shelter for hot and dry climate

1. SHELTER FOR
HOT AND DRY
CLIMATE
SUCHETANA CHAKRAVARTY
114AR0025

2. Introduction
Regions having similar characteristic features of climate are
grod undupeer one climatic zone. According to a recent code of
bureau of Indian standards, the country may be divided into five
major climatic zones.
• Hot and dry (mean monthly temperature >30 and relatively
humidity <55%).
• Warm and humid (mean monthly temperature >25-30 and
relatively humidity <55-75%).
• Cold and dry (mean monthly temperature <25 and
relatively humidity- all values).
• Composite (this applies, when six months or more do not fall
within any of the other categories).

3. Nature of hot and humid climate
 Hot-dry desert and semi desert climates are characterised by very hot,dry air and
dry ground.
 hot dry weather in summer and cold in winter.
 very little rainfall.
 very low humidity.
 high temp. difference between night and day.
 hot winds & frequent dust storms
 High summer day time temperatures(32-36° C)
 In hotter regions above 40 and up to 50°C.
 High direct solar radiation
 Clear sky most of the year
 sandy or rocky ground with very low vegetation cover.

4. Building design
 Orientation and placement, to minimize sun
exposure in summer.
 Form, compact to reduce surface areas of heat
gain.
 Shade, for maximum sun protection in summer.
 Allow adequate heat gain in winter by movable
shading devices.
 Ventilation, for regulation of air movement

5. SANGATH
AN ARCHITECT’S STUDIO, AHMEDABAD
BY B.V. DOSHI

6. Architect:
B.V. Doshi
Location:
Thaltej Road,Ahmedabad
Period of Const. :
1979-1981
Project Engineer:
B.S. Jethwa, Y.Patel
Site Area:2346 m2
Total Built-up Area: 585 m2
Project Cost: 0.6 Million

7. Site plan

8. Site planning:
 Minimizing Solar Radiation on South and
West side : The structure is closely
integrated with the outdoor spaces.
Vegetation on site is almost left to grow
into wilderness. The West and South
façade is shaded by dense trees.
 Maximizing Wind Flow :
Wind from West and South-West side is
taken in by juxtapositioning structures so
as to create a central open space through
which wind can flow unobstructed

9. The Structure
 Vaulted Roof Form
The roof form creates an efficient surface volume/ratio optimizing material
quantities.
 Higher Space Volume
provides for hot air pockets due to convective currents that keep lower volumes
relatively cool.

10. Stack Effect
Ventilating window at upper volume
releases the accumulated hot air
through pressure difference.

11. Insulation
Building is largely buried under ground to use earth masses for natural insulation.
External walls of the building are nearly a meter deep but have been hollowed out as alcoves to provide
storage that becomes an insulative wall with efficiency of space.

12. Lighting
indirect lighting
oUpper Level Large Openings - Facing North.
oSkylights as projected masses from the roof.
oSmall cut-outs on roof slab filled with hollow glass blocks.

13. ConstructionTechnique
Locally made clay fuses over the concrete slab to form a non-
conductive layer.
The clay fuses entrap air. Known as sandwich vault.
3.5 cm thick RCC
8 cm ceramic fuses
3.5 cm thick RCC
6 cm thick water proofing
1 cm thick broken China mosaic finish

14.  Water is the major modifier of the microclimate.rain water and
overflow of tank water harnesshed through roof channel and
reused.water moderates the harsh ambient out side of the building.

15. Performance
 A temperature difference of about 8°C
 Time lag for heat transfer is nearly 6 hours
 30% to 50% reduction in cooling energy
 Waste material reuse
 Water Recycling
 10% saving in cost through lack of finishes.

16. Thank you