This document is a term paper submitted by Swami Mrityunjay for his course MEC-208 at Lovely Professional University. The paper acknowledges the support and guidance of his guide Mr. Anuj and the LPU staff. The paper discusses plastics and their importance in engineering products. It provides examples of engineering plastics such as ABS, polycarbonate, and nylons. It explains how plastics are important in manufacturing due to properties like durability, light weight and low cost. Plastics have various applications in industries like automotive, food packaging and construction. The paper also mentions challenges of plastic waste and efforts towards recycling.

1. LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
TERM PAPER OF MEC-208
NAME: SWAMI MRITYUNJAY
ROLL NO.: B34
REGD NO.: 11005363
SECTION: M2R13
TOPIC: Write a report on Plastics importance in engg products

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE MY GUIDE MR ANUJ SIR FOR HIS GENEROUS SUPPORT,AND
FOR GIVE ME AN OPPORTUNITY TO IMPROVE MY KNOWLEDGE BY THIS TERM PAPER.THIS
PROJECT BEARS AN IMPART OF MANY PEOPLE.
I ACKNOWLEDGE THE MAGNANIMOUS SUPPORT AND GUIDANCE OF THESE RESOURCES IN
CARRYING OUT THIS PROJECT WORK,I ALSO WISH TO EXPRESS MY HEARTFUL GRATITUDE
TO ALL L.P.U. STAFF WHO ENCOURAGE ME AND HAVE RENDERED THEIR ASSISTACE.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1) INTRODUCTION
2) WHAT IS ENGG PLASTIC
3) EXAMPLES OF ENGG PLASTICS
4) PLASTIC IMPORTANCE IN ENGG PRODUCTC
5) REFERENCES

3. 1)Introduction:-
Engineering thermoplastics are sold in much lower quantities and are thus more expensive
per unit weight. Despite this, they are widely used in everyday products. For example ABS is
used to manufacture car bumpers, dashboard trim and lego bricks, polycarbonate is used in
motorcycle helmets and polyamides (nylons) are used for skis and ski boots.
Typically, an engineering plastic is chosen for its range of enhanced physical properties e.g.
polycarbonate is highly impact resistant and polyamides are highly resistant to abrasion. In
these types of applications, designers are looking for plastics that can replace traditional
engineering materials such as wood or metal. The advantage gained is the inherent
‘formability’ (ease of manufacture) of plastics as opposed to metal-working or fabrication.
Other properties exhibited by various grades of engineering plastics include high heat
resistance, mechanical strength, rigidity, chemical stability and flame retardency.
2) WHAT IS ENGG PLASTIC:-
Engineering Plastics:
Engineering plastics provide performance superior to ordinary plastics under a wide range
of conditions. By improving existing technologies and developing new, advanced materials,
Idemitsu's petrochemical R&D division has further pushed the boundaries of engineering
plastics to produce a new lineup of enhanced, high-end products. Behind our development
are three types of high-performing resins: polycarbonate (PC), a resin with excellent
toughness and transparency, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), for extraordinary dimensional
stability; and syndiotactic polystyrene (SPS), a new, highly-functional material well-suited for
a wide range of applications.
Idemitsu's R&D network combines core technologies with our years of practical experience
and knowledge, allowing us to develop new products and materials, and write important
patents protecting our innovative ideas. In this way, we secure the future growth of our
business, enabling Idemitsu to meet the demands of emerging fields based on new
technologies and highly valuable products.
TARFLON Polycarbonate:
TARFLON Polycarbonate is an amorphous engineering plastic produced in our unique,
integrated petrochemical complex in Chiba, Japan. It offers superior impact strength,
transparency, heat resistance and dimensional stability. Produced from phenol and
bisphenol A, the halogen-free fire retardant grade of TARFLON is of particular importance
because of its low environmental impact with all of its extraordinary qualities.
XAREC Syndiotactic Polystyrene:

