maternity

1. Mittal college of
nursing
Vital
statistics
PRESENTED BY :-
AYUSHI BAGWAL
BSc. NURSING 4th year
Topic
:-
Date=
01/04/2019

2. INTRODUCTION
The process of maintaining vital statistics is a
purposefull mechanism of collecting,
processing, analyzing and transmitting the
information required for organizing and
operating health services and also for research
and training .

3. AIMS
• Providing reliable , relevant ,up to date ,adequate
,timely and reasonably complete information to the
health authority at all levels.
• Health care providers are able to intervene the
health status of the population ,provided availability
of appropriate tools for measuring health, illness and
the well being is there .
• It is the transformation of information through
integration and processing with perception and
experience based on social and political value .

4. WHY VITAL STATISTICS
REQUIRE
•The system should be population based .
•The system should avoid unnecessary
agglomeration of data.
•The system should be problem oriented.
•Functional and operational terms.
•Should express information briefly and
imaginatively.

5. DEFINITION
• Vital statistics are conventionally numerical
records of marriage , birth , sickness and
death by which the health and growth of
community may be studied.
• It is a branch of biometry that deals with data
and law of human mortality , morbidity and
demography.

6. INDICATORS
• Demography and vital events.
• Environment health statistics.
• Health resources facilities ,beds , manpower .
• Utilization and non utilization of health
services attendance.
• Health care indices.
• Financial statistics.

7. PURPOSE
• To describe the level of community health ,
diagnose community illness and solution of
health problems.
• To determine success or failure of specific
health problems.
• To promote health legislation at local and
national level.
• To develop policies and procedure at state
and center level.

8. IMPORTANCE OF VITAL
STATISTICS
•To evaluate impact of various national
health prog.
•To plan for better future measures of
disease control.
•To explain hereditary nature of disease.
•To evaluate economic and social
development.
•It is primary tool of research activity.

9. USES OF VITAL
INFORMATION
• The vital information of a population are basis
of planning , administration and effective
management health service and programs .
• Assessment of health service in terms of
effectiveness and efficiency is done by
maintaining up to date record of all events .
• Assessment of attitude and degree of
satisfaction of the beneficiaries from the
health policies can be done.
• Measurement of health services status of
population .

10. SOURCES OF VITAL
INFORMATION
• Censes *epidemiological
surveillance
• Registration of vital events
• Simple registration system * health service
record
• Hospital records
• Notification of disease * population and
health
• Disease register surveys
• Record linkage

11. POINTS OF VITAL
STATISTICS
• Maternal mortality rate
• Maternal morbidity rate
• Perinatal mortality ,morbidity rate
• Neonatal mortality , morbidity rate
• Post neonatal mortality , morbidity rate
• Infant mortality ,morbidity rate
• 1-4 year child mortality ,morbidity rate
• Under 5 yr. mortality ,morbidity rate

12. MATERNAL
MORTALITY RATE
total no. of female
death due to complication of
pregnancy or within 42 days
of delivery from purpural causes
total no. of live birth in same
area in year.
100

13. CAUSES OF MATERNAL
MORTALITY
catego
ry
Dire
ct
Indirect Non
obstetric
Reproducti
ve
mortality
*Abortion * Ectopic gestation
*Pre eclampsia *Eclampsia
* Antepartum hemorrhage *puerperal
sepsis
*Postpartum hemorrhage

14. FACTORS OF
MORTALITY RATE
•AGE
•PARITY
•LOW SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS
•ANTENATAL CARE
•SUB STANDERD CARE

15. MATERNAL
MORBIDITY RATE
•IT is overarching term that refers to any
physical or mental illness or disability
directly related to pregnancy and or child
birth is not necessary for life threatening
.
•CAUSES = Infection , poor service ,
hygiene , hemorrhage , anemia ,abortion
, difficult labor, hypertension ,low socio
economic status, living standard.

16. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
OF MMR AND MATERNAL
MORBIDITY RATE
• Early registration of pregnancy.
• At least 3 antenatal check ups .
• Dietary supplementation including correct
anemia.
• Clean and aseptic delivery practices .
• Prevention of complications Eg. Preeclampsia
and malpresentation , ruptured uterus.
• Prevention of infection and hemorrhage.
• Treatment of medical conditions.

17. CONT.
*Institutional deliveries for
womans .
*Promotion of family planning.
*Identification of every maternal
death and search its cause.

