Dark energy brief presentation.

1. Dark energy
& Dark matter
ENLIGHTING THE DARK
-SOUMYASHRE ROUT

2. Content Layout
1. Overview of dark matter
2. Overview of dark energy
3. Composition of universe
4. How dark energy and dark matter interact
5. Current and future research
6. Conclusion
7. Bibliography

3. Contributing scientists
Edwin Powell Hubble,
American astronomer,
MichelTurner, American
theoretical cosmologists

4. Dark matter is a hypothetical form of matter
which is not formed from atoms does not emit
or absorb light has some gravitational
properties as normal matter and binds the
universe together.
1.Gravitational lensing
2.galaxy rotation curves
3.large scale structure
4.cosmic microwave background

5. 1. bending of path of light
by dark matter{inferred due to distorted shapes
of back ground galaxies}
2. Rotation of stars
changes with the distance from the center of
galaxy.
3. The distribution of
galaxies in the universe is not uniform but is
clustered in to groups and filaments. Formation
of these structures can be explained by
gravitational pull of dark matter.
4. - CMB shows small fluctuation that are
consistent with the predicted distribution of dark
matter.

7. In the late 1990s scientists confirmed
that the rate of expansion of the universe is accelerating, based on the
observation of distant supernova.
This was expected that the rate of expansion of the universe is
slowing down over time due to gravitational attraction of matter.
But the observed acceleration can be explained by presence of dark
energy.
The left over radiation of big bang , provides the snap shot of early universe.The
fluctuations of CMB showed the existence of dark matter, but the presence of dark energy is required to
account for the accelerating expansion seen today.
3. the galaxy structures seen in the universe are speeding
away from each other.This acceleration of universe requires the presence of additional
source of repulsive force called dark energy.

9. Percentage
dark energy dark matter free H + He stars neutrinos heavy elements

10. Add a Slide Title - 1

11. DARKMATTER VS DARK ENERGY
DARK MATTER
• Second largest constituent of the universe.
• The gravity of dark matter is attractive.
• Interacts with normal matter by
gravity(gravitational lensing)
• Dark matter is not antimatter or blackholes.
• It binds the universe.
DARK ENERGY
• Largest constituent of the universe.
• It has repulsive gravity.
• No interaction with normal matter.
• Can be thought as 5th fundamental force.
• It tears the universe.

12. Current Researchs
• WIMP detectors
• XENON(GRANSASSO
NATIONAL LABORATORY ,
ITALY)
• Dark Side(Italy)
• LUX-ZEPLIN(SANFORD
UNDERGROUND RESEARCH
FACILITY IN SOUTHDAKOTA,
USA)
•
• Gravitational wave detectors
• LIGO(Hanford,Washington,
Livingston and Lusiana, USA)
• VIRGO(Pisa, Italy)
• KGRA(Japan)

13. XENON
Situated at Gran sasso underground laboratory in Italy commenced from
2002.
1. XENON1T(2016-2019)
2. XENON nT(2020-2025)

14. FUTURE EXPERIMENTS
1. LSST( Large synoptic survey telescope )
under construction in Chile
(expected 2024)
2. Euclid(ESA)

15. Euclid
Upcoming mission
developed by ESA with
partnership with NASA,
UK space agency and
Canadian space agency.

17. CONCLUSION
Dark matter and dark energy are the most fascinating and mysterious
aspect of the universe.Though we have made significant progress in
understanding them there is still a lot we don’t know. By continuing to study
these phenomena we can hope to gain a deeper understanding of the
universe and our place in it.