PA213

1. OUTLINE OF
PRESENTATION
1. Management Functions
2. Concept of Planning
3. Types of Planning
4. Concept of Control
5. Types of Control
6. Difference of Planning & Control
JERIC DIAZ
SAUDI SALAMAT
LYNDON ENRIQUEZ
FARHANA SAHOD
ABDUL NASSER GUIABAR
ARSHIED ALFONSO

3. Management is a process of planning,
decision making, organizing, leading,
Motivation and controlling the human
resources, financial, physical, and
information resources of an organization to
reach its goals efficiently and effectively.
What
is
Management?
Good management is the backbone
of successful organizations.

5. PLANNING
It is the basic function of management.
It deals with chalking out a future course of
action & deciding in advance the most
appropriate course of actions for
achievement of pre-determined goals.

6. It is the process of bringing together physical,
financial and human resources and
developing productive relationship amongst
them for achievement of organizational
goals.
ORGANIZING

7. •Identification of activities.
•Classification of grouping of activities.
•Assignment of duties.
•Delegation of authority and creation of
responsibility.
•Coordinating authority and responsibility
relationships
Organizing as a process involves:

8. - It is the function of manning the
organization structure and keeping it
manned.
STAFFING
Staffing involves:
 Manpower Planning
 Recruitment, Selection & Placement.
 Training & Development.
 Remuneration.
 Performance Appraisal.
 Promotions & Transfer.

9. It is that part of managerial function which
actuates the organizational methods to
work
efficiently for achievement of
organizational
purposes.
Elements:
•Supervision
•Motivation
•Leadership
DIRECTING

10. It implies measurement of accomplishment
against the standards and correction of
deviation if any to ensure achievement
of organizational goals.
CONTROLLING

11. Concept of Planning
in Management
Planning means deciding in advance what to do,
why to do, and when to do it.
SALAMAT, SAUDI S.

12. Introduction
Planning is defined as setting an objective for a given time period,
developing various strategies or methods to attain them, and then
selecting the best possible alternatives from the various methods
available.
Planning is all about what managers at all levels perform. It require
s adopting a decision as it involves making a choice from an
alternative course of action.

13. Planning helps in
achieving the
objective. We cann
ot think of achieving
any objective
without any kind of
planning
Contributes
to the
Objective
01.
Characteristics
of Planning
02.
Planning is universal
Pervasive
We always stay in
the present and
plan for the future.
Planning is never
done in the past
03.
Planning is
Futuristic

14. Once plan is
framed and
implemented, it is
followed by another
plan
Planning is
continuous
04.
Characteristics
of Planning
05.
In planning,
function
managers evaluate
various alternatives
and select the most
appropriate way to
manage things
Involves
Decision
Making
It is not a mere gue
sswork but a
rotational thinking.
It involves
application of high
order thinking skills
and intellectual
faculties
06.
Planning is
a Mental
Exercise

15. Importance of Planning
Provides
Direction
Reduces the
Risk of
Uncertainties
Reduces
Overlapping
and
Wasteful
Activity
Promotes
Innovative
Ideas
By stating in
advance, how
work has to be
done, planning
provides
direction for
action.
Uncertainty means
any events in the
future that change our
course of action.
Planning helps the
manager to face
uncertainty.
If we plan, our time
will not be wasted
Planning encourages
to think creatively and
out of the box to
generate ideas

16. Importance of Planning
Facilitates
Decision
Establishes a
Standard for
Controlling
Attention
on the
Objectives
With good planning, our d
ecision-making gets accur
ate, it
becomes feasible
and it also gets
improved.
Controlling is incomplete
without planning and
planning is incomplete
without controlling.
Through planning, all
efforts of employees will
be directed towards the
achievement of the
goals and objectives of
the organization

17. Planning Process
Setting
up the
Objective
1
Developing
Premises
2
Listing
Alternatives
for
Achieving
Objectives
3
Evaluation
of Different
Alternatives
4

18. Planning Process
Selecting
an
Alternative
5
Implement
the Plan
6
Follow Up
7

19. TYPES OF PLANNING

20. • “Planning is about
managing resources and
priorities in an organized
way,” Berry says.
“Management is related
to leadership, and it’s
related to productivity.”
Why Plan?
• If companies improve how
they plan, managing and
leadership will also
improve. The following
steps can help businesses
plan better.

21. • Devise a Plan: Write
important details down and
focus on strengths, what
matters, what people are
most important to you and
what you can do for them.
This will help you
communicate your vision to
your employees.
3STEPSFORBETTER
PLANNING
• Define Success: How do you see
your business in several years?
Define long-term goals and be
specific. Establish milestones for
certain goals and who will
achieve the goals. Look at what
drives your business; it may be
presentations, conversions,
page views or something else.
Then establish a review
schedule and re-examine your
long-term goals as necessary.

22. • Put It in Motion: Track and analyze
numbers to help you manage the work
behind the numbers. You’ll be better able
to make changes — or to develop new
plans — that will help you manage better.

