4. Protein
4
Infants –1.5 g / kg body weight
Adults –0.8 g / kg body weight
Older Adults –1 g / kg body weight-not making as
much HCl
Factors affecting protein intake
-cost, chewing, overall intake, GI problems
5. Water and Fiber
5
Water AI same as adults: 3.7 L men, 2.7 L women
Fiber needs decrease as kcal needs decrease:
-Adult Men –38 g / day
->50 Adult Men –30 g / day
-Adult Women –25 g / day
-> 50 Adult Women –21 g / day-
Most only consume 2/3 of recommend fiber
May prevent constipation and decrease risk of DM
6. Vitamins and Minerals
6
Most recommendations do not change, exceptions:
Calcium
- absorption efficiency decreases
- RDA increases from 1000 mg - 1200 mg/day
Vitamin D
- synthesis decreases
- RDA increases from 5 micrograms – 10-15 μg/d
Iron – females only
- cessation of menstruation
- RDA decreases from 18 mg – 8 mg/day
7. Nutrient and Food Intake
7
Quantity of food decreases with decreased kcal needs
Micronutrient needs do not decrease
Micronutrients of concern
- vitamin E
- magnesium
- fiber
- calcium
- potassium
- B12
- Zinc
8. Sources of nutrients that may be lacking
8
Vitamin E – veggie oils, nuts, seeds
Mg – green leafy veggies, beans, grains, nuts, milk
Fiber – whole grains, beans, veggies and fruit
Ca – milk products, green leafy veggies
K – fruits, veggies, milk products, grains, meats
B12 – animal products
Zinc – meat, seafood, dairy