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Globalisering av en
svensk miljöinnovation


          Christer Öjdemark
          13:e oktober 2011
Globalisation of …..

             The Envac internalisation process




                                                 2
….. a Swedish clean-tech invention:


Envac invented the automated waste collection system in 1961




                                                          3
Traditional Waste Handling
”State-of-the-art collection in Paris 1950”
Traditional Waste Handling



                             Still the same
                             principle
Traditional Waste Handling
We eliminate the waste trucks and the waste bins!




We see our system as a utility and a part of urban infrastructure
Global leader in automated waste collection
 Global market share >75% during last 50 years

>700 installations in 30 countries and 35 offices in 20 countries…




                                                              8
Some milestones
 • 1961: Envac built first system in the world
         50 years 11th October 2011

 • 1971: Disney World Orlando


 • 1975: Roosevelt Island New York


 • 1992: Olympic Village Barcelona


 • 1996: Yongin Suji, Seoul


 • 1998: Word EXPO Lisbon


 • 1999: Hong Kong HA standardize in ARCS
                                                 9
Some milestones
 • 2000: Hammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm

 • 2003: 101 Financial Tower, Taipei

 • 2005 Jumeriah Beach Residence, Dubai

 • 2006 Jin-sha-zhou, Guangzhou, China

 • 2007 Hac Sa Wan, Macau

 • 2008 Wembley New City, London

 • 2009 Kimpo New Town, Korea

 • 2010 KAFD Riyadh Saudi Arabia
                                          10
Key business drivers


• Increasing urbanization
    – > 50% live in cities and increasing ≈1% per year
    – 60 millions moving in to urban areas every year
    – 15 millions only in China (≈ 60.000 in Sweden)


• Increasing waste volumes
    – in developed countries: 1-2% per year
    – in developing countries: 5-10 % per year


• Increasing demand for source separation.
    – EU packaging directive 1995
    – EU landfill directive 1999
    – Recycling of paper and plastics now a global trend
Key business drivers


• Increasing demand for sustainable solutions
    – need for low energy solutions with lower CO2 – emissions.
    – reduce traffic in inner cities – lower emissions – no night collections
    – better hygiene – littering – noise – smell – animals (rats, ect)



• Demand for improved working conditions
    – new work laws and regulations, especially in Nordic countries



• “Climate change” debate
    – waste is on the political agenda.
    – 3-5% of global CO2 –emission, from waste management activities
    – could instead become a net reducer by applying modern technologies
You have to be unique to get success!
Our unique selling points

A sustainable solution
Environmentally, socially and economically
• Reduced emissions and traffic
• Supports separation at source
• Silent, clean and hygienic technology
• Improved living standard

 A rational solution
• Fully automated system
• 100% availability for waste disposal
• Lower Life Cycle Cost
• Releases valuable space
How to develope a global business?
         Traditional internationalisation
How to develope a global clean-tech business?
  Characteristics:                        Challenges:
• Swedish environmental companies are • Limited personal & financial resources
  SME’s.                                and export experience
• New markets are not the traditional    • Higher risk taking to go to China, Brazil,
  Industrial markets.                      India ect.
• Customers are often local governments. • Corruption, networking capacity
• Large content of services, systems,    • The traditional sales channels with
  knowhow ect.                             agents, distributors are not optimal.
The Envac Internationalisation process


Market channels:
• Direct sales: Export ad-hoc sales from 1971 to 2003 to many markets in
  Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Asia.
• Started Sales company in Germany in the 80:ies.
• Licensing technology to several Japanese companies in the 80:ies,
  Mitsubishi, Hitachi, NKK.
• Agents / distributors: In several markets in the 70-90:ies without any
  success.
• J/V with local partners in Holland 2000: Bad experience .
• Acquisitions & Mergers: No candidates available


• Strategy since 2003; Fully owned sales companies.
Envac Group

                                                    Envac AB



Region Southeast Asia                               Region Middle East                            Region South Europe
                             Region South Korea                          Region North Europe
      and China                                          and India                                   and Americas

