FERTILIZATION IS A FUSION OF MALE GAMETE WITH FEMALE GAMETES .ANDROECIUM AND GYNOECIUM ARE THE FERTILE PARTS OF A PLANT.THEY ARE DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS OF FERTILIZATION.THE FUSION BETWEEN THE MALE GAMETES AND EGG FORMING SEED AND FRUIT.HERE THE OVULE DEVELOP IN TO SEED AND OVARY DEVELOP IN TO FRUIT.

1. KERALA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
NEDUMANGAD

4. FERTILIZATION IS A FUSION OF
MALE GAMETES WITH FEMALE
GAMETES

5.  FLOWER HAS FOUR FLORAL WHORLS
CALYX
COROLLA
ANDROECIUM
GYNOECIUM
NON-ESENTIAL WHORLS
ESSENTIAL WHORLS
COROLLA
 NON-ESSENTIAL WHOLS ARE STERILE PARTS WITH NO REORODUCTIVE ROL
 ESSENTIAL WHOLS ARE FERTILE PARTS ,THEY ARE DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
ANDROECIUM
GYNOECIUM
CALYX

7. MALE AND FEMALE SEX ORGAN
MALE SEX ORGAN FEMALE SEX ORGAN
◑ ANDROECIUM IS THE MALE PART
OF THE FLOWER.
◑IT CONSISTS OF STAMENS OR MICRO
SPORANGIA
◑Gynoecium is the female part of a
flower
◑It consists of carpel or
megasporophyll.

8. • STAMEN IS A MALE
REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN
• IT CONSISTS OF THREE PARTS
→ Filament [stalk of a flower]
→ Anther[two lobed structure]
→ Connective[it connect filament and anther]

9. CARPEL
 CARPEL IS THE FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN.
 IT CONSISTS OF THREE PARTS
→ Stigma[terminal parts where pollen
grain deposited during pollination.]
→ Style[long tubular parts]
→ Ovary[fertile basal part contain
ovule]
STIGMA
STYLE
OVARY

10. ♦ ANTHER IS A PART OF STAMEN
♦INSIDE THE ANTHER POLLEN GRAINS
ARE FORMED.
♦MATURE POLLEN GRAIN GO TO
DIVISION FORM TWO UN-EQUAL CELLS.
→Large Vegetative Cell –It Act As Pollen Tube.
→Small Generative Cell- Produces Two Male
Gametes /Sperm By Division.

11. DEVELOPMENT OF CARPEL/MEGASPOROPHILL
◑Ovule is the oval structure found inside
the megasporophill.
◑Mature ovule consists of a central mass of
tissue called nucelous.
◑Apical part of ovule is called micropyle.
◑Basal part of ovule is called chalaza.
◑Lying embedded in the nucelous at the
micropylar end is called embryo sac.
CHALAZA
EMBRYO SAC
MICRO PYLE

12. P0LLINATION

13. MATURE EMBRYO SAC
 IT IS A SEVEN CELLED STRUCTURE.
 3 CELLED EGG APPARATUS AT THE
MICROPYLAR END.
 3 ANTIPODAL CELL AT THE CHALAZAL
END.
 CENTRAL TWO NUCLEI LATER FUSE TO
FORM A SECONDARY NUCLEUS

14. AFTER POLLINATION
After the landing of pollen grains on the
stigma,
♣Formation and growth of pollen tube take
place –pollen germination
♣Pollen tube grows down through the stigma
and style finally reaches the ovary
♣Enters the ovule

15. ☻ THE FUSION BETWEEN THE MALE GAMETE
AND THE EGG IS CALLED TRUE
FERTILIZATION.
☻ AFTER FERTILIZATION
OVULE DEVELOP IN TO SEED
OVARY DEVELOP IN TO FRUIT.
OVARY-FRUIT
OVULE-SEED

16. FERTILIZATION
• Inside The Ovule Fertilization Is
Takes Place.
• In The Ovule Pollen Tube
Discharges Two Sperms
• One Of The Sperms Fuses With The
Egg And Form Zygote
• Other Fuses With Secondary
Nucleus For Primary Endosperm
Nucleus.