This presentation was made for class 11 & 12 students & was explained in detail during the seminar (SCIEN-CON’ 19). This approach was taken by the medical students of MIDNAPORE MEDICAL COLLEGE, WEST BENGAL, INDIA for creating awareness about the health & hygiene and self assessment, knowledge & basic management of the most prevalent disease “Dengue”. This was guided by the our beloved principal sir Dr. Panchanan Kundu & professors of other depts. The school students (300) were divided in 6 grps & each were subdivided into 5 subgroups before grand lecture & were shown & demonstrated 6 major departments under guidance of medical students. Seminar was attended by respective schools’ teachers.

1. DISEASE & DENGUE
BY SURAJ DHARA
4TH YEAR MBBS
MIDNAPORE MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL,
WEST BENGAL, INDIA

2. ANNOUNCEMENT
 This presentation was made for class 11 & 12 students & was
explained in detail during the seminar (SCIEN-CON’ 19).
 This approach was taken by the medical students of
MIDNAPORE MEDICAL COLLEGE, WEST BENGAL, INDIA
for creating awareness about the health & hygiene and self
assessment, knowledge & basic management of the most
prevalent disease “Dengue”.
 This was guided by the our beloved principal sir Dr.
Panchanan Kundu & professors of other depts.
 The school students (300) were divided in 6 grps & each
were subdivided into 5 subgroups before grand lecture &
were shown & demonstrated 6 major depts under guidance
of medical students.
 Seminar was attended by respective schools’ teachers. 2

3. HEALTH ??
 Free from disease
 It is a state of complete –
 Physical
 Mental
 Social wellbeing
 Not merely an absence of
 Disease
 Infirmity
 Ability to lead a productive life
 Socially
 Economically 3

4. GOOD HEALTH ??
 Free from sickness and disease.
 Free from unnecessary anxiety.
 Free from social & psychological tensions.
 Self – confidence.
 Feeling joy in living.
 Ability to work efficiently and up to its best.
Your life is nothing but how you are seeing it.
4

5. LIFE CYCLE OF A HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL
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 Newborn
 Infant
 Childhood
 Adolescent
 Adult
 Old age
 Death

6. DISEASE (DEVOID OF EASE)
6

7. ONSET OF DISEASE
 The normal chain of growth & development of an
individual is broken.
 Usual life-span becomes shorter ( life expectancy).
 Post disease stages of life will come earlier & affect
the functioning of the person.
 Disease is nothing but the heading of story.
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8.  Every disease has left some scar (visible or invisible)
in the body
 The later the diagnosis , more grave is the prognosis.
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A
B
C D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. AFTER TREATMENT
 Cure
 Morbidity (preval. Of disease)
 Mortality (death)
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10. ICEBERG OF DISEASE
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11. TYPES OF DISEASES
Disease
Congenital
Gene mutation
Chromosomal
mutation
Acquired
Communicable NCD
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Down S
Klienfelter S
Hemophilia
Color Blindness

12. 12
COMMUNICABLE
 Can be spread from p to p/a/o.
 Sudden onset.
 Mostly single cause.
 Short natural history (course).
 Short treatment schedule.
 Cure is achieved mostly.
 Short follow up .
 Examples
 COMMON COLD
 VIRAL CONJUCTIVITIS
 HEPATITIS B
 HIV / AIDS
 TB
 MALARIA
 DENGUE
NON-COMMUNICABLE
 Can’t be spread from p to p.
 Gradual onset.
 Multifactorial.
 Long natural history.
 Prolonged treatment schedule.
 Care predominates.
 Prolonged follow up.
 Examples
 HTN
 DM
 ASTHMA
 ARTHRITIS
 HEART DISEASES

13. BASIC IDEAS
 Pathogen (agent) : disease causative organism.
 Vector : an organism that does not cause disease
itself but spreads infection by conveying pathogens
from one host to another.
 Host : harbours the agent & affected due to this.
Plasmodium Anopheles mosquito Malaria in man
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14. VECTOR BORNE DISEASES
 Mosquito borne
 Flies borne
 Lice borne
 Fleas borne
 Tick borne
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15. MOSQUITO BORNE DISEASES
 Dengue
 Malaria
 Chikungunya
 Yellow fever
 Filariasis.
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16. DENGUE !!!
 Agent : dengue virus.
 DENV – 1,2,3,4 Serotypes
 Vector : Aedes aegypti & Aedes albopictus (tiger
mosquito)
 Host :
 Primary : human
 Secondary : non human primates.
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17. 17
Bites more than one
host to complete one
blood meal & gonotropic
cycle.
Complete blood meal in
one host & 2nd feed is
not required to complete
gonotropic cycle.

