1. E
Terraced Landscapes: experiences and “good
practices” in Italy and Europe:
SPAIN
Sabina Asins Velis
Departamento de Planificación Territorial
Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CSIC
Departamento de Geografía
Universitat de València
LAVORARE IL PAESAGGIO
Terrazzamenti e muri a secco tra identità e valori
Cembra, Italia, 4 maggio 2013
2. Indice
1/ INTRODUCTION
2/ GOOD PRACTICES IN SPAIN
2.1/ Terraced Agricultural Areas
2.2/ Cultural Heritage
3/ Narural and Cultural Risks (Abandonement)
4/ Final Remarks
4. The function of the terraced landscapes in the
European agricultural and rural model
Industrial
agriculture
Commercial
agriculture
Territorial
agriculture
SPECIAL
ENVIRONMENTAL VALUE
1/ INTRODUCTION
6. OBJECTIVES
TO INCLUDE THEM, AMONG OTHERS, IN THE
SPATIAL PLANNING and RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES
TO ANALYSE ENVIRONMENTAL, CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
RISKS DUE TO ABANDONMENT
TO IDENTIFY SUCCESSFUL TECHNIQUES AND GOOD PRACTICES
Case studies
SOIL AND WATER MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES EVALUATION
Historical analysis
1/ INTRODUCTION
7. 2/ GOOD PRACTICES IN SPAIN
2.1/ TERRACED AGRICULTURAL AREAS, IN PRODUCTION
2.2/ CULTURAL HERITAGE
8. 2.1/ TERRACED AGRICULTURAL AREAS, IN PRODUCTION
Valencian Community:
To preserve active
agriculture in those
areas in which
traditional techniques
are functionals, and
allow the introduction of
machinery
Foto: S. Asins
11. 2.1/ TERRACED AGRICULTURAL AREAS, IN PRODUCTION
“It seems a forest, so well planted of olive-trees”
Cavanilles, 1797
Foto: S. Asins
12. 2.1/ TERRACED AGRICULTURAL AREAS, IN PRODUCTION
Catalonia:
To combine historical tradition with
agricultural products (linking
archaeological sites with wine
commercial marks)
Foto: S. Asins
14. 2.1/ TERRACED AGRICULTURAL AREAS, IN PRODUCTION
Almería:
Quality marks: “Oil of the Desert”
Foto: S. Asins
15. Balearic Islands:
To promote the participation of the private
sector in the recovery and conservation of the
rural landscape and terraced areas
Foto: S. Asins
20. 2.1/ TERRACED AGRICULTURAL AREAS, IN PRODUCTION
To promote knowledge transfer
between generations
(EU-Rural Development Plans)
Foto: S. Asins
21. 2.2/ CULTURAL HERITAGE
To declare Protected Areas in singular
landscapes, historically terraced
Foto: S. Asins
22. 2.2/ CULTURAL HERITAGE
To aprove laws, linking rural
development and landscape protection
(“Ley de Ordenación del Territorio y
Protección del Paisaje de la Comunidad
Valenciana”)
Foto: S. Asins
23. 2.2/ CULTURAL HERITAGE
To recover traditional terraced
landscapes to promote rural tourism
Rural hotel
“La Esperanza”,
Petrer (Alicante)
Foto: Heliodoro
24. 2.2/ CULTURAL HERITAGE
Fuente: De Pedro (1998)
Grau et al., 2004
To finance research projects to
investigate historical terracements
LA LLOMA DE BETXÍ
(Paterna,
Valencia)
Bronze Age
Beginning of the
II millennium cal. BC
25. 2.2/ CULTURAL HERITAGE
Roman terraces: La Sierra de Francia
Main researchers: J. Sánchez Palencia y M. Ruiz del Árbol- CSIC
Foto: S. Palencia y Ruiz del Árbol
26. 2.2/ CULTURAL HERITAGE
Roman terraces: Peña Redonda (Villardiegua de la Ribera, Zamora)
Main researchers CSIC: Dres. J. Sánchez-Palencia, A. Orejas y M. Ruiz del Árbol
Fotos: S. Palencia, Orejas y Ruiz del Árbol
27. Foto: J.M. Ruizabedul
alamo
roble
castaño
encina pino
olmo
enebro
sauce avellano
brezo
aliso
ÉPOCA PRERROMANA
ÉPOCA ROMANA
ÉPOCA POSTROMANA
ÉPOCA PRERROMANA
ÉPOCA ROMANA
ÉPOCA POSTROMANA
Fuente: M. Ruiz del Árbol
Foto: Palencia y Ruíz del Árbol
2.2/ CULTURAL HERITAGE
Laboratory of the Department of Environmental Planning-CIDE
45. To recover terraced areas in the vicinity of the villages to prevent forest fires:
Horizontal and vertical discontinuity (vegetation)
Disminish the velocity of fire propagation
Security belt (rural villages) Foto: S. A
3/ RISKS: FOREST FIRES
57. CASE STUDIES:
- Field work
- Archives
- Cartography
Foto: S. Asins
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
58. Capacidad y Vulnerabilidad
1.Capacidad Muy Baja / Vulnerabilidad Alta
2.Capacidad Muy Baja / Vulnerabilidad Alta
3.Capacidad Baja / Vulnerabilidad Alta
4.Capacidad Moderada / Vulnerabilidad Moderada
5.Capacidad Elevada / Vulnerabilidad Baja
6. Capacidad Baja / Vulnerabilidad Moderada
7. Capacidad Muy Baja / Vulnerabilidad Alta
Fuente: Depto. Planificación Territorial-CIDE
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
FIELD WORK
59. XVIII Century
Mapa: Archivo del Reino de Valencia
XXI century
Ortofoto: Instituto Cartográfico Valenciano
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
ARCHIVES
60. Fuente: Archivo Municipal Petrer (Alicante)
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
ARCHIVES
62. EVOLUTION OF THE
TERRACED
LANDSCAPE
Petrer (Alicante)
Agricultural area:100% terraced
Fuente: Asins y Carrillos, 2009
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
CARTOGRAPHY
63. 0 10 20 30 40 Kilometers
N
#
#
#
Castellón
Valencia
Alicante
Fuente: Asins, 2009
Estimated terraced area
(Valencian Community)
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
CARTOGRAPHY
64. TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
WORLD BANK
ICONOGRAPHIC SYSTEM
AGRICULTURE AND SOIL
PROTECTION
Fuente: IPOGEA
http://www.tkwb.org
INCLUSION IN THE
DATA BASE OF THE
INTERNATIONAL
ORGANISMS
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
66. SOCIAL ASPECTS AND
TERRITORIAL PLANNING
Fuente: IPOGEA
http://www.tkwb.org
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
67. - To include principles of sustainability in a multisectoral
framework (territorial approach and multilevel
collaboration)
- Local and regional agents involvement
- To promote new relation-ways between rural and urban
areas
- Transversal: to be linked with conventions and regulations
as important as: European Landscape Convention, Water
Framework Directive, Rural Development Policies, etc.
POLICIES
FINAL REMARKS: SPATIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
