varieties with photos subjected to iIndian Figs

1. VARIETIES OF FIG
M.Subash Chandra Bose
TAMILNADU

2. Fig (Ficus carica)
Moraceae
2n=36
Western asia
 Fig tree denotes peace and prosperity
 Fig is a gynodioceious species
 Rich in dietry fibre and digestive enzyme ‘Ficin’
 Type of fruit-Syconium
 Type of inflorescence-Hyphanthodium
 Cross pollination is called Caprification
 Pollinating agent-Fig wasp(Blastophaga psens)
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3. CLASSIFICATION OF FIG
BASED ON COLOUR
BASED ON POLLINATION
PATTERN AND SEX OF
FLOWER
BASED ON AREA OF
CULTIVATION
LIGHT COLOURED
Beall
Brown Turkey
Black Ischia
Conadria
Excel
Deanna
Alma
DARK COLOURED
Beall
Brown Turkey
Black Ischia
Conadria
Excel
Deanna
COMMON/EDIBLE/ADRIATIC FIG
Conordia
Brown Turkey
Mission
Poona
SMYRNA FIG
Calimyrna
Taranimt
Zidi
SANPERDO FIG
King
Gentile
Lampeiria
WILD/CAPRI/MALE/GOAT FIG
Samson,Stanford,Brawley
INDIAN CULTIVARS
Poona fig
Dinkar
Daulatabad
EXOTIC CULTIVARS
Conordia
Deanna
Excel
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4. 4
Type Popular
varieties
Flower type Mode of pollination No .of
crops
Listed
varieties
Other features
Edible
fig
Poona,Conordia,
Mission,Kadota,
Brown Turkey
Long styled
pistillate
fliowers
Fruits develop
parthenocarpically
1 470 Seeda are hollow
without inner kernels
and the embryo
Smyrna
fig
Calimyrna,Zidi,
Taranimt
Long styled
pistillate
fliowers
Female wasp from
Caprifig enters
smyrna and effect
pollination
1 116 Originated from Capri
fig .
San
Perdo
Fig
King,Gentile,
Dauphine,
Lampeiria
Long styled
pistillate
fliowers
First crop is
developed without
pollination but not the
second
2 21 Commercially not
important but some are
grown in the
mediterenean region for
drying
Wild or
capri Fig
Roeding 3,
Stanford,
Brawley
Short styled
flowers and
functionally
staminate
Self sterile syconia 1 20 A primitive type and
almost have no edible
value.
BASED ON POLLINATION PATTERN AND SEX OF FLOWER

5. POONA FIG
 Fruits are bell shaped, of medium size, weighing about 20-30 g.
 Thin skinned, Light purple with red flesh, of sweet, good flavor.
 It is most popular variety and it is commercially cultivated near by
Poona.
 It is suitable for fresh consumption and drying purpose.
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6. DINKAR
 It is improvement over Daulatabad for yield and fruit quality.
 This variety has been released by Marathawada Krishi Vidyapeeth,
Parbhani and it is gaining commercial cultivation in Maharashtra state.
 High yielding with high TSS content big fruit size 12 kg/plant
 It is medium type variety in yield.
 It produces about 200-300 fruits per tree.
DINKAR FIG
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7. TP-7
 This variety has been released by Marathawada Krishi Vidyapeeth,
Parbhani and it is gaining commercial cultivation in Maharashtra state.
 Released during 2000
 70-100 fruits /plant
 High TSS big fruit size
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8. Brown Turkey (Syn.Eastern Brown Turkey, English Brown
Turkey, Everbearing)
 It is grown on all the island of Hawaii.
 A small to medium sized light brown to violet fig with strawberry pulp.
 Mostly without neck.
 Small eye has a reddish colour from very early stage .
 Cold hardy, Often bears two crops in year.
 The main crop, beginning in mid-July, is large.
 The early crop is small. The cultivar is well adopted to warm climates.
 Moreover, this variety is used as rootstock in India. BROWN TURKEY
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9. Kadota
• A greenish white small to medium sized fig, pyriform, vigorous,
delicious fresh or dried.
• It is a rich, sweet, all purpose fig and the most common canned fig.
• Fairly hardy
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10. YCD 1 (Timla fig) 1993
• It is an introduction and released from Horticultural Research Station, Yercaud.
• The trees are well adapted to the rainfed situations of Shevroys hills
• The trees showed high drought tolerance besides its exceptionally hardy nature
and free from any pest or disease including the common fig rust.
The plants are spherical in canopy
• Fruits are in attractive reddish purple color and are large in size measuring 7.0 cm
in diameter, each weighing 100-200g.
• Higher harvests are made from each tree, the maximum being 4000 fruits/tree.
• The bearing is throughout the year excepting winter months. Fruits are a rich
source of vitamin C (500 mg/100g) besides β carotene and lycopene.
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11. Caliymryna
• Calimyrna figs have light-green to yellow skin, as opposed
to Mission fig.
• Calimyrna figs have a delicate, nut-like flavor.
• When dried, they turn golden tan
• The fruit was originally grown in Turkey and dubbed the
Smyrna fig, for the famous ancient Turkish city.
• When California growers began cultivating it, they altered the
name to Calimyrna.
11

