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37 Lessons I’ve Learned
on the Performance Front Lines
Joshua Bixby
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   4
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   4
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   4
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   4
This convergence of awareness,
even urgency, on the business side
and growing expertise in the tech
community around web performance
marks the beginning of a new industry
that I’m calling “WPO” – Web
Performance Optimization.

                              Steve Souders, May 2010


© 2012 Strangeloop Networks      Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   6
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   7
Way back in 2009...




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   8
Velocity 2010




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   9
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   10
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   11
Our earliest mobile findings




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks    Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   12
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   13
IE9 will not make pages faster by default




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   14
CDN doesn’t always = faster




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   15
Using Google Analytics as a proxy




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   16
Real-world mirrored proxy metrics




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   17
97% of mobile response time is at the front end




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   18
Big players are as guilty as the rest of us




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   19
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   20
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   21
1 out 4 top sites don’t use cache headers




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   22
3rd party scripts




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   23
“Mobile rage”
       Not our
       study,
       but still
       interesting




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   24
Latency over 3G varies hugely
       Even when tested from the same location at the same time




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks              Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   25
35% of mobile visitors prefer the full site




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   26
Mobile: Full-site visitors spend more




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   27
Impact of delays on m-commerce metrics




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   28
Mobile: Impact of delay on bounce rate




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   29
Mobile: Impact of delays on return traffic




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   30
Average page views across browsers




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   31
Average time on site across browsers




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   32
Average bounce rate across browsers




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   33
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   34
Site speed and primary success?




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   35
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   36
Desktop latency ranges from 65-145ms




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   37
Mobile latency ranges from 90-190ms




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   38
Average web page is now 1 MB




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   39
Average web page is now 1 MB




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   40
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   41
Page size correlates to mobile load time




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   42
How does browser use vary through the day?




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   43
How does browser use vary over a week?




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   44
Finding the “performance poverty line”




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   45
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   46
Steve’s rules still apply


       http://www.webperformancetoday.com/2012/05/29/browser-
       innovation-14-web-performance-rules-faster-loading-websites/

       http://www.webperformancetoday.com/2012/09/13/browser-
       innovation-performance-rules-faster-loading-websites-2/




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks               Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   47
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   48
Ecommerce State of the Union (Fall 2012)




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   49
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   50
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   51
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   52
iPad 2 versus Galaxy Tablet




                               iPad 2                  Galaxy Tablet

      Platform                 iOS 5.1                  Android 4.04

      Browser                   Safari                 Android Browser

      Processor            1 GHz Apple A5                1 GHz ARM

      Display                  9.5 inch                   10.1-inch
                       512 MB DDR2 (1066 Mbit/s
      Memory                    RAM)                     1GB RAM

      Cellular Radio             3G                            3G
                                                  Class 12 (4+1/3+2/2+3/1+4
      GPRS                       YES                  slots), 32 - 48 kbps

      EDGE                      YES                      Class 12
                          HSDPA, 14.4 Mbps;       HSDPA, 21 Mbps; HSUPA,
      Speed                HSUPA, 2 Mbps                5.76 Mbps
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   94
iPhone 4 versus Galaxy S



                               iPhone 4                          Galaxy S

      Platform                    iOS 4.1                     Android 2.3.6

      Browser                      Safari                   Android Browser

      Processor               1GHz Apple A4                    1GHz ARM

      Display                    3.5- inch                       4-inch

      Memory                 512 MB eDRAM                     512 MB RAM

      Cellular Radio                3G                             3G
                       Class 10 (4+1/3+2 slots), 32 -   Class 12 (4+1/3+2/2+3/1+4
      GPRS                        48 kbps                   slots), 32 - 48 kbps

      EDGE                 Class 10, 236.8 kbps                 Class 12
                            HSDPA, 7.2 Mbps;            HSDPA, 7.2 Mbps; HSUPA,
      Speed                 HSUPA, 5.76 Mbps                   5.76 Mbps
iPhone 4 vs Galaxy S (3G)




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   96
iPhone 4 vs Galaxy S (3G)




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   97
3G compared to desktop




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   98
iPhone 5 versus Galaxy S3



                                  iPhone 5                           Galaxy S3

     Platform                       iOS 6                           Android 4.0.4

     Browser                        Safari                         Android Browser

     Processor                 1.3GHz Apple A6                 1.4 GHz quad-core ARM

     Display                        4-inch                             4.8-inch

     Memory                       1G eDRAM                            1GB RAM

     Cellular Radio                3G/LTE                              3G, 4G
                                                           Class 12 (4+1/3+2/2+3/1+4 slots),
     GPRS                            YES                              32 - 48 kbps

     EDGE                            YES                               Class 12
                      DC-HSDPA, 42 Mbps; HSDPA, 21 Mbps;
                       HSUPA, 5.76 Mbps, LTE, 100 Mbps;       HSDPA, 21 Mbps; HSUPA,
     Speed                  Rev. A, up to 3.1 Mbps                  5.76 Mbps
iPhone 5 vs Galaxy S3 (LTE)




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   100
LTE compared to desktop




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   101
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   62
Source: http://fuzzyco.com/outliers/




© 2012 Strangeloop Networks                                     Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   4
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks   Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   64
© 2012 Strangeloop Networks
  2011                        Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.
                                                                Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically.   103

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37 Lessons I've Learned on the Performance Front Lines [WebPerfDays 2012]