4. After years of extensive research and development, XAREC is the first syndiotactic
polystyrene (SPS) produced by Idemitsu. XAREC boasts remarkable heat and chemical
resistance, as well as superior dimensional stability, making it the preferred SPS in many
fields. As a result, XAREC has been endorsed by the automobile industry for use in critical
electrical parts and components. XAREC is often applied to lead-free reflow soldering to
comply with current environmental regulations such as RoHS.
Polyphenylene Sulfide:
Our original compounding technology has made Idemitsu's Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) the
choice for superior mechanical strength and high heat resistance. This remarkable material
is widely used for optical pickups, semiconductor packages, fiber-optic communications and
other cutting edge fields.
Engineering Plastics from Idemitsu:
TARFLON Natural Grade
TARFLON Glass-fiber Reinforced Grade
TARFLON Halogen-free Flame Retardant Grade
TARFLON Special Grade
XAREC Natural Grade
XAREC Glass-fiber Reinforced Grade
XAREC Glass-fiber Reinforced Alloy Grade
XAREC SPS / PS Alloy Grade
Idemitsu PPS Glass-fiber Reinforced Grade
Idemitsu PPS High Precision Grade
Idemitsu PPS Special Grade
3) Examples of engineering plastics:
 Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
 Polycarbonates (PC)
 Polyamides (PA)
 Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)
 Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
 Polyphenylene oxide (PPO)
 Polysulphone (PSU)
 Polyetherketone (PEK)
 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)
 Polyimides
 Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)

5.  Polyoxymethylene plastic (POM)
Commodity plastic:
The more commonly used thermoplastic materials are known as commodity plastics as they
are traded and used in great quantities. Examples are polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl
chloride (PVC),polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE).
Typical applications for commodity plastics are high production volume products such as
‘polythene’ bags (made from polyethylene), vacuum-formed food packaging (low density
polyethylene), disposable drinking cups (high-impact polystyrene) and window frames/wire
insulation (PVC).
4) Plastics importance in engg products:
Egg products are processed in sanitary facilities under continuous inspection by the USDA.
Shell eggs are processed into egg products by automated equipment that removes the shell
eggs from flats, washes and sanitizes the shells, breaks the eggs and separates the whites
and yolks. The liquid egg product is filtered, may be mixed with other ingredients, and is
then chilled prior to additional processing. The resulting egg products liquid then receives a
lethality treatment such as pasteurization or is heated in the dried form.
The plastics are very important to make the egg products like pasta,noodles and many
more.
Plastics are "one of the greatest innovations of the millennium" (on the cover of Newsweek)
and have certainly proved their reputation to be true; it has been the most used material in
the United States since 1976. There are a myriad ways that plastic is and will be used in the
years to come. The fact that plastic is lightweight, does not rust or rot, helps lower
transportation costs and conserves natural resources is the reason for which plastic has
gained this much popularity. Plastics are everywhere and have innumerable uses! Plastics
are durable, lightweight, and reusable. Also, the are used in packaging many goods. Did you
know that researches are trying to make a cover of eggs (made of plastic) that will roll up in
all over the world? In the following paragraphs, I will discuss some of the countless number
of ways that plastics change your life.
Manufacturers are dependent on plastic to save them money on packaging, as they use one-
third of the total United States production. They choose strong and lightweight plastics to
deliver the same amount of product with less packaging than other materials,such as egg
products,bottles and many more. The building and construction industry uses vinyl siding
for homes because of its appearance, durability, ease of installation and energy efficiency
and they are the second largest consumers of plastics. The automotive industry chooses