12. Beall
 Usually cultivated in the eastern U.S.A
 A medium to large purplish black fig with amber pulp.
 Berbas are pyriform with prominent necks.
 Unusual for a dark fig since it has amber pulp.
 Main crop figs are oblate to pyriform with prominent necks.
 Main crop figs are oblate to pyriform with short, thick necks.
 Very good flavour.
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13. Deanna (1986)
• Inrtoduction from U.S.A
• Fruits are produced parthenocarpically
• Fruits are pyriform in shape and large
• Golden yellow colour and straw yellow pulp.
• TSS 18 degree Brix.
• Fruits are suitable for drying
• It is performing better under Maharashtra and Karnataka condition.
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14. Conadria (1983)
 Introduction from U.S.A
 Fruits are produced parthenocarpically
 A medium to large yellow green fig with light strawberry pulp and rich
flavour ,ovoid in shape.
 Pyriform in shape 45g/fruit light pink pulp.
 TSS 18 degree Brix,its performance has been found better under
Indian conditions
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15. Excel (1986)
 Introduced from U.S.A
 A medium sized yellow fig with amber pulp
 Fruits are produced parthenocarpically.
 Oblate to spherical in shape, seems to be very hardy and has superb
flavour.
 TSS 20 degree Brix.
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16. Panachee
 A chimera which produces green fruit with yellow stripes
and strawberry pulp.
 Pyriform with prominent neck.
 Dry flesh, but sweet. Leaves: not variagated; base
calcarate, 3-5 lobes, latate; margins crenate.
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17. Blanche
• A greenish yellow medium sized fig with violet stripes and amber
pulp.
• Released in 1975, pyriform with a long, slender neck, Fine flavor.
• Plants are vigorous but not particularly hardy.
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18. Flanders
 A greenish yellow medium sized fig with violet stripes and amber
pulp.
 Released in 1975, pyriform with a long, slender neck, Fine flavor.
 Plants are vigorous but not particularly hardy.
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19. King
 A medium sized greenish yellow fig with strawberry pulp.
 Pyriform to oblique in shape.
 It ripens between late June and August.
 A san pedro type, it sometimes sets sets main crop figs without
pollination.
 Sweet and rich in nutrients.
 Fairly hardy.
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20. Black Ischia
 A small purplish black fig with strawberry pulp, turbinate .
 Fairly sweet and rich in flavour.
 Susceptible to frost.
 It is grown in near by Lucknow, Saharanpur In U.P.
 Fruits are become black after ripening.
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21. Alma
 A small to medium sized golden brown, pear shaped fig with amber
pulp.
 Sweet in taste and delicious flavor.
 Released in 1975, well adapted in southeast.
 Highly resistant to fruit rots disease.
 Wood is very hardy.
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22. Green Ischia
 A small grass green fig with dark strawberry pulp.
 Oblate to spherical shape.
 Small, fairly well closed eye.
 Good quality but not as good as brown turkey.
 Matures late, Fairly hardy.
Jurupa
A very large green fig with pink pulp and a medium sized closed eye,
Pyriform.
Good flavour.
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23. Gulbun
 It is also known as jewel.
 A large light green to pale yellow fig with a translucent pulp tinged
with pink.
 Good flavour, Seems moderately hardy
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24. Other dark figs
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Chicago hardy Daulatabad Neveralla
Royal vineyard St.Jean Texas Blue

25. 25
Mary LaneGillette
Monstrueuse
San Pietro
Genoa Burns Wick
Otrher Light Coloured Figs

26. References
• Singh,H.P.,Parthasarathy,V.A.,Prasath,D.(2009).Horticultural
crops Varietal Welth.Stadiub Press Pvt.Ltd,New Delhi.Pg No
74
• Mishra,K.K,.(2003).Subtropical Fruit Culture.Kalyani
Publishers,New Delhi.Pg no 143
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