The water cycle circle

1. PRESENTED BY : AHMED ALI
04162113049

2. The water cycle, also known as
the hydrologic cycle or the hydrological
cycle, is a biogeochemical cycle that describes
the continuous movement of water on, above
and below the surface of the earth.

3. The water moves from one reservoir to another, such as from river
to ocean, or from the ocean to the atmosphere, by the physical
processes of :
Evaporation
Transpiration
Condensation
Precipitation
Infiltration
Runoff

4. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases
as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into
the overlying atmosphere.

5. ~Sun's energy helps water molecules to escape into
atmosphere.
~Water vapor rises and forms the clouds.
~Evaporation helps in regulation temperature and in
redistribution of water resources.
~Evaporation is dependent upon the factors such as
temperature, wind , humidity, and surface area of
water bodies.

6. TRANSPIRATION
The release of water vapor from plants and
soil into the air.

7. CONDENSATION
The transformation of water vapor to
liquid water droplets in the air,
creating clouds and fog.

8. • Warm, moist air rises high and cools, which in results
cause the water vapor to lose energy and change back
into liquid form in water cycle the process of
condensation do facilitate the formation of
precipitation.
•The amount of condensation depends on factors such as
temperature,altitude, humidity. (lower temp results in water droplets)

9. PRECIPITATION
Condensed water vapor that falls to the
Earth's surface.

10. ~Precipitation do occurs when water droplets grow large enough to overcome the
upward air currents within a cloud. These larger particles then fall due to gravity.
~Precipitation is part of the water cycle. Precipitation falls to the ground
as snow and rain. It eventually evaporates and rises back into the atmosphere as
a gas. In clouds, it turns back into liquid or solid water, and it falls to Earth again.
People rely on precipitation for fresh water to drink, bathe, and irrigate crops for
food.
~The most common types of precipitation are rain, hail, and snow.

11. INFILTRATION
The flow of water from the ground surface into
the ground.

12.  Precipitation can impact infiltration in many ways. The amount,
type, and duration of precipitation all have an impact. Rainfall leads
to faster infiltration rates than any other precipitation event.
 Soils that have smaller pore sizes, such as clay, have lower
infiltration capacity and slower infiltration rates than soils that have
large pore sizes, such as sands.
 Soil that is already saturated has no more capacity to hold more
water, therefore infiltration capacity has been reached and the rate
cannot increase past this point.

13. RUNFLOW
Runoff is the part of the water cycle in which the
water flows over the land as surface water rather than
be absorbed into groundwater or evaporating.

14. As more and more people inhabit the Earth, and as more development and
urbanization occur, more of the natural landscape is replaced
by impervious surfaces, such as roads, houses, parking lots, and buildings
that reduce infiltration of water into the ground and accelerate runoff to
ditches and streams. In addition to increasing imperviousness, removal of
vegetation and soil, grading the land surface, and constructing drainage
networks increase runoff volumes and shorten runoff time into streams from
rainfall and snowmelt. As a result, the peak discharge, volume, and
frequency of floods increase in nearby streams.

15. Advantages of the Water Cycle:
Provides a constant supply of freshwater, The water cycle ensures that freshwater is
constantly replenished, providing a reliable source of water for human and animal
consumption, agriculture, and other purposes.
Helps regulate the Earth's temperature, The water cycle plays an important role in
regulating the Earth's temperature. As water evaporates from the Earth's surface
and rises into the atmosphere, it cools the surface and helps prevent it from
overheating.
Essential for natural ecosystems: The water cycle is essential for the functioning of
natural ecosystems. It provides water for plant growth and supports the habitats of
various animal species

16. Human Impact on the Water Cycle
Our water resources face a host of serious threats, all of which are caused primarily by human activity.
They include deforestation, pollution, climate change,extraction of wtaer, landscape changes, and urban
growth.
Deforestation: cutting of forests disrupts the water cycle by reducing evapotranspiration, which can lead
to decrease in rainfall .
Climate Change: Human activites lead to global warming which do affects precipitation patterns,
increase in evaporation rates, and intensifying extreme weather events, leading to droughts and floods.
Urbanization: Construction of impervious surfaces, such as roads and buildings, reduces infiltration
and increases surface runoff, leading to increased flood risk and reduced groundwater recharge.
Pollution: Human activities introduce pollutants into water bodies, affecting water quality and the health
of aquatic ecosystems. Contaminants can also alter the natural processes of evaporation and condensation.
Water Extraction: Increased water consumption for agriculture, industry, and domestic use reduces
water availability and do effects the natural flow of the water cycle.

17. GOOD ENVIROMENT
We can try to reduce contamination by keeping the
water, the ground, and the air free of pollutants as
much as possible. We can use just the amount of
water that we need. Industries can recycle their
process water or pre treat their wastewater so that it
is easier to purify for drinking water and other
purposes