18. 18

19. TRANSMISSION
 By vector ……
 They bite primarily during the day time.
 Female mosquito takes blood meal from infected
person & carry the dengue virus within its gut.
 About 8 – 10 days later, virus spreads to the other
tissues like salivary glands of the mosquito.
 Released in saliva.
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20. NOW IT WILL BITE U
 Now this mosquito carrying dengue virus bites another
person.
 Virus + mosquito’s saliva enters through skin.
 Virus binds to the WBCs in blood & reproduces inside
it (in primary host).
 In severe infection, the virus production inside the
body is greatly increased & involves more organs
(liver, bone marrow).
 Fluid from blood stream leaks through the wall of
small blood vessels into body cavity…low BP….less
blood supply.
 Dysfunction of b/m …dec. platelet count…bleeding…
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21. 21

22. FATE
 Asymptomatic / mild symptoms – uncomplicated fever
(80%)
 More severe illness (5%)
 It becomes life threatening also.
 Incubation period : 3 – 14 days. (4 – 7 d)
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Incubation period

23. HOW U WILL FEEL
 Sudden onset of fever.
 Retro orbital pain.
 Muscle & joint pain (break
bone fever).
 Skin rash.
 Dengue hemorrhagic fever.
 Bleeding (+ tourniquet test)
 Platelet count < 1 lakh/mm3
 Plasma leakage..... Low BP...
 Dengue shock syndrome.
 Tachycardia
 Cool extremities
 Feeble pulse
 Lethargy or restlessness.
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24. WARNING SIGNS
 Abdominal pain
 Ongoing vomiting
 Hepatomegaly
 Mucosal bleeding
 High hematocrit & low platelets
 Lethargy
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25. COURSE OF INFECTION
 Febrile phase
 Critical phase
 Recovery phase
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26. FEBRILE
 High fever, often over 40⁰ C.
 Generalized pain.
 Headache (lasts 2 to 7 days)
 Rash (1st to 2nd day)
 Tourniquet test > 10 spots.
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27. CRITICAL
 Follows the resolution of the high fever and lasts for
1 to 2 days.
 Fluid accumulation in chest & abdominal cavity.
 Dec. blood supply to vital organs…. Organ dysfunction
 Severe bleeding (GIT mainly)
 Oliguria
 DHF & DSS < 5% cases
 Inc. risk of secondary infection by other serotypes.
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28. RECOVERY
 Resorption of the leaked plasma fluid back into the
blood stream…(fluid overload … reduced
consciousness)
 Lasts for 2 to 3 days.
 Severe itching & slow HR.
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29. MANAGEMENT
 ORS , fruit juice
 Paracetamol
 IV fluids
 Hospitalization
 Blood transfusion ( platelet )
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30. 30

31. PREVENTION
vaccination
Mosquito
control
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32. MOSQUITO CONTROL
 Protect youself from the bite of mosquitos.
 Reduce collection of stagnant water.
 Wearing clothing that fully covers
the skin (long sleeved shirts..)
 Mosquito nets during resting
 Apply mosquito repellent.
 As they bite during day time …special precautions
should be taken during early morning hours & late
afternoon.
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33.  Dengue patients are to be kept under mosquito nets.
 Eliminate habitats of aedes.
 Removing unused plastics, old tires, buckets
 Cleaning clogged gutters.
 Insectisides
 Biological agents
 Advise people showing symptoms of dengue
immediately go for check-ups, and get treatment.
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34. 34

35. VACCINATION
 Developed by Sanofi Pasteur, in Dec, 2015.
 CYD-TDF (brand name Dengvaxia)
 Tetravalent
 Between 9 to 45 yrs of age (3 inj : 0,6,12 month).
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36. 36
If they breed,
You will bleed.

37. 37

38. NOW YOUR TIME !!!
1. Identify the mosquito seen
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39. 2. Dengue is a disease caused by
A. Aedes aegypti
B. DENV
C. Plasmodium falciparum
D. Culex quinquefasciatus
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40. 3. Most commonly dengue is
A. Having fever
B. Pain behind the eye
C. Asymptomatic
D. Break bone fever
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41. 4. Health is
A. Economically productive life
B. Physical, social & mental well-being.
C. Absence of deformity.
D. All the above
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42. 5. Part below the water level
indicates
A. Fever
B. Chest pain
C. Headache
D. None of the above
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