National security is a state or condition where our most cherished values and beliefs, our democratic way of life, our institutions of governance and our unity, welfare and well-being as a nation and people are permanently protected and continuously enhanced

1. National Security

2.  National security is a state or condition where our most cherished values
and beliefs, our democratic way of life, our institutions of governance and
our unity, welfare and well-being as a nation and people are permanently
protected and continuously enhanced.
 Our national security environment is infused with different important
dimensions. Internal threats to our national security make up the first
dimension. The growing uncertainties that lie in the regional and global
milieu make up the second dimension of our national security
environment, even as threat of external aggression against our country
remains in the remote horizon. No doubt for century’s national security has
been the basic and paramount concern of the nation states.
 The most serious threat facing Pakistan at the moment is posed by
terrorism and the ongoing war on terrorism, narcotics drugs circulation and
growth of different crimes in Pakistan.

3. Internal Security Threats To
Pakistan

4.  Pakistan, ‘land of the pure’ was created as a separate
homeland for the Muslims. Since coming into existence as an
independent state, Pakistan is facing internal and external
threats. The challenges of threats faced are, old as well as new.

5. •Religious/Sectarianism
•Ethnic
•Refugees
•Terrorism
•Poverty/Population

6.  Religious identity formed the genesis of the
struggle for Pakistan, which in 1947 emerges
as the most populous Muslim state.

7.  Pakistan was faced less with the menace of
sectarian threats, as the only party which
existed in the earlier days was the Jamaat-i-
Islami led by Syed Abul Alla Moudidi.

8.  Another danger is the problem of ethnic
unrest. Punjab, with almost 60 percent of the
population, dominates almost all aspects of
national life. Smaller ethnic groups, all of
who have at one time been actively dissident,
resent this fact.

9.  Another cause for concern was the involvement of the
refugees in drug trafficking. They had free access to drugs
like heroin that they smuggled through the porous borders
into Pakistan. This made all these drugs easily accessible to
the local society, which, resulted in increase of drug
addiction.

10.  It basically exists in two forms in Pakistan. The religious
extremist groups, which have been outlawed and have been
involved in sectarian killings or violence fall in this category,
whose prime target is not foreign commercial targets but
grudges against the government and the second one is
supported by external sponsorship.

11.  At the present the economic position of the country
is not all that optimistic. With the proposed growth
rate, the problems of meeting the basic needs of the
citizens will be difficult. The average person living
well below the poverty line will be further drawn
into the turbulence of economic deprivation and
embedded further deep into poverty.

12.  Governance:
The quality of governance needs to be improved. Civil and
military relations needs to be addressed, a harmony between them
needs to be created to create a cordial domestic political
environment.
 Ethnicity/Minorities:
Civil leadership should facilitate dialogue between the
ethnic groups in Sindh to create a balance and harmony. Contact
should be established between the ethnic groups so that they can
talk out their grievances and redress the situation.

13. •Terrorism:
Internally Pakistan should deal with curbing
sectarianism as that is posing a lot of terrorist threats to
the security. With emphasis on controlling internal
threats of terrorism, external the threats should also not
be ignored as they act as feeders to the internal threats.

15.  Security implies the absence of real or perceived threats whether
originating from internal turmoil, external sources, economic disparities
and inequalities.
 To effectively deal with such threats, nations not only seek power
(economic, political, and military) and take adequate measures either
toward them off or to minimize their perceived adverse impact, but efforts
are also directed to acquire more and more power as well as efforts are also
made simultaneously to inculcate a sense of security among the citizens.
 The founder of Pakistan, Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, once said
“The weak and defenseless, in this imperfect world, invite aggression from
others.”