  • 1. 37 Lessons I’ve Learned on the Performance Front Lines Joshua Bixby
  • 2. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 4
  • 3. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 4
  • 4. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 4
  • 5. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 4
  • 6. This convergence of awareness, even urgency, on the business side and growing expertise in the tech community around web performance marks the beginning of a new industry that I’m calling “WPO” – Web Performance Optimization. Steve Souders, May 2010 © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 6
  • 7. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 7
  • 8. Way back in 2009... © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 8
  • 9. Velocity 2010 © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 9
  • 10. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 10
  • 11. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 11
  • 12. Our earliest mobile findings © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 12
  • 13. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 13
  • 14. IE9 will not make pages faster by default © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 14
  • 15. CDN doesn’t always = faster © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 15
  • 16. Using Google Analytics as a proxy © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 16
  • 17. Real-world mirrored proxy metrics © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 17
  • 18. 97% of mobile response time is at the front end © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 18
  • 19. Big players are as guilty as the rest of us © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 19
  • 20. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 20
  • 21. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 21
  • 22. 1 out 4 top sites don’t use cache headers © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 22
  • 23. 3rd party scripts © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 23
  • 24. “Mobile rage” Not our study, but still interesting © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 24
  • 25. Latency over 3G varies hugely Even when tested from the same location at the same time © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 25
  • 26. 35% of mobile visitors prefer the full site © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 26
  • 27. Mobile: Full-site visitors spend more © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 27
  • 28. Impact of delays on m-commerce metrics © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 28
  • 29. Mobile: Impact of delay on bounce rate © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 29
  • 30. Mobile: Impact of delays on return traffic © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 30
  • 31. Average page views across browsers © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 31
  • 32. Average time on site across browsers © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 32
  • 33. Average bounce rate across browsers © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 33
  • 34. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 34
  • 35. Site speed and primary success? © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 35
  • 36. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 36
  • 37. Desktop latency ranges from 65-145ms © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 37
  • 38. Mobile latency ranges from 90-190ms © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 38
  • 39. Average web page is now 1 MB © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 39
  • 40. Average web page is now 1 MB © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 40
  • 41. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 41
  • 42. Page size correlates to mobile load time © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 42
  • 43. How does browser use vary through the day? © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 43
  • 44. How does browser use vary over a week? © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 44
  • 45. Finding the “performance poverty line” © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 45
  • 46. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 46
  • 47. Steve’s rules still apply http://www.webperformancetoday.com/2012/05/29/browser- innovation-14-web-performance-rules-faster-loading-websites/ http://www.webperformancetoday.com/2012/09/13/browser- innovation-performance-rules-faster-loading-websites-2/ © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 47
  • 48. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 48
  • 49. Ecommerce State of the Union (Fall 2012) © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 49
  • 50. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 50
  • 51. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 51
  • 52. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 52
  • 53. iPad 2 versus Galaxy Tablet iPad 2 Galaxy Tablet Platform iOS 5.1 Android 4.04 Browser Safari Android Browser Processor 1 GHz Apple A5 1 GHz ARM Display 9.5 inch 10.1-inch 512 MB DDR2 (1066 Mbit/s Memory RAM) 1GB RAM Cellular Radio 3G 3G Class 12 (4+1/3+2/2+3/1+4 GPRS YES slots), 32 - 48 kbps EDGE YES Class 12 HSDPA, 14.4 Mbps; HSDPA, 21 Mbps; HSUPA, Speed HSUPA, 2 Mbps 5.76 Mbps
  • 54. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 94
  • 55. iPhone 4 versus Galaxy S iPhone 4 Galaxy S Platform iOS 4.1 Android 2.3.6 Browser Safari Android Browser Processor 1GHz Apple A4 1GHz ARM Display 3.5- inch 4-inch Memory 512 MB eDRAM 512 MB RAM Cellular Radio 3G 3G Class 10 (4+1/3+2 slots), 32 - Class 12 (4+1/3+2/2+3/1+4 GPRS 48 kbps slots), 32 - 48 kbps EDGE Class 10, 236.8 kbps Class 12 HSDPA, 7.2 Mbps; HSDPA, 7.2 Mbps; HSUPA, Speed HSUPA, 5.76 Mbps 5.76 Mbps
  • 56. iPhone 4 vs Galaxy S (3G) © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 96
  • 57. iPhone 4 vs Galaxy S (3G) © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 97
  • 58. 3G compared to desktop © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 98
  • 59. iPhone 5 versus Galaxy S3 iPhone 5 Galaxy S3 Platform iOS 6 Android 4.0.4 Browser Safari Android Browser Processor 1.3GHz Apple A6 1.4 GHz quad-core ARM Display 4-inch 4.8-inch Memory 1G eDRAM 1GB RAM Cellular Radio 3G/LTE 3G, 4G Class 12 (4+1/3+2/2+3/1+4 slots), GPRS YES 32 - 48 kbps EDGE YES Class 12 DC-HSDPA, 42 Mbps; HSDPA, 21 Mbps; HSUPA, 5.76 Mbps, LTE, 100 Mbps; HSDPA, 21 Mbps; HSUPA, Speed Rev. A, up to 3.1 Mbps 5.76 Mbps
  • 60. iPhone 5 vs Galaxy S3 (LTE) © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 100
  • 61. LTE compared to desktop © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 101
  • 62. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 62
  • 63. Source: http://fuzzyco.com/outliers/ © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 4
  • 64. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 64
  • 65. © 2012 Strangeloop Networks 2011 Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. Strangeloop. Faster Websites. Automatically. 103