ICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
Towards Hybrid and Diversity-Aware Collective Adaptive Systems
1. Fausto Giunchiglia Vincenzo Maltese
Stuart Anderson Daniele Miorandi
DISI, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
U-Hopper & CREATE-NET, Trento, Italy
Towards Hybrid and Diversity-Aware
Collective Adaptive Systems
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5. How is this Collective Adaptive?
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Reputation (Joe should have one too)
Reputation is a collective asset.
Reputation drives selection process
Reputation aggregates behaviour
6. Aggregation/Stratification
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Aggregation builds collective assets.
Goes together with stratification
Stratification determines the “relevant” population
Stratification is driven by particular observations on the
population.
Aggregation/Stratification builds layered systems
Aggregation/Stratification support collectives as actors
Empirically there are ethical concerns
Aggregation used to justify lack of transparency
Stratification can identify
7. Layered Systems
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Layer 2: Incentivising the creation of self organising
transport groups – analyse data, bring people together,
improved reliability, stable cost.
Aggregation of Trip data is essential to achieve this and
stratification drives specificity.
The extra layer changes evidence from the first layer.
Layer 3: Incentivise the creation of policy experimentation
based on evidence from layer 1 and 2.
Requires aggregation of modes of organisation/provision…
8. Social Computation
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Programming model that taking humans and programs
working in close cooperation.
Human computation depends on resources (e.g.
communication) and incentives
There are many emerging models:
Mechanical turk
Games with a purpose
Crowdsourcing
…
9. Compositionality
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Slogan – “the meaning of the whole is a function of the
meaning of the parts”.
Key property if systems are to be intellectually tractable.
Many components don’t compose nicely.
Meaning is context dependent, “good enough” semantics
could deploy humans to resolve context/calculate
semantics, could be relativised to the context.
Compositionality potentially generalises ideas about
aggregation suggests architectures of “social machines”