  Envac Far East, Hongkong    Envac Korea Co. Ltd   Envac Dubai           Envac Scandinavia,       Envac Iberia, Spain
                                                                          Sweden
  Envac Macau                                       Envac Qatar                                    Envac France
                                                                          Envac Optibag, Sweden
  Envac Environmental                               Envac Abu-Dhabi
                                                                          Envac Denmark            Envac Italy
  Technology, Shanghai
                                                    Envac India
  Envac Environmental                                                                              Envac Portugal
                                                                         Envac Norway
  Technology, Beijing
                                                                                                   Envac Brazil
  Envac Environmental                                                    Envac U.K.
  Technology, Tianjin                                                                              Envac Canada
  Guangzhou Envac                                                        Envac Finland
  Environmental Technology, Guangzhou – 65%
                                                                         Centralned b.v.,
  Envac Singapore                                                        Holland (33%)

  Envac Malaysia
Select and develop new geographical
markets


Success factors
• Market condition fits the product.
• High level of new construction
   of residential buildings.
• Projects are financially justified.
• Strong local presence.
Key success factors to develop a new market.

 Starting Points                                                                                      Next Step
  Customer                                                                                            Build a
                                                                           Project
   interest                                            Market volume                                    strong local
                        Product fit the market                             financial
  Market on                                           potential                                        organisation
                                                                           justification
   priority list
  Pilot project


        Description   • How does our                • Construction       • Determine the
                        product fit the               market for           cost benefits for
                        specific                      residential          the customers
                        conditions on                 buildings?             – Pay-back time
                        the market?                                          – Alternative cost
                                                    • Collection
                          –   Fractions                                      – Increase of value of
                                                      market?                  buildings
                          –   Customers
                                                                             – Value for free space
                          –   Competitors           • Market for
                          – Legal aspects
                                                                         • Financing of
                                                      special
                          –   Structure of                                 projects?
                                                      applications?
                              collecting market
                          –   Political attitudes   • Economical
                              (top-down
                              approach)               situation in the
                          –   References              market?
Key success factors to develop a new market.




                            High volume of             Project financial   Build a strong local
   Product fit the market
                            residential construction   justification         organisation
Systems business characteristics
                                                                     The offering



• A business with
    –   high growth potential
    –   high profit margin potential
    –   moderate entrance and exit barriers
    –   often scattered and weak competition

                                               Technical Review                                 Commercial Review
                                                                              Partners
                                                                  Calculus
                                                                                             Implementation
                                                 Technical
                                                 solution
                                                                                                               Contract/
                                                                                                               Customer

• A very complex and high risk business,                                                                       100% uncertainty



  (if not properly controlled and managed)                                                    0% uncertainty

                                                                                             0% uncertainty



                                                                                                 100% uncertainty
                                                                      Competitive position




                                                                                                                              22
Tacit knowledge/technology

Knowlege            Structured                         Tacit
           Components, pipes,
Visible    exhausters, PLC, compressors
           ………….                                        x
           DMS, Envac Academy, EAP2.0,    Experience in: design,
           Fan calc, Erosion calc, LDT,   software, installations, after-
Hidden     Design Centre …….              sales service, applications,
                                          materials, source
                                          separation, vacuum
                                          technology, International
                                          differences.......




                                                                      23
Tacit knowledge/technology

• During the introduction phase (years 1-5) on a new market
  we are trying to reduce the complexity of the technology,
  and we do not talk about this knowledge.
• When local companies are starting to compete with us,
  they have no understanding of the tacit knowledge and
  thereby underestimate the complexity and difficulties.
• Most of them fail in the first installations and thereby create
  bad image for our technology.
The SymbioCity Concept
A Swedish Partnership Initiative between the Swedish Government and
Swedish companies:


The Swedish experience      Integrated planning     Scalable solutions




                                                                         25
The model for SymbioCity is Hammarby Sjöstad
The Envac concept:
  • Source separation of waste
   • Waste-to-Energy - District Heating
   • Organic - Biogas
   • Dry recyclables - Recycling
                                             The Hammarby model
  • Reduced heavy traffic
   •   Reduced CO2 footprint
   • Reduced noise level
   • Improved air quality

  • Increased building density
   • Less space needed for waste handling
   • More green areas and pedestrian zones

  • Improved quality of life
  • Improved working conditions
                                                                  26
To develope a global system business?

