The City of Alliance has had some bad tasting water for years. The Water plant looked for options. The City hired Arcadis to design a UV Oxidation solution. This presentation describes teh rationale for selecting UV Oxidation for T&O treatment

1. Said Abou Abdallah, Terry Keep and Dr. Dean Reynolds
Ohio AWWA
September 20, 2012
The City of Alliance's Solution for
Taste and Odor Treatment

2. 2
WATER STRESS
IN AN
INTERCONNECTED
WATER SUPPLY
Sources of contaminants in
our water supply:
- Industrial discharge
- Agricultural runoff
- Chemical releases
- Municipal Wastewater
Injection
Well
Extraction
Well
Nutrients  increase in Algae Blooms  Taste & Odour, Algal Toxins

3. 3
EXAMPLES OF MICROPOLLUTANTS
Nitrosamines (e.g. NDMA)
Disinfection byproducts
Pesticides & Herbicides
Metaldehyde, Atrazine, Isoproturon, others
Petroleum Additives
Including MTBE
Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care Products
Includes potential endocrine disruptors
Taste & Odour Compounds
Seasonal occurrences of MIB, geosmin and others
Algal Toxins
Chronic and acute effects from cyanobacteria-derived
toxins

4. 4
TASTE & ODOUR, ALGAL TOXINS
Seasonal algae blooms occur in surface
waters
Decaying algae blooms result in MIB,
geosmin, algal toxins, other T&O
compounds
Earthy/musty, fishy, swampy, grassy
tastes & odours at low ppt
concentrations
Difficult to remove with conventional
technologies
T&O episodes compromise public
confidence in the safety of the water

5. 5
COMPOUNDS GENERATED BY SOME CYANOBACTERIA
Geosmin
2-Methylisoborneol (MIB)
GSMand MIBcan be detected
by sensitive individual down to
4 ng/L (ppt)
[Geosmin] have been
measured > 3000 ng/L
Aesthetics: T&O cmpds
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN)
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) [MC]~1800ug/L meas drng bloom
Public Health: Cyanotoxins
W
HO
set lim
it at 1
µg/L
USEPA
added
CNTX
to
the
CCL

6. 6
TASTE AND ODOUR TREATMENT STRATEGIES
• Potassium Permanganate
– Limited Effectiveness
• Powdered Activated Carbon
– Messy PAC & Sludge Handling, no Performance Guarantee
• Granular Activated Carbon
– Frequent & Expensive Change-outs, no Performance Guarantee
• Ozone
– Complicated System & Carcinogenic by-product (Bromate)
• UV-Oxidation
– Simple, Effective for T&O with Simultaneous Disinfection, Guaranteed
Performance for life of system

7. 7
UV / H2O2 FOR TASTE AND ODOUR TREATMENT
UV Advanced Oxidation: Using UV and Hydrogen Peroxide to destroy
trace organic contaminants in water by:
UV-Photolysis
UV-Oxidation

8. 8
UV-PHOTOLYSIS
Chemical bonds are
broken by UV light

9. 9
UV-OXIDATION
Hydrogen
peroxide
Hydroxyl
radical
Chemical bonds are
broken by hydroxyl
radicals

10. Planning and Engineering
Approach to the Final Design

11. 11
Planning and Engineering Approach to the
Final Design
o UV Oxidation System Feasibility Study
o UV Oxidation System Procurement
o UV Oxidation System Final Design Documents
o Design Criteria:
• UVT 92%
• Turbidity < 0.06 NTU
• TOC < 3 mg/l
• Nitrates < 1 mg/l
• pH 6.7 – 6.9
• Average Flow 5.5 MGD/10.0 MGD Max

12. 12
UV Oxidation System Feasibility Study
• Actual Costs of using Powered
Activated Carbon (PAC)
• UV Oxidation Process
• Electrical Costs
• Hydrogen Peroxide Cost
• Chlorination Cost
• Equipment Manufacturer's Variations
• Design Requirements
• Non-Cost factors

13. 13
UV Oxidation System Feasibility Study
• PAC (Powder Activated Carbon)
System Capabilities and
Limitations
• Type of PAC used
• Impact on Other Treatment
Processes
• Operational Difficulties
• Future Limitations

14. 14
Actual PAC CostsMonth
Days/
Month
Average Influent
MIB Concentration
Flow PAC Cost / MG / day PAC Cost
June, 2010 30 125.53 3.2 $27.76 $2,665.23
July, 2010 31 86.50 3.7 $14.82 $1,700.29
August, 2010 31 23.07 3.5 $17.50 $1,899.18
September, 2010 30 25.90 3.4 $14.89 $1,519.20
October, 2010 31 112.33 3.2 $131.74 $13,068.90
November, 2010 30 326.63 3.0 $422.42 $38,017.41
December, 2010 31 549.46 3.2 $559.86 $55,538.10
January, 2011 31 967.06 3.3 $521.49 $53,348.20
February, 2011 28 911.53 3.3 $535.70 $49,498.78
March, 2011 31 125.67 3.2 $513.44 $50,933.69
April, 2011 30 11.05 3.2 $72.31 $6,941.88
May, 2011 31 4.65 3.7 $22.18 $2,544.50
12 Months Total $277,675.37
Actual Costs of PAC Treatment