16.  Pakistan has been facing external threats to its independence
and territorial integrity right from its birth.
 Sandwiched between India and Afghanistan, Pakistan’s
security perceptions have been largely influenced by its state
of relationships with India and Afghanistan. More specifically,
the single largest source of security challenges has been with
India.
 Pakistan is confronted with a three-threat scenario—
 The perennial threat from India,
 The threat from Afghanistan,
 The threat emanating from a changing domestic situation.
Threats from India and Afghanistan make a formidable task
for Pakistani security planners. The developments following
9/11 have further complicated the situation.

17.  Since partition, the state of Kashmir, Siachin, Sir Creek, and
water related issues are also taking a huge chunk of
antagonism between the two countries. Although the process
of Indo-Pak normalization was initiated in 2004, and for four
years meetings of various agreed baskets were regularly held,
the Mumbai incident abruptly halted the process. The long
delays in resuming the useful dialogue adversely impacted the
process of desired neighborly normalcy. However, the
dialogue has been recently resumed. It is the earnest hope of
many South Asians that recently resumed dialogue would
maintain a desired level of consistency.

18.  The second major source of external threat emanates from the current
developments in Afghanistan. The threat from Afghanistan did not acquire
alarming proportion until the Soviets invaded Afghanistan in December
1979. Since then, Pakistan Afghanistan relations have experienced many
vicissitudes.
 Post 9/11 developments further complicated the situation. There is no
doubt that people of both Pakistan and Afghanistan have great regard for
each other, but the policies are made by the ruling groups. The powerful
elements within the incumbent Karazai cabinet are not just known to be
extremely sympathetic to Pakistan’s eastern neighbor, but appear to take
some kind of pleasure in making Pakistan uncomfortable.

19.  It is true in strategic terms that in view of Afghanistan’s internal problems
(including the ongoing civil war) and the relative military inferiority, it
cannot pose a serious threat to Pakistan’s security. But the danger of
possible fallout from Afghanistan’s political instability into the
neighboring provinces of Pakistan cannot be overlooked.
 The provinces of Kyber-Paktoonkhawa, FATA (Federally Administered
Tribal Areas), and Baluchistan are extremely prone to such an eventuality,
primarily because of the existence of dissident elements. During his recent
confirmation hearings for Secretary of Defense, Senator Chuck Hagel
remarked that India has over the years financed problems for Pakistan
from Afghanistan.

20.  Six issues have been impacting Pakistan-Afghanistan relations rather
consistently since the emergence of Pakistan as an independent country,
and each of them has taken some toll on the Pak-Afghan reservoir of
goodwill. These issues include unbridled rumors regarding the Taliban’s
linkages with Pakistan and their periodic adventurism, the status of the
Durand Line, Indo-Afghan relations, the landlocked nature of Afghanistan,
the presence of foreign forces (including American and NATO forces), and
the undesired critical speeches of the Afghan leaders unnecessarily
vilifying Pakistan. Each of these issues has been periodically making
adverse contributions.

21.  Soon after the tragic events of 9/11, the Americans invaded Afghanistan
and further messed up the already chaotic and complicated situation in
Afghanistan.
 If the Afghan mess is to be sorted out, then both the Afghan and Americans
need to do much more then what they have done so far. The Afghans need
to check and minimize corruption if they are unable to eliminate it
altogether to reduce fairly heavy dependency upon the drug barons,
transform its drug based economy, accelerate work on the developmental
projects which could improve the job situation, introduce and undertake
effective measures in order to improve law and order situation, improve
techniques of police training, initiate and embark upon political
approaches, expand and accelerate the training program for its army, avoid
undiplomatic and irresponsible speeches and statements, and cooperate
with Pakistan in order to jointly work towards the attainment of peace and
stability in Afghanistan etc.