What can the authorities do to support us?
• Reference installations.
    – ex. Hammarby Sjöstad, Bo01, Norra Djurgårdsstaden
• Networking support from politicians (national & local) to open doors.
    – ex. SymbioCity, CENTEC in China

• Project financing.
    –   ex. SEIF (Swedish Export Infrastructure Fund)
• Less fragmentation of official support.
    – ex. Exportrådet – Invest Sweden

• Use Sida funds to invest/buy reference projects in developing countries
  from Swedish companies.
Conclusions: Key success factors for Envac

    The offering
        Turnkey solution and full service
    Process
        Manage risk:
          - standardization
          - structure tacit knowledge
          - internal networking and knowledge sharing

    Distribution
        Own sales / production companies:
          - local employees
          - full ownership/management control

    Manufacturing
        No production
2004 – 2011 - 2015
                                                 Envac Group
   7000



   6000



   5000



   4000
                                                                                               ORDERS
MSEK                                                                                           RECEIVED
                                                                                               REVENUES
   3000
                                                                                               Order Backlog


   2000                                                                                        Earnings




   1000



       0
           2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   2009   2010   2011   2012   2013   2014   2015



                                                                                                               29
The China
                       challenge



GDP development


             China




                     OECD
Envac structure in China




  Envac Hong Kong (Regional office for Southeast Asia&China)   1998

  Envac Shanghai Environmental Technology Co. Ltd              2004

  Envac Beijing Environmental Technology Co. Ltd               2005

  Guangzhou Envac Environment Technology Co. Ltd               2005
   - J/V (Envac 65% / Guangri 35%)

  Envac Macau Ltd                                              2006

  Envac Tianjin Environmental Technology Co. Ltd               2009
Why are Envac in China?


1. The worlds largest potential market.
   –   Construction of apartments in China is 6-8 millions per year (50% of global
       production of apartments - Sweden produces 10-20.000 per year)
   –   China is eager to adopt new technologies.
   –   Environmental protection is a focus area for the government in the new 5-year plan.
   –   Swedish environmental technology has a very high reputation and image in China.


2. Purchase components at low cost.
   –   A prerequisite to be competitive in China market.
   –   Lower our production costs to increase our global competitiveness.
Experiences from China



• Contacts on high level is incredibly important. Difficult to achieve, takes
  long time and decision makers are constantly changing. CENTEC + JUNO
• Important to have local Chinese personal and an environment to keep key
  people in the company.
• Project execution is much faster then in Europe.
• Quality mind set is often low and decision making is often short term based.
• Corruption exists and is difficult to handle, with Swedish ”code of conduct”
• Necessary to adopt products to local conditions and cost levels. To sell
  European standard is not possible, when you get local competition.
The owner



  The Stena Sphere 2010
  Six business areas
  Total turnover:           US$ 7.800 million
  EBT:                      US$ 530 million
  No of employees:          19 000
  (Investments in several listed companies)
The business areas within the Stena Sphere
     Ferry operations            Offshore drilling




     Turnover SEK 10,3 billion   Turnover SEK 6,1 billion
     No of employees 5 800       No of employees 968




     Property                     Shipping




                                  Turnover SEK 4,7 billion
      Turnover SEK 2,1 billion
                                  No of employees 7937
      No of employees 262




     Stena Metall
                                   New Business



     Turnover SEK 28,6 billion
                                   Turnover SEK 3,7 billion
     No of employees 2 800
                                   No of employees 1791