15. 15
PAC Actual vs. UV Ox ProjectionsMonth and Year
Average Influent
MIB Concentration
Average Flow
(MGD)
Actual PAC Costs
Projected PAC/
UV Ox Costs
June, 2010 125.53 3.2 $2,665.23 $2,665.23
July, 2010 86.50 3.7 $1,700.29 $1,700.29
August, 2010 23.07 3.5 $1,899.18 $1,899.18
September, 2010 25.90 3.4 $1,519.20 $1,519.20
October, 2010 112.33 3.2 $13,068.90 $13,068.90
November, 2010 326.63 3.0 $38,017.41 $27,000.00
December, 2010 549.46 3.2 $55,538.10 $48,087.57
January, 2011 967.06 3.3 $53,348.20 $57,364.10
February, 2011 911.53 3.3 $49,498.78 $52,469.39
March, 2011 125.67 3.2 $50,933.69 $29,760.00
April, 2011 11.05 3.2 $6,941.88 $6,941.88
May, 2011 4.65 3.7 $2,544.50 $2,544.50
12 Months Total $277,675.37 $245,020.24
PAC Actual vs. UV Ox Projected

16. 16
MIB Concentration vs. PAC and UV Ox

17. 17
UV Oxidation System Feasibility Study:
Findings
• Procurement Recommendations for UV Oxidation System
• Capital Costs and Operation & Maintenance Costs
• Non-Cost Factors (Vendor Experience)
• Impact on Water Users – Water rate, water quality
• Schedule of Implementation

18. 18
UV Oxidation System Procurement
• Traditional Design vs. Pre-selection
• Variations with Manufacturer’s
Designs
• UV Oxidation Equipment Essential
and Critical for Taste and Odor
• UV Oxidation Equipment Represents
Significant Project Cost
• Multiple Available Strategies
• Balancing Qualifications/Experience
and Costs
• Early Procurement Prevents
Duplications and Delays

19. 19
UV Oxidation System
Procurement:
Key Considerations
• Tight Procurement
Documents
• Scope of Equipment
• Warranty
• Proposal Information
• Operating Parameters
• Capital Cost Analysis vs.
Present Worth Analysis
• Bidding Conditions
• Decision Analysis and
Weighting

20. 20
UV Oxidation System: Procurement
• Bid items
• Clear and specific
• Bid Requirements
• Financial Stability
• Experience and Past Performance
• Demonstration of successful
Operations
• Equipment Service and
Support
• Equipment Characteristics and
Flexibility
• Future Capacity
• Operations and Complexity

21. 21
UV Oxidation System: Procurement
• Cost Factors:
• Capital Cost
• O&M Cost
• Common Cost Parameters
• Energy Cost
• Chemical Cost
• Interest rates
• PW period

22. 22
UV Oxidation System:
Effective Integration of Quality and Cost
• Designed to meet the
Client and Project Goals
• Balanced between Cost
and Non-Cost Factors
• Qualifications/Experience
Emphasis
• Broad Spectrum of
Evaluation

23. 23
UV Oxidation System:
Final Design Documents
• Design Documents to Allow the Installation of
the Procured Equipment
• UV Oxidation Units
• Hydrogen Peroxide Feed and Storage System
• Chlorine Feed System
• Future Provisions
• Performance Testing

24. 24
UV Oxidation System:
Final Design Documents
• Two 30-Inch Diameter Reactor in Series
• Cooling System for Use During Filter
Backwash Operations
• Operator Input During Chlorine Trouble Times
• Dedicated Automatic Chlorinator for UV Ox Operation
• System Bypass During Non- Taste and Odor Season

25. 25
UV Oxidation System:
Final Design Documents
• Hydrogen Peroxide System
• One 3,000 Gallon Hydrogen Peroxide Bulk
Storage Tank
• Two Day tanks with Duplex Feed pump
System
• Double Containment Piping
• Chlorine Feed System Capacity Upgrade
• New Chlorine Evaporator
• Dedicated Chlorinator for UV Ox
• Use of Liquid Chlorine with Back-up Gas
Manifolds
• Re-training of personnel on use of new
Chlorine System

26. 26
UV Oxidation System:
Final Design Documents
• Future Chloramination
• Provisions for Feed System
• Provisions for Multiple
Monitoring Locations
• Implementation Schedule
• Construction Project Bidding
in September/October 2012
• Construction NTP November 2012
• Substantial Completion September 20132013
• Performance Testing by December 2013

27. SWIFT ECT 16L30” UV Reactor
30” Reactor
On line UV
Transmittance
Monitor

28. 28
QUESTIONS?
Terry Keep
ECT Sales Manager
Trojan Technologies
519.457.3400
tkeep@trojanuv.com
Said AbouAbdallah, PE | Associate Vice President
Malcolm Pirnie | The Water Division of ARCADIS
216.781.6177
said.abouabdallah @arcadis-us.com