23. Operational
Planning
The4TypesofPlans
1
3
2
4
Tactical
Planning
Strategic
Planning
Contingency
Planning

24. “Operational plans are about how things need to
happen,” motivational leadership speaker Mack
Story said at LinkedIn. “Guidelines of how to
accomplish the mission are set.”
Operational
Planning

25. Operational
Planning
This type of planning typically describes the day-to-
day running of the company. Operational plans are
often described as single use plans or ongoing plans.
Single use plans are created for events and activities
with a single occurrence (such as a single marketing
campaign). Ongoing plans include policies for
approaching problems, rules for specific regulations
and procedures for a step-by-step process for
accomplishing particular objectives.

26. “Strategic plans are all about why things need to
happen,” Story said. “It’s big picture, long-term
thinking. It starts at the highest level with defining
a mission and casting a vision.”
Strategic
Planning

27. Strategic planning includes a high-level overview
of the entire business. It’s the foundational basis
of the organization and will dictate long-term
decisions. The scope of strategic planning can be
anywhere from the next two years to the next 10
years. Important components of a strategic plan
are vision, mission and values.
Strategic
Planning

28. “Tactical plans are about what is going to
happen,” Story said. “Basically at the tactical
level, there are many focused, specific, and
short-term plans, where the actual work is
being done, that support the high-level strategic
plans.”
Tactical
Planning

29. Tactical planning supports strategic planning. It includes
tactics that the organization plans to use to achieve
what’s outlined in the strategic plan. Often, the scope is
less than one year and breaks down the strategic plan
into actionable chunks. Tactical planning is different
from operational planning in that tactical plans ask
specific questions about what needs to happen to
accomplish a strategic goal; operational plans ask how
the organization will generally do something to
accomplish the company’s mission.
Tactical
Planning

30. Contingency plans are made when something
unexpected happens or when something needs to
be changed. Business experts sometimes refer to
these plans as a special type of planning.
Contingency
Planning

31. Contingency planning can be helpful in
circumstances that call for a change. Although
managers should anticipate changes when
engaged in any of the primary types of planning,
contingency planning is essential in moments
when changes can’t be foreseen. As the business
world becomes more complicated, contingency
planning becomes more important to engage in
and understand.
Contingency
Planning

32. CONTROLLING

33. CONTROLLING
• Controlling is the process of assessing the organization’s
progress toward accomplishing its goals. It includes
monitoring the implementation of a plan and correcting
deviations from that plan.
• Controlling is a follow-up action to the other functions of
management performed by managers to control the
activities assigned to them in the organization.

34. IMPORTANCE OF CONTROLLING
• It helps to check errors.
• It helps in taking the correct actions so that there is a
minimum deviation from standards.
• It will help the organization achieve its goal in the most
effective and efficient manner.

35. PROCESS OF CONTROLLING

36. TYPES OF
CONTROLLING
PRESENTED BY:
ABDUL NASSER S. GUIABAR

37. PREVENTIVE CONTROL
- to prevent some potential problem from occurring when
an activity is performed.
Examples:
Access controls
Pre-approval of actions and transactions
Physical control over assets

38. DETECTIVE CONTROL
- to discover the occurrence of adverse events such as
operational inefficiency.
Example:
Physical inventory checks
Review of accounts reports
Reconcillations

39. CORRECTIVE CONTROL
- to remedy problems discovered through detective controls.
Examples:
Implementing data back up
Recovery procedure

40. While planning sets out the goals, mission and steps for companies or
organizations to meet market demands, controls are put into place so
that companies or organizations can contend with changes when they
inevitably occur.
In other words, control ensures that companies or organizations can
adapt and change their plans and processes swiftly.
PLANNING & CONTROL
Reporter: Arshied A. Alfonso

41. Control follows planning. It is the process to ensure that plans are being
attained. It is a feedback.
Planning sets the philosophy and the guidelines on which the organization
operates. And controlling ensures that the activities of the organization
conform to these.
PLANNING & CONTROL

42. Points of
Difference
Planning Controlling
Meaning
It means to decide the way to
do the actual work.
It refers to measuring
performance.
Nature Planning is forward-looking.
Controlling is backward-
looking.
Steps
Planning is the first step in the
management function.
Controlling is the last step in
the management function.

43. Points of
Difference
Planning Controlling
Functions
Planning is a function that decides how,
when, where, and who will do the work.
It includes the measurement of the
actual performance and feedback.
Importance
Planning is important because other
functions of management are only
performed in a better way if proper planning
is done. Hence, managerial function
depends on planning.
Controlling plays an important role as
without feedback, managers cannot
judge the performance of employees.
Goals
The primary motive of planning is to set
goals.
Controlling ensures that the target is
achieved or not.

44. Both controlling and planning differ in some way. Controlling establishes
performance standards that are used to measure performance towards
organizational goals. The primary objective of control is to determine whether
people and different parts of the organization are performing the work as per
their target, attaining the objectives that they have planned to achieve.
On the other hand, planning chooses goals and determines the necessary
strategy and tactics to accomplish those goals. Planning is made on how to
perform goals in order to prevent failures and promote success. Planning also
provides mediums on how to measure the performance of individuals, divisions,
departments, and the organization as a whole.

45. THANK
YOU!