This presentation focusses on the use cases and motivations behind FMI and provide some tips on when to use Model Exchange or Co-Simulation. It illustrates how FMI helps covering all the phases of product design in a scalable way by connecting LMS Imagine.Lab Amesim™ models with models of various levels of detail such as 3D/MBS tools or advanced FEA or CFD codes. Parallelized heterogeneous co-simulation of Functional Mock-up Units (FMUs) is described from MiL, through SiL, towards HiL applications, for instance on recent FMI compliant multiprocessor real-time targets. The use of “surrogate FMUs” for controls validation, or for evaluating global product performance attributes such as Vehicle Fuel Economy is discussed. Then it is explained why FMI enables the management of complex product architectures and their associated scenarios at high level, and how this can be achieved thanks to Siemens PLM Software's LMS Imagine.Lab product family. Lastly, Siemens PLM Software provides its view and perspectives on promising evolutions of the FMI standard.

1. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016 Realize innovation.
How to leverage the Functional Mock-up Interface
(FMI) for Model Based Systems Engineering
(MBSE) at all stages of product development
LMS Imagine.Lab Amesim™ – Platform Product Management

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The Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI)
• FMI Use Cases and Motivations
• What is a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)?
• The two FMI flavors
• Collaborative MBSE with LMS Amesim through FMI
• Application examples
• Siemens PLM Software:
a recognized FMI driver
• Perspectives

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FMI Use Cases and Motivations
Use Cases to address:
• Collaborative MBSE:
• Between OEMs and suppliers
• Between departments of the same company
• Involving different domains and complexity levels
The solution is:
• Tool neutral software interface
• Open format, with publicly available specifications: https://www.fmi-standard.org/downloads
Many existing and future interfacing possibilities
Numerous suppliers…
1 OEM (system integrator)
1D, 3D FEA/MBS, CFD, Controls, RSM, Real-Time…

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FMI Use Cases and Motivations
End-user motivations
• Standardized interfaces for sustainable tool chains
• Avoid de-facto proprietary middleware
Business Case for FMI is cost-effective
Simpler workflows & more direct tool chains
Motivations for LMS Amesim
• Reduce the number of interfaces
• Better integration of LMS Amesim
into existing SW environments
With FMI, you can select your most
convenient tool for result analysis,
for example LMS Amesim

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The Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI)
• FMI Use Cases and Motivations
• What is a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)?
• The two FMI flavors
• Collaborative MBSE with LMS Amesim through FMI
• Application examples
• Siemens PLM Software:
a recognized FMI driver
• Perspectives

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What is a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)?
An FMU usually is:
• A compiled version of a model with
predefined signal inputs and outputs
Reasonable confidentiality / IP protection
Independent from compilation aspects
or physical domains
An FMU can be:
• A “source code FMU”
Providing the model’s source code in
addition to required precompiled libraries
is useful for HiL applications
Several HW manufacturers support FMI to cover
all the MiL, SiL, HiL phases of the “V” diagram,
which maximizes reusability of FMUs
c files( )
dll files
xml file

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The Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI)
• FMI Use Cases and Motivations
• What is a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)?
• The two FMI flavors
• Collaborative MBSE with LMS Amesim through FMI
• Application examples
• Siemens PLM Software:
a recognized FMI driver
• Perspectives

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1st FMI flavor: FMI for Model Exchange
FMI for Model Exchange:
Importing or Exporting models without solvers
Suitable for simple “low detail” or surrogate models
Often CPU efficient
Sometimes generates algebraic loops
To Amesim
1
2
1
2
From LMS Amesim

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2nd FMI flavor: FMI for Co-Simulation
FMI for Co-Simulation:
Importing or Exporting models with native solvers
Robust & reliable results, high detail models
Protection against importing tool version changes
Allows for modular approaches (e.g. parallel multicore execution)
Stability / performance compromise to be managed
To Amesim
1
2
1
2
From
Amesim

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The Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI)
• FMI Use Cases and Motivations
• What is a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)?
• The two FMI flavors
• Collaborative MBSE with LMS Amesim through FMI
• Application examples
• Siemens PLM Software:
a recognized FMI driver
• Perspectives

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LMS Amesim as FMI importing/master platform
Importing 3rd party FMUs into LMS Amesim
• LMS Amesim as heterogeneous simulation platform:
• Use as many FMUs as desired
• Mix Model Exchange and Co-Simulation
• Benefit from each authoring tool's specificities
• Predict and analyze the multi-domain performance
of your complete system