6. plastic for their durability, corrosion resistance, ease of coloring and finishing, resiliency,
energy efficiency and lightweight. The auto, appliance, and construction industries also uses
plastic, for plastic reduces energy consumption. Plastics certainly are a great gift for these
industries, and certainly cuts a chunk out of their production costs.
Although plastic has many positive influences in everyday lives, there have been instances
when plastics have posed some health and environmental hazards. Most plastics do not
pose any health or environmental hazards, but some monomers that are used in
manufacturing plastics, have been proved to cause cancer. Also, benzene, a raw material
used in the production of nylon, is a carcinogen (something that causes cancer). Even
though recycling continues to reuse plastics, most plastics do not rot and can not be reused.
Unfortunately, this will soon become an environmental problem: Where will the plastic be
disposed? But, many researchers hope to find a solution to this dilemma in the future.
When every plastic can be broken down, plastic will truly become the most useful product!
Plastic used in engg cartoons:
The plastic egg cartons are made from up to 50% recycled PETE (#1) plastic. The
manufacturer recycles all waste back into the product in a closed loop system and
consumers can easily recycle the cartons.
It is always best to check with your county's recycling department to see if they are able to
recycle the containers. To locate facilities that offer #1 plastic recycling, This site will direct
you to recycling centers for all types of packaging in your region. Simply enter your zip code
and the type of material you want to recycle.
The plastic used for Organic Valley Stringles consists of layered plastic, and is therefore
considered a #7 for recycling purposes. The plastic packaging does not contain pthalates,
BPA (BisphenolA), or PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
The processing of egg products includes breaking eggs, filtering, mixing, stabilizing, blending,
pasteurizing, cooling, freezing or drying, and packaging.
Plastics are used in various activities in egg products, such as filtering, pasteurizing,
blending, cooling, freezing or drying. Frozen Egg Products- up to1-year shelf-life Whole eggs,
whites or yolks Scrambled egg mix Salted whole egg or yolks Sugared egg yolks Whole eggs
and yolks with corn syrup Whole eggs with citric acid Whole eggs with corn syrup.
Frozen Egg Products Whole Eggs or Yolks To freeze whole eggs or yolks crack them into a
bowl and gently stir to break up the yolk somewhat. Try not to incorporate air into the eggs.
To inhibit the yolks from getting lumpy during storage, stir in a 1/2-teaspoon salt per 1-cup
of egg or yolks. Whites No salt or sugar is needed. Simply pour into trays and freeze until
firm. Use up extra egg whites in boiled frostings (i.e., 7-minute frosting), meringue cookies,
angel food cake, white cakes.there is a lot of contributions of plastic in human lives, it
provides many equipments that are used in hospitals, and also as an alternative cheaper
source of raw materials. it is very important because plastics are part of our daily lives.

7. Perhaps the greatest technological advancements in human society have evolved through
the medical professions. Over the years technology has prolonged the average life span of
an adult human by offering preventative vaccines, diagnostic tools, and comprehensive
treatments. But smaller advancements — such as the materials and tools used by medical
professionals on a daily basis — are often overlooked. Plastic is a prime example of a
technology that fails to receive the credit it is due for changing the way medicine is
practiced and creating a better experience for all involved.
Plastics, however, can be molded to any shape or size. They are easily sterilized and more
flexible than metal, allowing for greater maneuverability and precision. The cost of
producing a plastic tool is much less than a stainless steel model, allowing a hospital or
doctor’s office to adjust their budget for other technologies such as digital imaging
software.
But the use of plastics in the medical field is not confined solely to medical tools. An
increasing amount of hospital devices are now being manufactured from plastic, enabling
maximum cleanliness and efficiency. Additionally, plastics are the leading component in
most replacement limbs, providing advancements in prosthetics that could never be
accomplished with aluminum or other materials.
5) References:
1. Plastics Product Design and Process Engineering, Harold Belofsky, Hanser/Gardner, (1995)
2. Moldflow Design Guide by Jay Shoemaker (Ed.)
3. Plastics Part Design for Injection Molding by R.A. Malloy, Hanser/Gardner
4. Mechanical Properties of Polymer and Composites, L.E. Nielsen and R.F.Landel, Mercel Dekker,
Inc.1994
5. Design and Manufacture of Plastic Parts, R.L.E. Brown, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980
6. Principles of Polymer Engineering, by N.C. McCrum, C.P. Buckley and C.B. Bucknall.