5. The Stena Sphere

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Christer Öjdemark

  • 1. Globalisering av en svensk miljöinnovation Christer Öjdemark 13:e oktober 2011
  • 2. Globalisation of ….. The Envac internalisation process 2
  • 3. ….. a Swedish clean-tech invention: Envac invented the automated waste collection system in 1961 3
  • 5. Traditional Waste Handling Still the same principle
  • 7. We eliminate the waste trucks and the waste bins! We see our system as a utility and a part of urban infrastructure
  • 8. Global leader in automated waste collection Global market share >75% during last 50 years >700 installations in 30 countries and 35 offices in 20 countries… 8
  • 9. Some milestones • 1961: Envac built first system in the world 50 years 11th October 2011 • 1971: Disney World Orlando • 1975: Roosevelt Island New York • 1992: Olympic Village Barcelona • 1996: Yongin Suji, Seoul • 1998: Word EXPO Lisbon • 1999: Hong Kong HA standardize in ARCS 9
  • 10. Some milestones • 2000: Hammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm • 2003: 101 Financial Tower, Taipei • 2005 Jumeriah Beach Residence, Dubai • 2006 Jin-sha-zhou, Guangzhou, China • 2007 Hac Sa Wan, Macau • 2008 Wembley New City, London • 2009 Kimpo New Town, Korea • 2010 KAFD Riyadh Saudi Arabia 10
  • 11. Key business drivers • Increasing urbanization – > 50% live in cities and increasing ≈1% per year – 60 millions moving in to urban areas every year – 15 millions only in China (≈ 60.000 in Sweden) • Increasing waste volumes – in developed countries: 1-2% per year – in developing countries: 5-10 % per year • Increasing demand for source separation. – EU packaging directive 1995 – EU landfill directive 1999 – Recycling of paper and plastics now a global trend
  • 12. Key business drivers • Increasing demand for sustainable solutions – need for low energy solutions with lower CO2 – emissions. – reduce traffic in inner cities – lower emissions – no night collections – better hygiene – littering – noise – smell – animals (rats, ect) • Demand for improved working conditions – new work laws and regulations, especially in Nordic countries • “Climate change” debate – waste is on the political agenda. – 3-5% of global CO2 –emission, from waste management activities – could instead become a net reducer by applying modern technologies
  • 13. You have to be unique to get success! Our unique selling points A sustainable solution Environmentally, socially and economically • Reduced emissions and traffic • Supports separation at source • Silent, clean and hygienic technology • Improved living standard A rational solution • Fully automated system • 100% availability for waste disposal • Lower Life Cycle Cost • Releases valuable space
  • 14. How to develope a global business? Traditional internationalisation
  • 15. How to develope a global clean-tech business? Characteristics: Challenges: • Swedish environmental companies are • Limited personal & financial resources SME’s. and export experience • New markets are not the traditional • Higher risk taking to go to China, Brazil, Industrial markets. India ect. • Customers are often local governments. • Corruption, networking capacity • Large content of services, systems, • The traditional sales channels with knowhow ect. agents, distributors are not optimal.
  • 16. The Envac Internationalisation process Market channels: • Direct sales: Export ad-hoc sales from 1971 to 2003 to many markets in Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Asia. • Started Sales company in Germany in the 80:ies. • Licensing technology to several Japanese companies in the 80:ies, Mitsubishi, Hitachi, NKK. • Agents / distributors: In several markets in the 70-90:ies without any success. • J/V with local partners in Holland 2000: Bad experience . • Acquisitions & Mergers: No candidates available • Strategy since 2003; Fully owned sales companies.
  • 17. Envac Group Envac AB Region Southeast Asia Region Middle East Region South Europe Region South Korea Region North Europe and China and India and Americas Envac Far East, Hongkong Envac Korea Co. Ltd Envac Dubai Envac Scandinavia, Envac Iberia, Spain Sweden Envac Macau Envac Qatar Envac France Envac Optibag, Sweden Envac Environmental Envac Abu-Dhabi Envac Denmark Envac Italy Technology, Shanghai Envac India Envac Environmental Envac Portugal Envac Norway Technology, Beijing Envac Brazil Envac Environmental Envac U.K. Technology, Tianjin Envac Canada Guangzhou Envac Envac Finland Environmental Technology, Guangzhou – 65% Centralned b.v., Envac Singapore Holland (33%) Envac Malaysia
  • 18. Select and develop new geographical markets Success factors • Market condition fits the product. • High level of new construction of residential buildings. • Projects are financially justified. • Strong local presence.
  • 19. Key success factors to develop a new market. Starting Points Next Step  Customer  Build a Project interest Market volume strong local Product fit the market financial  Market on potential organisation justification priority list  Pilot project Description • How does our • Construction • Determine the product fit the market for cost benefits for specific residential the customers conditions on buildings? – Pay-back time the market? – Alternative cost • Collection – Fractions – Increase of value of market? buildings – Customers – Value for free space – Competitors • Market for – Legal aspects • Financing of special – Structure of projects? applications? collecting market – Political attitudes • Economical (top-down approach) situation in the – References market?