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LMS Amesim FMUs used in other FMI tools
Exporting LMS Amesim co-simulation FMUs into a 3rd party tool
• Embedded LMS Amesim know-how
• Plug LMS Amesim into any FMI tool
• Tune solver capabilities after import
• No model-solver adaptation needed
• Equivalent to running LMS Amesim
without GUI
• Compatibility
• LMS Amesim FMUs are pre-compiled for all
standard platforms
• IP protection
• No sensitive files are present
• Visibility level is tunable:
“white-”, “grey-” or “black-box” FMUs

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The Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI)
• FMI Use Cases and Motivations
• What is a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)?
• The two FMI flavors
• Collaborative MBSE with LMS Amesim through FMI
• Application examples
• Siemens PLM Software:
a recognized FMI driver
• Perspectives

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Application: ABS & ESC validation
FMU imported into complete vehicle model
ESC & ABS model with hydraulic circuit
1D 3D/MBS CFD Control
X
ME Import ME Export Cosim Master Cosim Slave
X X
MIL

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Hydraulic part and imported controller
Application: Complete braking system
Coupled model (LMS Amesim + Simulink) exported as
an FMU for co-simulation
FMU imported into SIMPACK
Control logic of ESC system
1D 3D/MBS CFD Control
X X X
ME Import ME Export Cosim Master Cosim Slave
X X
MIL SIL

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Application: landing gear (aerospace domain)
FMU is generated with LMS Virtual.Lab Motion
FMU is imported into LMS Amesim
1D 3D/MBS CFD Control
X X
ME Import ME Export Cosim Master Cosim Slave
X

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Application: FMUs containing surrogate models
Use cases:
• Exporting surrogate models as FMUs (Real-
Time, controls validation, high-level vehicle
attributes, component sizing)
• Combining several “surrogate FMUs”
for CPU efficient system-level validation
(e.g. assemblies of multiple
response surfaces)
• No IP in surrogate models
• Numerous surrogate models
is still efficient
• Surrogate models are solver-friendly
(“FMI for Model Exchange”)
• Suitable for steady-state or low dynamics
• Not suitable for high dynamics
High detail model
Low detail model (e.g. Response Surface)
MIL SIL
HILSIL

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Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI)
• FMI Use Cases and Motivations
• What is a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)?
• The two FMI flavors
• Collaborative MBSE with LMS Amesim through FMI
• Application examples
• Siemens PLM Software:
a recognized FMI driver
• Perspectives

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LMS Amesim Cross Check results
https://www.fmi-standard.org/tools
Cross-check passed for all FMI modes currently supported:
• LMS Amesim: 1st FMI 2.0 co-simulation master platform to have passed the cross-check
(LMS Amesim 15)

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Publications and research activities
Various conference papers on FMI:
• 1D-3D coupling between
LMS Amesim and LMS
Virtual.Lab Motion.
Awarded best paper
at the 2013 JSAE annual
congress (Spring) [1]
• Research activity on advanced co-simulation:
• 10th Modelica Conference 2014’ [2]
• 2014 JSAE annual congress [3]
[1] Etele Erdelyi H., Viel A., Ogata Y.: Investigating the applicability of the FMI standard for co-simulation in
automotive application scenarios, JSAE Annual Congress, Yokohama, April 24, 2013.
[2] Viel A.: Implementing stabilized co-simulation of strongly coupled systems using the Functional Mock-up Interface 2.0,
10th International Modelica Conference, Lund, March 2014.
[3] Ogata Y., Loyer B., Viel A.: New trends and methods for the co-simulation of strongly coupled systems
using the Functional Mock-up Interface 2.0, JSAE Annual Congress, Yokohama, May 23, 2014.

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The Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI)
• FMI Use Cases and Motivations
• What is a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)?
• The two FMI flavors
• Collaborative MBSE with LMS Amesim through FMI
• Application examples
• Siemens PLM Software:
a recognized FMI driver
• Perspectives

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Perspectives for LMS Imagine.Lab Amesim
• Powerful, simulation platform combining the
strengths of “traditional” LMS Amesim with
increasingly important technologies like FMI and
Modelica
• User-friendly workflow to integrate these
subsystems into a single system model
• Solve the coupled system with robust numerical
algorithms
• Provide all the tools needed to analyze, visualize,
explore and understand the system

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Take Away Messages
Siemens PLM Software:
• Promotes FMI as a reliable standard
• Is an active member of FMI Steering Committee and FMI Design group
• Has highly contributed to the specification of FMI 1.0 and FMI 2.0
• Remains the voice of its industrial customers for FMI evolutions, focusing on compatibility, simplicity,
reliability and neutrality
• Provides high-level support for the deployment of FMI
• Continues his research activity on advanced co-simulation

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Dr. Bruno LOYER
LMS Amesim Platform – Product Manager
Siemens Industry Software S.A.S.
Digital Factory Division
Product Lifecycle Management
Simulation & Test Solutions
DF PL STS CAE 1D
Thank you!
Realize innovation.