22.  But as long as Pakistan is not focusing on its internal threats hard enough,
eliminating the external threats will not resolve the security challenges the
country faces. While Pakistan still has a good number of peace loving
citizens residing in it, the increasing number of extremists in mainstream
Pakistani society is a source of concern.
 While Pakistan does not face an imminent threat to its existence from
(increasing) extremism, it definitely is a worrying trend. If militants/terrorists
are the fuel that drives a machine, extremists are the machine themselves.
Fuel eventually runs out with time (as the state of war is not perennial), but
the machine does not. As long as machine is still there, it only needs some
'ignition' to be operational again. Extremism revitalizes militancy. The
Pakistan military is pounding the militants hard in their strongholds, but the
LEAs & the courts are doing far less to tackle the extremists (potential to-be-
militants) in the rest of the country.

23.  The most important lesson is that Pakistan must have political, economic,
and assured deterrence capability to forestall aggression from all quarters.
For as long as there are disputes and conflicts in the region of
geographical, political and economic interest to a nation, latent threats to
its sovereignty will continue to exist.

24. Crimes In Pakistan

25.  A crime is wrongful conduct defined by law as being punishable by
imprisonment, a fine, or other penalty and an unlawful act punishable by a
state.

26. There are many different types of crimes which are
following:
 Crimes Against Persons
 Crimes Against Morality
 Organized Crime

27.  Crimes against persons, also called personal crimes, personal include
murder, aggravated assault, rape, and robbery.

28.  Crimes against morality are also called victimless crimes, because there is
not any complainant, or victim. Prostitution, illegal gambling, and illegal
drug use are all examples of victimless crimes.

29.  Organized crime is crime committed by structured groups typically
involving the distribution of illegal goods and services to others. Many
people think of the Mafia when they think of organized crime, but the term
can refer to any group that exercises control over large illegal enterprises
(such as the drug trade, illegal gambling, prostitution, weapons smuggling,
or money laundering).

30. Source: Bureau of Police Research &Development Ministry Of
Interiors
Crimes Reported By Type

31. Crime in Pakistan is present in various according to a report the crime stats of
last five years are
 1,953,209 total cases were reported in Punjab.
 430,814 total cases were reported in Sindh.
 658,386 total cases were reported in KP.
 45,071 total cases were reported in Balochistan.
 7,527 total cases were reported in GilgitBaltistan.
 29,188 total cases were reported in AJK.

32. Leading causes of crime in Pakistan are following:
 Major causes of crimes are illiteracy and unemployment.
 Lawlessness, fundamentalism, backwardness and double
standards prevailing in the society of crime.
 In the lesser civilized areas the people of Pakistan's are
suffering from extreme depths of poverty ,which is the
foremost reason of crime.
 Frustration and aggression in our youth due to less security
and safety for their future.
 Contravene of rules and lack of judiciary also gives birth
to crime.

33.  To maintain the strong judiciary, Pakistan has to introduce honest officers
in law maintaining departments, encouraging employment opportunities
for illiterates and literates.

34. DRUGS IN PAKISTAN

35.  In 1998s Pakistan and Afghanistan exported nearly half of
world heroines.
 Some heroines are smuggled by sea on vessels by the port of
Karachi.
 Morphine’s base is transported overland through Pakistan and
Iran or directly to Iran from Afghanistan.
 Shipment of Afghan produced morphine base are also sent by
sea from Pakistan’s Makran coast.

36.  Heroin
 Charas
 Alcohol
 Cigarette
 Shisha
 Cocaine
 Chalyia
 Gutka
 Pan

38.  Shisha comes with different flavor which result for users to
have a lot of alternatives.
 The flavors of shisha covered and hide the harmful effects of
the main gradient that makes the user an addict.
 Shisha tobacco is addictive and hazardous to a smoker’s health
as traditional cigarette.
 The tobacco used for shisha pipe is not the same as the
cigarette, its fresh tobacco leaves that haven’t been doctored or
cut with any chemical.

40.  Inhaling smoke into the lungs, the incomplete combustion produced by
tobacco produces carbon monoxide which impairs the ability of blood to
carry oxygen when inhaled into the lungs.
 There are 4000 in tobacco 100 identified poisons and 63 known drugs
which causes cancer.
 Nicotine is the dangerous and nerve toxin drugs
 When tobacco is smoked most of the nicotine is pyrolyzed.