  • 20. Key success factors to develop a new market. High volume of Project financial Build a strong local Product fit the market residential construction justification organisation
  • 21. Systems business characteristics The offering • A business with – high growth potential – high profit margin potential – moderate entrance and exit barriers – often scattered and weak competition Technical Review Commercial Review Partners Calculus Implementation Technical solution Contract/ Customer • A very complex and high risk business, 100% uncertainty (if not properly controlled and managed) 0% uncertainty 0% uncertainty 100% uncertainty Competitive position 22
  • 22. Tacit knowledge/technology Knowlege Structured Tacit Components, pipes, Visible exhausters, PLC, compressors …………. x DMS, Envac Academy, EAP2.0, Experience in: design, Fan calc, Erosion calc, LDT, software, installations, after- Hidden Design Centre ……. sales service, applications, materials, source separation, vacuum technology, International differences....... 23
  • 23. Tacit knowledge/technology • During the introduction phase (years 1-5) on a new market we are trying to reduce the complexity of the technology, and we do not talk about this knowledge. • When local companies are starting to compete with us, they have no understanding of the tacit knowledge and thereby underestimate the complexity and difficulties. • Most of them fail in the first installations and thereby create bad image for our technology.
  • 24. The SymbioCity Concept A Swedish Partnership Initiative between the Swedish Government and Swedish companies: The Swedish experience Integrated planning Scalable solutions 25
  • 25. The model for SymbioCity is Hammarby Sjöstad The Envac concept: • Source separation of waste • Waste-to-Energy - District Heating • Organic - Biogas • Dry recyclables - Recycling The Hammarby model • Reduced heavy traffic • Reduced CO2 footprint • Reduced noise level • Improved air quality • Increased building density • Less space needed for waste handling • More green areas and pedestrian zones • Improved quality of life • Improved working conditions 26
  • 26. To develope a global system business? What can the authorities do to support us? • Reference installations. – ex. Hammarby Sjöstad, Bo01, Norra Djurgårdsstaden • Networking support from politicians (national & local) to open doors. – ex. SymbioCity, CENTEC in China • Project financing. – ex. SEIF (Swedish Export Infrastructure Fund) • Less fragmentation of official support. – ex. Exportrådet – Invest Sweden • Use Sida funds to invest/buy reference projects in developing countries from Swedish companies.
  • 27. Conclusions: Key success factors for Envac The offering  Turnkey solution and full service Process  Manage risk: - standardization - structure tacit knowledge - internal networking and knowledge sharing Distribution  Own sales / production companies: - local employees - full ownership/management control Manufacturing  No production
  • 28. 2004 – 2011 - 2015 Envac Group 7000 6000 5000 4000 ORDERS MSEK RECEIVED REVENUES 3000 Order Backlog 2000 Earnings 1000 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 29
  • 29.
  • 30. The China challenge GDP development China OECD
  • 31. Envac structure in China Envac Hong Kong (Regional office for Southeast Asia&China) 1998 Envac Shanghai Environmental Technology Co. Ltd 2004 Envac Beijing Environmental Technology Co. Ltd 2005 Guangzhou Envac Environment Technology Co. Ltd 2005 - J/V (Envac 65% / Guangri 35%) Envac Macau Ltd 2006 Envac Tianjin Environmental Technology Co. Ltd 2009
  • 32. Why are Envac in China? 1. The worlds largest potential market. – Construction of apartments in China is 6-8 millions per year (50% of global production of apartments - Sweden produces 10-20.000 per year) – China is eager to adopt new technologies. – Environmental protection is a focus area for the government in the new 5-year plan. – Swedish environmental technology has a very high reputation and image in China. 2. Purchase components at low cost. – A prerequisite to be competitive in China market. – Lower our production costs to increase our global competitiveness.
  • 33. Experiences from China • Contacts on high level is incredibly important. Difficult to achieve, takes long time and decision makers are constantly changing. CENTEC + JUNO • Important to have local Chinese personal and an environment to keep key people in the company. • Project execution is much faster then in Europe. • Quality mind set is often low and decision making is often short term based. • Corruption exists and is difficult to handle, with Swedish ”code of conduct” • Necessary to adopt products to local conditions and cost levels. To sell European standard is not possible, when you get local competition.
  • 34. The owner The Stena Sphere 2010 Six business areas Total turnover: US$ 7.800 million EBT: US$ 530 million No of employees: 19 000 (Investments in several listed companies)
  • 35. The business areas within the Stena Sphere Ferry operations Offshore drilling Turnover SEK 10,3 billion Turnover SEK 6,1 billion No of employees 5 800 No of employees 968 Property Shipping Turnover SEK 4,7 billion Turnover SEK 2,1 billion No of employees 7937 No of employees 262 Stena Metall New Business Turnover SEK 28,6 billion Turnover SEK 3,7 billion No of employees 2 800 No of employees 1791 5. The Stena Sphere