Git Crash Course

RACKSPACE® HOSTING | WWW.RACKSPACE.COMsimone.soldateschi@rackspace.co.uk
Brown bag - Crash course
From «I cloned», to «I push»

Agenda
● Presentation (20’)
o Basic commands
o Branching and merging
o Git repositories and sharing code
● Q&A (5’)
● Quiz (5’)

Git setup
$ git config --global user.name "FOO BAR"
$ git config --global user.email foobar@acme.com

The very beginning
$ mkdir ccbb-git
$ cd ccbb-git
$ ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 simo6545 1604020879 68 Feb 1 09:01 ./
drwxr-xr-x 117 simo6545 1604020879 3978 Feb 1 09:01 ../
local directory

Working directory
$ git
usage: git [--version] [--help] [-c name=value]
[--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-
path]
[-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
[--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
<command> [<args>]
The most commonly used git commands are:
add Add file contents to the index
bisect Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
branch List, create, or delete branches
...

Working directory - poking around
$ echo 'The very beginning' > README
$ git status
fatal: Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git
$ ls -la
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 3 simo6545 1604020879 102 Feb 1 09:28 .
drwxr-xr-x 117 simo6545 1604020879 3978 Feb 1 09:01 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 simo6545 1604020879 19 Feb 1 09:28 README

Working directory - create repository
$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/simo6545/tmp/20140201-090152/.git/
$ ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 4 simo6545 1604020879 136 Feb 1 09:38 ./
drwxr-xr-x 117 simo6545 1604020879 3978 Feb 1 09:01 ../
drwxr-xr-x 9 simo6545 1604020879 306 Feb 1 09:39 .git/
-rw-r--r-- 1 simo6545 1604020879 19 Feb 1 09:28 README
working directory

Working directory status
$ git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Untracked files:
# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
# README
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

Staging area
$ git status -s
?? README
$ git add README
$ git status -s
A README
stage changes

Staging area
$ echo 'This is the second line.' >> README
$ git status -s
AM README
$ git diff
diff --git a/README b/README
index 939d82f..9e92fed 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
The very beginning
+This is the second line.

Staging area
$ git add README
$ git status -s
A README
Stage changes again:
$ git diff

Commit to Git repository
$ git commit -m 'First commit'
[master (root-commit) 7c23e33] First commit
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 README
$ git log
commit 7c23e33b09b4863dbf59dbaec7bb023f7ff15c70
Author: Simone Soldateschi <simone.soldateschi@gmail.com>
Date: Sat Feb 1 10:10:48 2014 +0000
First commit

Recap - The three states

Basic commands

Tagging
$ git tag v0.1
$ git lg
* 7c23e33 - (HEAD, tag: v0.1, master) First commit (63 minutes ago)
$ echo 'Still working...' >> README
$ git status -s
M README
$ git add README
$ git status -s
M README

Tagging
$ git commit -m 'Second commit'
[master a0a8c4b] Second commit
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
$ git status -s
$ git lg
* a0a8c4b - (HEAD, master) Second commit (6 seconds ago)
* 7c23e33 - (tag: v0.1) First commit (67 minutes ago)
$ git tag v0.2
$ git lg
* a0a8c4b - (HEAD, tag: v0.2, master) Second commit (6 seconds ago)
* 7c23e33 - (tag: v0.1) First commit (67 minutes ago)

File status lifecycle

Branching
$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in
/Users/simo6545/tmp/20140201-090152/.git/
$ echo 'The first line' > README
$ git add README
$ git commit -m 'C0'
[master (root-commit) 38e3df8] C0
create mode 100644 README
$ echo 'The second line' >> README
$ git add README
$ git commit -m 'C1'
[master 836e142] C1

Branching

Branching
$ echo 'Experimental line' >> README
$ git add README
$ git commit -m "C2"
[experiment 18c3f30] C2

Merging

Merge conflict
$ git merge experiment
Auto-merging README
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in README
Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
$ cat README
The first line
The second line
<<<<<<< HEAD
The third line
=======
Experimental line
Another experimental line
The last experimental line
>>>>>>> experiment

Merge conflict
$ cat README
The first line
The second line
The third line
Experimental line
Another experimental line
The last experimental line
$ git add README
$ git commit -m ‘C6’

Rollback
Current content of README:
Look at repository logs:
Rollback:

Rollback
How does README look like?
What about repository logs?

Checkout
List branches (?!)
Restore master

Git repos & sharing code

http://gitorious.org
http://gna.org/projects/savane/

● remote
● clone
● pull
● push

Remote repository

Remote repository
$ git remote
origin
$ git remote -v
origin git@github.com:siso/ccbbgit.git (fetch)
origin git@github.com:siso/ccbbgit.git (push)

pull
do stuff
push

Remote repository - README.md
$ cat > README.md << EOF
# Git Crash Course - Brown Bag
## Paragraph 1
* **Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet**, consectetur adipiscing elit. Donec tempor justo
vitae nisi condimentum, id lobortis turpis tincidunt.
## Paragraph 2
* Duis egestas arcu quis elit posuere, vel iaculis lacus lobortis. Duis ultricies
sem in diam facilisis, eget blandit mi rutrum.
EOF

Markdown
Markdown cheatsheethttps://github.com/adam-p/markdown-
here/wiki/Markdown-Cheatsheet

Remote repository - push
$ git add README.md
$ git commit -m 'first release'
[master e0b1158] first release
1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)
$ git push origin master
Counting objects: 5, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 464 bytes | 0 bytes/s,
done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@github.com:siso/ccbbgit.git
5df3dad..e0b1158 master -> master

local actions
and objects
remote actions
and objects

A successful branching model

Git aliases
$ git config --global alias.b branch
$ git config --global alias.lg log --graph --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -
%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr)%Creset' --abbrev-commit --date=relative
$ git config --global alias.serve !git daemon --reuseaddr --verbose --base-
path=. --export-all ./.git
$ git config --global alias.st status st

Quiz

Give your feedback!

References
Git SCMhttp://git-scm.com/
A Visual Git Referencehttp://marklodato.github.io/visual-git-guide/index-
en.html
Git Workflowshttps://www.atlassian.com/git/workflows

Homework
● Replay examples
● commit result to GitHub
● send me a message

Git Crash Course

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