41.  6.4 million drugs addicts in Pakistan and most of these addict are
youngster.
 The majority of drugs addicts usually start with soft drugs like chaliya,
gutka and pan.
 Young people are more vulnerable to drug use and there are 420,000
people who inject themselves with drugs.
 The purchase of drugs or alcohol by young people is usually through
dealers and agent.
 Their number are easily exchanged from one person to another in hostels,
hotels and hidden places.

43.  Poverty
 Unemployment
 Easy availability
 Organized gang of drug mafia
 Corruption among the government agencies responsible for
checking smuggling.
 Easy money
 Lucrative business
 Political instability, poor law, order situation and social
backwardness.
 No action is being taken against drug cartels.

44.  Government should try to reduces the scale of unemployment.
 Drugs cartel should be taken up drugs and removed altogether.
 Strict action against drugs cartel may help to reduces the
amount drug addicts.
 Punishment for such persons who sell and buy it.
 Concrete step must taken to weaken the hold of drugs on
society.

46.  The primary goals of drug abuse or addiction treatment also
called recovering are abstinence relapse prevention and
rehabilitation.
 Drug addiction substantially reduces sober time available to
the person.
 The family is destroyed, personality is stunted and emotion
becomes intense and distorted.
 Government must take concrete steps to stop smuggling and
illegal entrance of drugs.
 Debates and program must be arranged on TV and a campaign
must be initiated to control and catch the drug traffickers.

47. Impact Of War On Terrorism
In Pakistan

48.  The terrorist act of September 11,2001.in the region
of south Asia, Pakistan has most delicate strategic
position.
 The threat of terrorism has steadily increased over
the last 30years.
 The terrorist of yesterday is the hero of today and the
hero of yesterday is the terrorist of today.

50.  Various attempts have been made to distinguish among types of terrorist
activities
 It is vital to bear in mind however there are many kind of terrorist
movement.
 popular typology identifies three broad classes of terrorism Revolutionary,
Sub revolutionary and also establishment.

52.  Social and political injustice
 Afghan war 1997
 Illiteracy
 Poverty and unemployment
 Dissatisfaction
 Political causes

53.  Education
 the use of education as a political tool in Pakistan is nothing
new.
 The education system in Pakistan is generally divided into 5
level
 Primary
 Middle
 High
 Intermediate
 University Program
 Poverty
 In Pakistan Poverty is very common more people are poor in
our country.

54.  Terrorism is a great hurdle in our economic,
prosperity, political stability, geo strategic and energy
security.
 Development activities are held due to effected areas
such as KPK and FATA.
 Terrorism is a complex Problem with many diverse
causes.

55.  Pakistan is having security challenges from regional, sub-regional entities
and even across regional players i.e. India, Afghanistan, Iran, the Islamic
State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and the US. The turning point in the internal
and external security threat was propelled by the event of 9/11, in which
Pakistan was asked either to be ‘us’ or with ‘the terrorists’ and thus
Pakistan became an ally of the US in her war against terrorism. This major
shift in our foreign policy made friends opponents and turns the table on
Pakistan. Now Pakistan is a security deficit state. And now as the US is
planning to partially withdraw its forces from Afghanistan at the end of
2014 which is biggest challenge for Pakistan’s security because the US’s
presence in Afghanistan is interconnected with the stability and national
security of Pakistan.
 Furthermore, India, a neighboring country with who we are always in a
state of war and enduring rivalry since the inception of Pakistan as its
inception was not accepted by them whole heartedly. The reason of this
enduring rivalry is also seeded in the unresolved issue of Kashmir which is
the mother of all problems. Similarly the asymmetry in power capabilities,
the Indian hegemonic designs and the persisting sense of insecurity also
add fuel to fire and in making the relation cool and dry and the