understanding physical design of internet of things in simple way iot devices iot protocols

2.  Physical design of IoT refers to
IoT devices and IoT protocols

3.  Things refers to IoT devices which have unique
identities and can perform remote sensing ,
actuating and monitoring capabilities
 IoT devices can be various type : sensing
devices , smart watches , smart electronic
appliances , wearable sensors , automobiles
and industrial machines

4. Connectivity
USB Host
RJ45/ETHERNET
Processor
CPU
Audio/Video
Interfaces
HDMI
3.5mm audio
RCA video
Memory
NAND/NOR
DDR1/2/3
Graphics
GPU
Storage Interfaces
SD
MMC
SDIO
I/O
Interfaces
UART
SPI
I2C
CAN

5.  IoT protocols help to establish communication
between IoT device and cloud based server
over the internet
 It help to sent commands to IoT device and
received data from an IoT device over the
internet

6. Application Layer
HTTP CoAP Web Sockets
MQTT XMPP DDS AMQP
Transport Layer
TCP UDP
Network Layer
Link Layer
IPv4 IPv6 6LoWPAN
802.3-Ethernet 802.16-WiMax
802.11-WiFi 802.15.4-LR-WPAN
2G/3G/
LTE -
Cellular

7. HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
 Transmitting hypermedia documents such as HTML
 It was designed for communication between web
browsers and web servers
 HTTP is a stateless protocol , meaning that the server
does not keep any data between two requests

8. CoAP(Constrained Application Protocol)
 It is a specialized internet application protocol
for constrained devices
 It enables devices to communicate over the
internet
 The protocol is especially targeted for
constrained hardware such as 8-bits
microcontrollers,low power sensors

9. WebSocket
 The websocket protocol enables two-way
communication between a client running
untrusted code in a controlled environment to
a remote host that has opted in to
communications from that code

10. MQTT
 It is machine-machine(M2M)/”Internet of
Things” connectivity protocol
 It was designed as an extremely lightweight
publish/subscribe messaging transport and
useful for connections with remote locations

11. XMPP(Extensible Messaging and Presence
Protocol)
 It is a communication protocol for message-
oriented middleware based on XML
 It enables the near real time exchange of
structured yet extensible data between any two
or more network entities

12. DDS(Data Distribution Service)
 It is a middleware protocol
 It integrates the components of a system
together providing low-latency data
connectivity , extreme reliability and a scalable
architecture

13. AMQP
 The AMQP protocol enables patron programs
to talk to the dealer and engage with the
AMQP model

14. TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)
 It is a standard that defines how to establish
and maintain a network conversation through
which application programs can exchange data
 TCP works with the Internet
Protocol(IP),which defines how computers
send packets of data to each other

15. UDP(User Datagram Protocol)
 It is a part of Internet Protocol Suite , referred
as UDP/IP suite
 It is unreliable and connectionless protocol
 So , there is no need to establish connection
prior to data transfer

16. IPv4
 Internet Protocol version 4(IPv4) defines an IP
address as a 32-bit number

17. IPv6
 It defines 128 bits for the IP address
 It was developed to deal with the long-
anticipated problem of IPv4 address
exhaustion

18. 6LoWPAN(Low-Power Wireless Personal Area
Networks)
 This protocol allows for the smallest devices
with limited processing ability to transmit
information wirelessly using an internet
protocol

19. 802.3-Ethernet
 It is a set of technologies and protocols that are
used primarily in LANs
 Ethernet is classified into two categories :
classic Ethernet and switched Ethernet

20. 802.11-WiFi
 It specifies the set of MAC(Media Access
Control) and physical layer protocols for
implementing WLAN(wireless local area
network) WiFi computer communication in
various frequencies

21. 802.16 - Wi-Max
 It is a standard for Wireless Metropolitan Area
Network(WMAN)
 It is specializing in point-to-multipoint
broadband wireless access

22. 802.15.4 – LR – WPAN
 A collection of standards for Low-Rate
Wireless Personal Area Network
 The standards provide low-cost and low-speed
communication for power constrained devices

23. 2G/3G/4G-Mobile Communication
 These are different types of telecommunication
generations
 IoT devices are based on these standards can
communicate over the cellular networks