ve liked a bigger sample from teachers and particularly principals Whole school IL Poor response from principals and senior leaders - unable to capture meaningful data Cry of librarians Desperate to become the heart of the school
- 25. Reflections Of an Emerging Researcher …. Need to be a reflective practitioner Acknowledge your own strengths and weakness Ask questions – especially the “why” and “how” ones Large team – pluses & minuses
Notas del editor
- Mihi
- Team of secondary & tertiary librarians, teachers & researchers working with 7 schools & 4 tertiary institutions from Northland to Southland. 2nd of 3 year TLRI funded research project Aims: Improve students’ IL competencies & learning across the senior secondary & tertiary sectors. To what extent teacher-librarian collaborative partnerships enhance student learning outcomes in the area of ILS
- Two elements to our research – 1 is student learning and ILS – 2 is the focus of this part of the research, which is the extent collaboration between teachers and librarians will impact that learning Following the only comprehensive survey of school libraries in NZ (ERO 2005) results showed 30% secondary school libraries were not effective in enabling students to connect with the information landscape (NLNZ & MOE publication 2002) 47% not set up to effectively support IL develop. Series of causes including Patterns of poor staffing – including employment of unqualified staff Poor planning – lack of vision & strategic direction Disconnect between teachers and the library QUOTE FROM ERO: “In many schools where the library infrastructure and resources were set up to support IL, effective links were not being made between the library and the school’s teaching and learning programmes”
- Comprehensive international research and reports tell us the school library IS essential to student learning
- Context for the research, which involved significant literature review: study of the literature on the value of school libraries literature on the attitudes and beliefs Despite this comprehensive research, school libraries increasingly under-resourced and separated from core learning activities
- Data set comprised answers to series of open-ended questions in TWO nationwide 2017 surveys Designed to establish comprehensive view how school library & library services understood & positioned in NZ 73 librarians – 69 teachers We will gather specific data related collaborations in our schools including: Interviews with teachers, librarians and students Evaluative survey data Copies of assessments IL Rubric data from students in Y12 & 13 – pre and post IL interventions (Terms 1 & 3)
- Replaced with two complementary questions for teachers
- Responses in each category were quantified and each theme analysed in further depth
- Success – Librarians communication building relationships & trust with specific teachers and depts. Multi-faceted approach to success – often linked to teacher attitudes and attributing value to librarian
- Success – Teachers Resources of the physical library space (layout – computers – WIFI – staffing – budget) Positive attitude of the librarian towards students & staff (helpfulness - thinking ahead - being pro-active)
- Barriers to success – librarians Multi-faceted across the board Barriers to success – teachers – Resources
- Results reinforced what the librarians were telling us
- Important - findings in no way suggest that teachers do not value the library. Quite the contrary: teachers who responded placed great deal of value on supportive, helpful librarians, & many expressed considerable frustration at what they saw as under-funding of a significant teaching & learning resource/space. Almost all showed positive attitudes to the library.
- But teachers’ beliefs positioned the library as a resource (space, IT services, staffing) Teacher beliefs about the role of the library and librarians confirmed the librarians’ beliefs that teachers saw them in a support role, rather than as an integral part of teaching and learning.
- If teachers only see librarians as “helpful” and not as professionals with complementary skills then library will continue to be only a satellite to the real business of teaching and learning instead of the centre of school life and learning programmes.
- Will the teacher/librarian collaboration part of our project provide evidence of benefits to having two education professionals working together? Will this in turn support required changes to staffing and support for school libraries nationally? Attitudes & beliefs: Significant drivers of practice & hard to shift Staffing: Inconsistent, qualified or not, volunteers Funding: Operations Grant
- More survey participants Communication channels Tried everything to increase the response rate – Wish we had a bigger sample, particularly of teachers. Tried to survey principals, but disappointing response. Bigger sample - drill down further into whether different school types (decile, size, regional/urban, private/public) had different approaches to the library. If we had comments from principals, then we would be able to examine their attitudes and beliefs, and whether they impact on practice/resourcing. Many librarians want “whole of school” approach IL & library seems to be sorely lacking - principals may have shed some light on why this was the case.