18. PERINATAL MORTALITY
Late fetal death (28
weeks of gestation )
Early neonate
death (1ST Week )in
a yearLive birth in the
same year
1000

19. CAUSES OF PERINATAL
MORTALITY
ANTENA
TAL
INTRANAT
AL
POSTNATA
L
UNKNOWN
• MATERNAL
DISEASE
• PELVIC
DISEASE
• ANATOMICAL
DEFECT
• MAL
NUTRITION
• TOXEMIA OF
PREGNANCY
*BIRTH
INJURY
• ASPHYXIA
• PROLONGED
LABOR
• OBSTETRIC
COMPLICATI
ON
*PREMATURI
TY
• RESPIRATO
RY
DISTRESS
SYNDROM
ME
• INFECTION
ON
RESPIRATO

20. MEASURES OF REDUCE
PRENATAL MORTALITY
• Need to educate community about age of marriage.
• Adequate immunization ,prevention of HIV infection,
avoidance of drug abuse. o
• Proper nutrition to mother.
• In antenatal period optimum care of mother and need
to seek medical advice in emergency
• In intra natal period use aseptic techniques by
skilled person ,safe delivery ,control infection and
complications .

21. NEONATAL MORTALITY
RATE
no. of deaths of neonates under
28 days of age in year
total live births in the same year
CAUSES= LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
* PREMATURITY
* BIRTH INJURY AND DIFFICULT LABOR
1000

23. CON
T
• SEPSIS
• FETAL DISTRESS
• CONGENITAL ANOMALIES
• BIRTH ASPHYXIA AND TETANUS
• CONDITION OF PLACENTA AND CORD
• HEMOLYTIC DISEASE
• ARI

24. INFANT MORTALITY
RATE
No. of death
under 1 year of
age
Total live birth
in year
1000

25. IMPORTANCE OF
IMR•It depicts the age related mortality in
vunrable group with in the society .
•Specific health programme is affected
directly and rapidly rather than the
genral health problems .
•Improved obstetric and perinatal care.
•Improvement in the quality of life .
•Improvement of nutritional status .
•Family planning Eg. Birth spacing .

26. FACTORS AFFECTING
IMR• There are three factors include
(1)BIOLOGICAL FACTORS
• Birth weight
• Age of mother
• Birth spacing
• Birth order
• Multiple birth
• Family size
• High fertility

27. CONT
(2) ECONOMICAL FACTORS
(3) SOCIO CULTUAL FACTORS
• Breast feeding
• Religion and caste
• Early marriage
• Sex of child
• Maternal education
• Quality of health care and mother care
• Broken families

28. REDUCE IMR
MEASURE
•Improve health status of people.
•Raise female literacy.
• primary health care .
•Environmental sanitation .
•Prenatal nutrition .
•Socio economic development .

29. UNDER 5 YEAR
MORTALITY RATE
No. of death of
children aged 1-
4 year during a
yearTotal no. of children
aged 1-4 year at the
middle of year
1000

30. CAUSE
S•Communicable disease like diarrhea
,measles , whooping cough ,diphtheria
,ARI ,malnutrition .
•Accidents
•Congenital anomalies
•Malignant neoplasm
•Pneumonia
•Death

31. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
• Pre natal nutrition and routine check ups .
• Prevention of infection and aseptic
techniques .
• Breast feeding .
• Family planning .
• Sanitation .
• PHC and immunization
• Socio economic development
• National health prog.

32. FERTILITY RATE
General fertility rate = no. of live
birth per 1000 women in the
reproductive age group (15-49) in a
given year .
General marital fertility rate = no. of
live birth per 1000 married women in
the reproductive age group (15 -49) in
a given year .

33. CONT
•Total fertility rate = average no. of
children that would be born to a married
women .
•Fecundity rate = fertility should not be
confused with fecundity which refers to
the child bearing capacity of a women .
•Marriage rate =total no. of marriage
during a calendar year per 1000 total mid
year population

34. ABORTION RATE
No. of
induced
abortionTotal mid year
population of
women (15 -44 )
1000
RECORD AND REPORT

35. EVENT
TABLEEVENTS RATES AND
RATIO
BEST STATES WORST
MMR 130/ 100000
LIVE BIRTH
(2016)
KERALA (46) ASSAM
(237)AND UP
PMR 26/ 1000 MHARASHTRA
(61)
UTTARKKHAN
(201)
NMR 18 / 1000 TAMIL NADU
(66)(2016)
M.P (47),
ASSAM (44)
IMR 37/1000(2016) GOA,MANIPUR
(8,11)
UP (43)
TFR 2.43 (2017) SOUTH BIHAR 3.3

36. Thanks for
watching
Special thanks
for snehlata mam